{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T03:36:27Z","timestamp":1780544187880,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,23]],"date-time":"2024-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724371200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The complex neurological disorder of migraine is prevalent (19%) and burdensome in university students. Qualitative research exploring the lived experience of migraine in students has yet to be conducted.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Students clinically diagnosed with migraine were recruited (purposive sampling) from a sample of Irish third-level institutions for a one-time anonymized Zoom focus group or individual interview. Focus group questions were sent to participants in advance. Interviews were iterative. Participants were also invited to submit a drawing. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and sent to participants for triangulation. Reflexive thematic content analysis was undertaken, data was imported to Microsoft Excel, initial codes were generated, and themes and sub-themes were derived from the codes. The Standards for Reporting Qualitative Studies Checklist (S1 File) ensured study rigour.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Twenty students from three Irish universities participated (mean age 23.8 years). The four key themes identified were (i) Migraine Characteristics, (ii) Migraine Self-Management, (iii) Migraine Clinical Management, and (iii) Migraine Impacts. Migraine was described as not just a headache but a debilitating sensory experience. A notable high level of self-management satisfaction indicated hopeful coping strategies. However, many participants said medications were ineffective and had side effects, and clinical management could be improved. Additionally, there was a marked academic and social impact of migraine, psychological issues abounded, and several participants worried about finances.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Migraine is impactful in a cohort of students attending Irish third-level institutions, with students carrying a wide range of debilitating migraine burdens. Students demonstrate an attitude of resilience and determination despite these challenges. Migraine awareness and education campaigns on university campuses are warranted.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0305643","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,23]],"date-time":"2024-08-23T18:09:52Z","timestamp":1724436592000},"page":"e0305643","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A qualitative exploration of migraine in students attending Irish Universities"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-8972-8243","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Orla","family":"Flynn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Blake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brona M.","family":"Fullen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0305643.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-021-00328-4","article-title":"Migraine (Primer).","volume":"8","author":"MD Ferrari","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers."},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0305643.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(18)30085-1","article-title":"International classification of headache disorders","volume":"17","author":"J. 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Migraine remains second among the world\u2019s causes of disability, and first among young women: findings from GBD2019","volume":"21","author":"TJ Steiner","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0305643.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-019-0993-0","article-title":"A narrative review on the burden of migraine: when the burden is the impact on people\u2019s life.","volume":"20","author":"M Leonardi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"key":"pone.0305643.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1129926","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2023.1129926","article-title":"Living with migraine: A meta-synthesis of qualitative studies.","volume":"14","author":"S Battista","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Psychol."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0305643.ref009","first-page":"1","article-title":"Real-World experience of interictal burden and treatment in migraine: a qualitative interview study.","volume":"23","author":"SH Lo","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0305643.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1177\/204946371000400102","article-title":"Insights into pain: a review of qualitative research.","volume":"4","author":"M Osborn","year":"2010","journal-title":"Rev Pain"},{"key":"pone.0305643.ref011","author":"British Pain Society","year":"2014","journal-title":"In: British Pain Society Media Resources [Internet]."},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0305643.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.3109\/09638288.2012.709304","article-title":"\u201cIt\u2019s a balance between letting it influence life completely and not letting it influence life at all\u201d\u2013a qualitative study of migraine prevention from patients\u2019 perspective.","volume":"35","author":"E Varkey","year":"2013","journal-title":"Disabil Rehabil."},{"key":"pone.0305643.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1007\/s10194-005-0144-7","article-title":"The patients\u2019 perceptions of migraine and chronic daily headache: a qualitative study.","volume":"6","author":"M Peters","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"key":"pone.0305643.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1177\/1525822X16639015","article-title":"How many focus groups are enough? 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