{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T06:15:47Z","timestamp":1791526547370,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,19]],"date-time":"2024-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724025600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Transfusion-transmissible infections (TTIs) remain a major public health problem in countries with limited resources, particularly in Gabon. Complete information on the prevalence in Gabon of the main TTIs among blood donors is still lacking in the national context. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with TTIs among blood donors in Gabon.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This systematic review and meta-analysis was reported in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. It was the result of data from several comprehensive studies published between 2014 and 2022, the purpose of which focused on the prevalence and factors associated with TTIs among blood donors in Gabon. The quality of the articles was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist for studies reporting prevalence data. The overall prevalence of TTIs among blood donors was determined using the random effects model. Heterogeneity between studies was assessed using I<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> statistics. Publication bias was assessed by visual inspection of the funnel plot and Egger\u2019s statistics.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A total of 175,140 blood donors from the nine eligible studies were admitted to this study. The combined prevalence of HIV, HBV, HCV and syphilis obtained in the random effects model was 3.0%, 6.0%, 4.0% and 3.0%, respectively. Moreover, being a male blood donor and aged between 25 and 44 years was significantly associated with HBV infection and being a female blood donor and aged 35 years and over was significantly associated with HIV infection. Family or replacement blood donors had a high infection burden for all four TTIs of study.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The overall prevalence of transfusion-transmissible infections remains high in the country\u2019s blood banks. Improving current prevention (selection criteria) and screening strategies may be necessary in a global approach.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0307101","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,19]],"date-time":"2024-08-19T17:44:48Z","timestamp":1724089488000},"page":"e0307101","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Prevalence and factors associated with transfusion-transmissible infections (HIV, HBV, HCV and Syphilis) among blood donors in Gabon: Systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8367-5497","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Christian","family":"Mangala","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denis","family":"Maulot-Bangola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alain","family":"Moutsinga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Serge Christian","family":"Okolongo-Mayani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gwladys Esmeralda","family":"Matsomo-Kombet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mireille","family":"Moundanga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Mombo-Maganga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alfred Keith Felix","family":"Mabika-Obanda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Fokam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0307101.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2021.01.007","article-title":"Challenges in transfusion-transmitted infection screening in Sub-Saharan Africa","volume":"28","author":"D Candotti","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transfusion Clinique et Biologique [Internet]."},{"key":"pone.0307101.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.9734\/ISRR\/2021\/v10i230129","article-title":"Residual Risk of HIV in African Transfusional Setting: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","author":"C Mangala","year":"2021","journal-title":"International STD Research & Reviews [Internet]."},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0307101.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0249061","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0249061","article-title":"Transfusion-Transmitted Infections and associated risk factors at the Northern Zone Blood Transfusion Center in Tanzania: A study of blood donors between 2017 and 2019.","volume":"16","author":"A Mremi","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLOS ONE [Internet]."},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0307101.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1633","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens10121633","article-title":"Transfusion Transmissible Infections in Blood Donors in the Province of Bi\u00e9, Angola, during a 15-Year Follow-Up, Imply the Need for Pathogen Reduction Technologies.","volume":"10","author":"LB Peliganga","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pathogens [Internet]."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0307101.ref005","article-title":"Prevalence and trends of transfusion transmissible infections among blood donors in the State of Qatar, 2013\u20132017.","volume":"20","author":"M Aabdien","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Infectious Diseases [Internet]."},{"key":"pone.0307101.ref006","volume-title":"Blood safety and availability [Internet]:","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2023"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0307101.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ofz283","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofz283","article-title":"Transfusion-Transmitted Malaria: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","volume":"6","author":"E Ahmadpour","year":"2019","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis."