{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T20:29:45Z","timestamp":1780432185811,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,29]],"date-time":"2024-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724889600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Deanship of Scientific Research, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Funded this research through Vice Deanship of Scientific Research Chair"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Colon cancer (CC) is a significant cause of death worldwide, particularly in Saudi Arabia. To increase the accuracy of diagnosis and treatment, it is important to discover new specific biomarkers for CC. The main objectives of this research are to identify potential specific biomarkers for the early diagnosis of CC by analyzing the expressions of eight cancer testis (CT) genes, as well as to analyze how epigenetic mechanisms control the expression of these genes in CC cell lines. Tissue samples were collected from 15 male patients with CC tissues and matched NC tissues for gene expression analysis. The expression levels of specific CT genes, including <jats:italic>ADAD1<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>DMRTC2<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>PRSS54<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>SYCE1<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>SYCP1<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>TEX101<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>TEX48<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>TMPRSS12<\/jats:italic>, were assessed using quantitative techniques. To validate the gene expression patterns, we used publicly available CC statistics. To investigate the effect of inhibition of DNA methylation and histone deacetylation on CT gene expression, <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> experiments were performed using HCT116 and Caco-2 cell lines. There was no detected expression of the genes neither in the patient samples nor in NC tissues, except for <jats:italic>TEX48<\/jats:italic>, which exhibited upregulation in CC samples compared to NC tissues in online datasets. Notably, CT genes showed expression in testis samples. <jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic>, experiments demonstrated significant enhancement in mRNA expression levels of <jats:italic>ADAD1<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>DMRTC2<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>PRSS54<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>SYCE1<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>SYCP1<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>TEX101<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>TEX48<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>TMPRSS12<\/jats:italic> following treatment with 5-aza-2\u2019-deoxycytidine and trichostatin A in HCT116 and Caco-2 cell lines. Epigenetic treatments modify the expression of CT genes, indicating that these genes can potentially be used as biomarkers for CC. The importance of conducting further research to understand and target epigenetic mechanisms to improve CC treatment cannot be overemphasized.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0307724","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,29]],"date-time":"2024-08-29T19:33:30Z","timestamp":1724960010000},"page":"e0307724","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Differential expression and regulation of ADAD1, DMRTC2, PRSS54, SYCE1, SYCP1, TEX101, TEX48, and TMPRSS12 gene profiles in colon cancer tissues and their in vitro response to epigenetic drugs"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0337-6412","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mikhlid H.","family":"Almutairi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Turki M.","family":"Alrubie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7242-3836","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alaa T.","family":"Alshareeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nada","family":"Albarakati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5906-6544","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alhomidi","family":"Almotiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3045-1350","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Abdullah M.","family":"Alamri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bader O.","family":"Almutairi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Alanazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,29]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0307724.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1007\/s12032-014-0285-0","article-title":"Melanoma-associated antigen genes: a new trend to predict the prognosis of breast cancer patients","volume":"31","author":"E.A. 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