{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]],"date-time":"2025-12-10T08:24:03Z","timestamp":1765355043922,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,24]],"date-time":"2024-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719187200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"China national key research and development plan project","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2023YFF0615902"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFF0615902"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"China State Administration for Market Regulation Science and Technology project","award":["2023MK192"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023MK192"]}]},{"name":"Dean's fund project of China National Institute of Standardization","award":["522023Y-10381"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["522023Y-10381"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Muscle fatigue is one of the leading causes that contributes tremendously to injuries among volunteer firefighters in the workplace. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of positive-pressure breathing apparatus on muscle fatigue in the shoulder, back, and legs of volunteer firefighters. A total of 60 volunteer firefighters were recruited to perform a running task on a motorized treadmill in a controlled laboratory environment. Surface electromyography and rating of perceived exertion scores were collected from all participants every 60 seconds during the running task. Results show that the median frequency values for all measured muscle groups were significantly lower, and the rating of perceived exertion score was significantly higher after running with the positive-pressure breathing apparatus. Meanwhile, there were no significant differences in the median frequency values for the upper trapezius, erector spinae, and biceps femoris between the initial and final periods of running task without load. However, the median frequency values with load for gastrocnemius, rectus femoris, and tibialis anterior exhibited a greater downward trend compared to those without load. Additionally, using a breathing apparatus can cause asymmetric muscle fatigue in bilateral upper trapezius, erector spinae, gastrocnemius, and tibialis anterior muscles. The decreased performance due to muscle fatigue increases the risk of accidents, thereby posing a threat to the safety of volunteer firefighters. This study offers valuable insights into the effects of positive-pressure breathing apparatus on muscle fatigue among volunteer firefighters. These results may serve as a reference for developing improved fatigue management strategies and optimizing the design features of breathing apparatus.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0305599","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,24]],"date-time":"2024-06-24T18:52:49Z","timestamp":1719255169000},"page":"e0305599","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The impact of positive-pressure breathing apparatus on muscle fatigue of volunteer firefighter"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Huimin","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8357-1877","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jie","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lixin","family":"Ouyang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenlei","family":"Niu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,24]]},"reference":[{"article-title":"Notice of the Work Safety Commission of The State Council on printing and distributing the 14th Five-Year National Plan on Fire Protection Work","year":"2022","author":"Work Safety Committee of the State Council of China","key":"pone.0305599.ref001"},{"article-title":"Notice on printing and distributing Standards for Construction of Miniature Fire Stations in Key Units of Fire Safety (Trial) and Construction Standards for Community Miniature Fire Stations (Trial","year":"2015","author":"Fire Department of the Ministry of Public Security of China","key":"pone.0305599.ref002"},{"key":"pone.0305599.ref003","unstructured":"Beijing Municipal Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision. 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