},{"key":"pone.0307101.ref008","article-title":"Tendances des maladies infectieuses transmissibles par le sang dans un centre rural de don de sang du sud-est du Gabon (Koula-Moutou).","volume":"31","author":"C Bisseye","year":"2018","journal-title":"Revue m\u00e9dicale panafricaine [Internet]."},{"issue":"0","key":"pone.0307101.ref009","first-page":"0","article-title":"Prevalence of transfusion transmissible infections and associated factors among healthy blood donors in North Indian population\u2013 4-year experience of licensed blood bank at tertiary care hospital.","volume":"0","author":"V Rana","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Marine Medical Society [Internet]."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0307101.ref010","article-title":"Seroprevalence of transfusion-transmissible infections among blood donors at National Blood Transfusion Service, Eritrea: a seven-year retrospective study.","volume":"18","author":"N Siraj","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Infectious Diseases [Internet]."},{"issue":"17","key":"pone.0307101.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1854","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2018-11-833996","article-title":"Prevention of transfusion-transmitted infections","volume":"133","author":"MP Busch","year":"2019","journal-title":"Blood [Internet]."},{"key":"pone.0307101.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119129431.ch15","article-title":"Transfusion\u2010Transmitted Infections.","volume":"10","author":"RY Dodd","year":"2017","journal-title":"Practical Transfusion Medicine [Internet]."},{"key":"pone.0307101.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119719809.ch44","article-title":"Transfusion\u2010transmitted viral infections (TTVIs).","volume":"10","author":"EA Gehrie","year":"2022","journal-title":"Rossi\u2019s Principles of Transfusion Medicine [Internet]."},{"key":"pone.0307101.ref014","first-page":"4","article-title":"Prevention of Transfusion-Transmitted Infections: Dilemmas","volume":"12","author":"HL Zaaijer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Frontiers in Medicine [Internet]."},{"key":"pone.0307101.ref015","article-title":"Prevalence and associated risk factors of transfusion transmissible infections among blood donors at Regional Blood Transfusion Center Nakuru and Tenwek Mission Hospital, Kenya.","volume":"34","author":"G Bartonjo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pan African Medical Journal [Internet]."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0307101.ref016","article-title":"Genetic diversity of the human immunodeficiency virus of type 1 in Gabonese transfusional settings","volume":"23","author":"C Mangala","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Infectious Diseases [Internet]."},{"key":"pone.0307101.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119013020.ch51","article-title":"Transfusion-transmitted virus infections (TTVIs).","volume":"15","author":"E Seifried","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rossi\u2019s Principles of Transfusion Medicine [Internet]."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0307101.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.14949","article-title":"Blood transfusion safety in sub\u2010Saharan Africa: A literature review of changes and challenges in the 21st century","volume":"59","author":"A Weimer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transfusion [Internet]."},{"key":"pone.0307101.ref019","article-title":"Updating guidance for reporting systematic reviews: Development of the PRISMA 2020 statement","author":"MJ Page","year":"2020","journal-title":"Center for Open Science"},{"key":"pone.0307101.ref020","first-page":"S312","volume-title":"Value in health.","author":"J Tetzlaff","year":"2020"},{"key":"pone.0307101.ref021","author":"JBI","journal-title":"The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal tools for use in JBI Systematic Reviews: Checklist for Analytical Cross Sectional Studies 2016"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0307101.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1097\/XEB.0000000000000054","article-title":"Methodological guidance for systematic reviews of observational epidemiological studies reporting prevalence and incidence data.","volume":"13","author":"Z Munn","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Evid Based Healthc"},{"key":"pone.0307101.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-2456(86)90046-2","article-title":"Meta-analysis in clinical trials.","volume":"7","author":"R DerSimonian","year":"1986","journal-title":"Control Clin Trials"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0307101.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1539","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.1186","article-title":"Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta-analysis.","volume":"21","author":"J Higgins","year":"2002","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0307101.ref025","first-page":"330","article-title":"The risk of transfusion-transmitted viral infections at the Gabonese National Blood Transfusion Centre.","volume":"12","author":"LK Rerambiah","year":"2014","journal-title":"Blood transfusion"},{"key":"pone.0307101.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10783","DOI":"10.4314\/jab.v110i1.8","article-title":"S\u00e9ropr\u00e9valence du virus de l\u2019immunod\u00e9ficience humaine, des virus des h\u00e9patites B et C et de Treponema pallidum chez les donneurs de sang dans une zone rurale au sud-est Gabon (Koula-Moutou).","volume":"110","author":"J Tonda","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Biosciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0307101.