{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T23:29:24Z","timestamp":1783380564709,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,18]],"date-time":"2024-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721260800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000057","name":"NIH-National Institute of General Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["T32GM008638"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32GM008638"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRI) widely used in the treatment of depression, anxiety, obsessive compulsive disorder, fibromyalgia, and migraine are among the most heavily prescribed drug class in the United States (US). Along with an overall rise in SSRI use, these medications are increasingly used by pregnant individuals and recent preclinical and clinical studies have indicated that SSRIs may increase the prevalence of congenital abnormalities and birth defects of the craniofacial region. Our group has developed pre-clinical models of study, including those that mimic the clinical use of SSRI in mice. Here we designed a study to interrogate a commonly prescribed SSRI drug, Citalopram, for its effects on craniofacial and dental development when introduced <jats:italic>in utero<\/jats:italic>. Pre-natal exposure to a clinically relevant dose of citalopram resulted in changes in craniofacial form identified by an increase in endocast volume in SSRI exposed postnatal day 15 mouse pups. More specifically, cranial length and synchondrosis length increased in SSRI exposed pups as compared to control pups of the same age. Additionally, growth center (synchondrosis) height and width and palate length and width decreased in SSRI exposed pups as compared to control un-exposed pups. Effects of SSRI on the molars was minimal. Craniofacial growth and development continue to be an area of interest in the investigation of <jats:italic>in utero<\/jats:italic> pharmaceutical drug exposure. Altogether these data indicate that prenatal SSRI exposure affects craniofacial form in multiple tissues and specifically at growth sites and centers of the skull.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0307134","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,18]],"date-time":"2024-07-18T17:32:01Z","timestamp":1721323921000},"page":"e0307134","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors affect craniofacial structures in a mouse model"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Quinn N.","family":"Saluan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George R.","family":"Bauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heema","family":"Vyas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amr","family":"Mohi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily L.","family":"Durham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8512-7005","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"James J.","family":"Cray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"334","key":"pone.0307134.ref001","first-page":"1","article-title":"Prescription Drug Use in the United States, 2015\u20132016.","author":"CB Martin","year":"2019","journal-title":"NCHS Data Brief."},{"issue":"377","key":"pone.0307134.ref002","first-page":"1","article-title":"Antidepressant Use Among Adults: United States, 2015\u20132018.","author":"DJ Brody","year":"2020","journal-title":"NCHS Data Brief."},{"issue":"76","key":"pone.0307134.ref003","first-page":"1","article-title":"Antidepressant use in persons aged 12 and over: United States, 2005\u20132008.","author":"LA Pratt","year":"2011","journal-title":"NCHS Data Brief."},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0307134.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1097\/FPC.0b013e32833132cb","article-title":"Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors pathway","volume":"19","author":"K Sangkuhl","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pharmacogenet Genomics"},{"issue":"26","key":"pone.0307134.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2684","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa066584","article-title":"National Birth Defects Prevention S. 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