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.4314\/ijbcs.v11i1.27","article-title":"Caract\u00e9ristiques sociod\u00e9mographiques associ\u00e9es au risque de transmission du VIH, du VHC et de Treponema pallidum par les donneurs de sang de premier don de Libreville (Gabon): dynamique trisannuelle des infections de 2009 \u00e0 2015.","volume":"11","author":"JM Eko Mba","year":"2017","journal-title":"International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0307101.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0194285","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0194285","article-title":"Prevalent hepatitis B surface antigen among first-time blood donors in Gabon","volume":"13","author":"JM Eko Mba","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLOS ONE [Internet]."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0307101.ref029","article-title":"Trends of blood-borne infectious diseases in a rural blood donation center of southeast Gabon (Koula-Moutou).","volume":"31","author":"C Bisseye","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pan African Medical Journal"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0307101.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.18502\/sjms.v13i1.1685","article-title":"ABO, rhesus blood groups and transfusion-transmitted infections among blood donors","volume":"13","author":"CD Ngassaki-Yoka","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gabon. Sudan Journal of Medical Sciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0307101.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-019-6489-7","article-title":"Decline in the seroprevalence of syphilis markers among first-time blood donors in Libreville (Gabon) between 2004 and 2016","volume":"19","author":"C Bisseye","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0307101.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.9734\/ISRR\/2021\/v10i230128","article-title":"Seroprevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Type 1 in Donors of the National Blood Transfusion Center of Libreville (Gabon).","volume":"10","author":"C Mangala","year":"2021","journal-title":"International STD Research & Reviews"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0307101.ref033","first-page":"5","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors of Hepatitis B virus infection among blood donors in Gabonese National Blood Transfusion Center: A cross-sectional and analytic study","volume":"13","author":"D Maulot-Bangola","year":"2021","journal-title":"International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0307101.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2021.05.011","article-title":"Trends in serological markers of transfusion transmissible infections in blood donations at the Bamenda Hospital-based Blood Service, Cameroon.","volume":"28","author":"M Samje","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transfusion Clinique et Biologique [Internet]."},{"issue":"05","key":"pone.0307101.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22283","DOI":"10.18535\/jmscr\/v5i5.163","article-title":"Trend of Seroprevalence of Transfusion Transmissible Infections among Donors of a Blood Bank in a Tertiary Care Centre in Kolkata","volume":"05","author":"N. Doley","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Science And clinical Research [Internet]."},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0307101.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transci.2021.103132","article-title":"Seroprevalence and trends of transfusion transmissible infections among retrospective blood donors in Western Azerbaijan Regional Blood Transfusion Center, Iran: A ten-years evaluation.","volume":"60","author":"B Emadi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transfusion and Apheresis Science [Internet]."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0307101.ref037","article-title":"Seroprevalence of transfusion-transmissible infections (HBV, HCV, syphilis and HIV) among prospective blood donors in a tertiary health care facility in Calabar, Nigeria; an eleven years evaluation.","volume":"18","author":"HU Okoroiwu","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Public Health [Internet]."},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0307101.ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.13073","article-title":"High prevalence and poor linkage to care of transfusion\u2010transmitted infections among blood donors in Dar\u2010es\u2010Salaam, Tanzania","volume":"26","author":"Z Mohamed","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Viral Hepatitis [Internet]."},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0307101.ref039","first-page":"260","article-title":"Prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus in Iranian blood donors: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"H Musavi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arch Iran Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0307101.ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.4314\/ejhs.v26i2.9","article-title":"Seroprevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Hepatitis B Virus, Hepatitis C Virus, and Syphilis among Blood Donors at Jigjiga Blood Bank, Eastern Ethiopia.","volume":"26","author":"M Abate","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences [Internet]."},{"issue":"11\u201312","key":"pone.0307101.ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.2298\/MPNS1912346G","article-title":"A ten-year trend of human immunodeficiency virus infection in voluntary blood donors in the South Backa district of Vojvodina","volume":"72","author":"J Grujic","year":"2019","journal-title":"Medicinski pregled [Internet]."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0307101.ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0262990","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0262990","article-title":"Increased prevalence of transfusion-transmitted diseases among people with tattoos: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"17","author":"SH Lim","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLOS ONE [Internet]."},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0307101.ref043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e050164","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-050164","article-title":"Prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among pregnant women in Nigeria: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"13","author":"CO Ozim","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMJ Open [Internet]."},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0307101.ref044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3431","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.15515","article-title":"Prevalence of HIV infection among Chinese voluntary blood donors during 2010\u20102017: an updated systematic review and meta\u2010analysis.","volume":"59","author":"Y Yu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transfusion [Internet]."},{"key":"pone.0307101.ref045","article-title":"Sero-epidemiology and associated factors of HIV, HBV, HCV and syphilis among blood donors in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","author":"M Melku","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Infectious Diseases [Internet]."},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0307101.ref046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35664","DOI":"10.5812\/hepatmon.35664","article-title":"The HBsAg prevalence among blood donors from eastern Mediterranean and middle eastern countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"16","author":"M Babanejad","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hepat Mon"},{"issue":"04","key":"pone.0307101.ref047","article-title":"Prevalence and Associated Factors of Hepatitis B Virus Infection among Blood Donors in Debre Markos Blood Bank Centre, Northwest Ethiopia, 2018.","volume":"08","author":"Y Bialfew","year":"2018","journal-title":"Epidemiology: Open Access [Internet]."},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0307101.ref048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-020-04591-w","article-title":"Seroprevalence and factors associated with hepatitis B virus infection in blood donors in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"165","author":"RO Fite","year":"2020","journal-title":"Archives of Virology"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0307101.ref049","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis of HIV, HBV and HCV infection prevalence in Sudan","volume":"15","author":"MM Badawi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Virology Journal [Internet]."},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0307101.ref050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.5348\/ijbti-2017-33-OA-6","article-title":"Seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and human immunodeficiency virus among volunteer blood donors in the National Blood Transfusion Center of Lome.","volume":"7","author":"L Koboyo Nadjir","year":"2017","journal-title":"International Journal of Blood Transfusion and Immunohematology [Internet]."},{"key":"pone.0307101.ref051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-018-5432-7","article-title":"High prevalence of hepatitis B infections in Burkina Faso (1996\u20132017): a systematic review with meta-analysis of epidemiological studies.","volume":"18","author":"M Lingani","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0307101.ref052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.22-0711","article-title":"Prevalence of Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Sierra Leone, 1997\u20132022: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","volume":"109","author":"GA Yendewa","year":"2023","journal-title":"The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene [Internet]."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0307101.ref053","article-title":"Seroprevalence of hepatitis c virus infection among blood donors in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"21","author":"EA Lake","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Infectious Diseases [Internet]."},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0307101.ref054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1007\/s10389-018-0894-8","article-title":"Hepatitis B virus infection in the Democratic Republic of Congo: a systematic review of prevalence studies (2000\u20132016).","volume":"26","author":"TA Shindano","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Public Health [Internet]."},{"key":"pone.0307101.ref055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2016.06.017","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis of hepatitis C virus infection in the Democratic Republic of Congo","volume":"139","author":"BA Muzembo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Public Health [Internet]."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0307101.ref056","article-title":"Mass screening for hepatitis B and C in Southern Upper Egypt.","volume":"19","author":"G Soliman","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Public Health [Internet]."},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0307101.ref057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e015748","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-015748","article-title":"Seroprevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in Cameroon: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"7","author":"JJ Bigna","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ Open [Internet]."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0307101.ref058","article-title":"Seroprevalence and risk factors for HIV, HCV, HBV and syphilis among blood donors in Mali","volume":"19","author":"A Jary","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Infectious Diseases [Internet]."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0307101.ref059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.4103\/0253-7184.196887","article-title":"Prevalence and trends of hepatitis B virus, Hepatitis C virus, Human immunodeficiency virus 1, 2 and syphilis infections among blood donors in a regional transfusion center in Punjab, India: A 3 years study.","volume":"41","author":"S Kumari","year":"2020","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS [Internet]."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0307101.ref060","article-title":"Seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B and C viruses, and Treponema pallidum infections among blood donors at Shiyan, Central China.","volume":"16","author":"S Yang","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Infectious Diseases [Internet]."},{"key":"pone.0307101.ref061","article-title":"Prevalence of Syphilis Infections among the Iranian Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","author":"F Esmaeilzadeh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Public Health [Internet]."},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0307101.ref062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens11070726","article-title":"Prevalence of Transfusion-Transmitted Infections (HCV, HIV, Syphilis and Malaria) in Blood Donors: A Large-Scale Cross-Sectional Study.","volume":"11","author":"T Alharazi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pathogens [Internet]."},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0307101.ref063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1363","DOI":"10.15537\/smj.2022.43.12.20220634","article-title":"Prevalence of transfusion-transmitted infections in Saudi Arabia blood donors","volume":"43","author":"J Alsughayyir","year":"2022","journal-title":"Saudi Medical Journal [Internet]."},{"issue":"Supplement 1","key":"pone.0307101.ref064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2020-137088","article-title":"A Systematic Review of Transfusion Transmissible Infections Among Blood Donors and Associated Safety Challenges in Pakistan","volume":"136","author":"H Ehsan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Blood [Internet]."},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0307101.ref065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.23880\/hij-16000188","article-title":"Prevalence of Transfusion-Transmissible Infections and Associated Risk Factors among Blood Donors in Bamenda, Cameroon.","volume":"5","author":"A. LE","year":"2021","journal-title":"Haematology International Journal [Internet]."},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0307101.ref066","article-title":"Seroprevalence of Transfusion Transmissible Infections among Blood Donors at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in Central India.","volume":"6","author":"AV Varma","year":"2019","journal-title":"International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [IJCMR] [Internet]."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0307101.ref067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A82","DOI":"10.21276\/APALM.1674","article-title":"Seroprevalence of Transfusion Transmitted Infections among blood donors in a Tertiary care Hospital in Andhra Pradesh","volume":"5","author":"CRS Begum","year":"2018","journal-title":"Annals of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine [Internet]."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0307101.ref068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.21608\/ha.2017.1241.1009","article-title":"Seroprevalence of HCV, HBV, HIV and syphilis among blood donors at Beni-Seuf University Hospital blood bank","volume":"8","author":"N Ismail","year":"2018","journal-title":"Human Andrology [Internet]."},{"key":"pone.0307101.ref069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.4314\/mmj.v31i2.3","article-title":"Seroprevalence and trends in transfusion transmissible infections among voluntary non-remunerated blood donors at the Malawi Blood Transfusion Service-a time trend study","volume":"31","author":"B. M\u2019baya","year":"2019","journal-title":"Malawi Medical Journal"},{"key":"pone.0307101.ref070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-019-3950-2","article-title":"Seroprevalence of transfusion transmissible viral infections (HIV, HBV and HCV) among voluntary blood donors at University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Gondar; Northwest Ethiopia.","volume":"19","author":"A Tigabu","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"pone.0307101.ref071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1186\/s12878-016-0068-2","article-title":"Prevalence of transfusion transmissible infections in blood donors of Pakistan","volume":"16","author":"A Arshad","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Hematology"},{"key":"pone.0307101.ref072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0180416","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0180416","article-title":"Transfusion-transmissible viral infections among blood donors at the North Gondar district blood","volume":"12","author":"B Biadgo","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"pone.0307101.ref073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2134","DOI":"10.1093\/labmed\/lmw003","article-title":"Prevalence of Transfusion-Transmissible Infections in Donors to an Ethiopian Blood Bank Between 2009 and 2013 and Donation.","volume":"47","author":"M. Birhaneselassie","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lab Medicine"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0307101","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,19]],"date-time":"2024-08-19T17:45:28Z","timestamp":1724089528000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0307101"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Luisa","family":"Gregori","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,19]]},"references-count":73,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,19]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0307101","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,19]]}}}