{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T03:02:33Z","timestamp":1787022153547,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,3]],"date-time":"2024-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725321600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2019\/14229-6 and 2022\/16828-7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019\/14229-6 and 2022\/16828-7"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Technologic","award":["306577\/2020-8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["306577\/2020-8"]}]},{"name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Technologic","award":["304142\/2023-9"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["304142\/2023-9"]}]},{"name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Technologic","award":["310491\/2021-5"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["310491\/2021-5"]}]},{"name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior \u2013 Brasil (CAPES","award":["88887.818185\/2023-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["88887.818185\/2023-00"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess the effectiveness of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) employing an annatto-based (20%) dye combined with blue LED for the treatment of halitosis in mouth-breathing children.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fifty-two children six to twelve years of age with diagnoses of mouth breathing and halitosis (score of \u2265 3 on portable breath meter) Breath Alert\u2122 (Tanita Corporation\u00ae-Japan), were randomly allocated to two groups (n = 26). Group 1: brushing, dental floss and aPDT applied to middle third of the dorsum of the tongue. Group 2: brushing, dental floss and tongue scraper. Breath meter results before, immediately after treatment as well as seven and 30 days after treatment were compared. The hypothesis of normality in the data was discarded by the Shapiro-Wilk test (p &lt; 0.05) and for statistical analysis the Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests were used.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A significant difference was found between the pre-treatment reading and all other readings (p &lt; 0.05) in both groups, suggesting the effectiveness of the proposed treatments. No significant difference was found between the post-treatment reading and two follow-up readings, suggesting the maintenance of the effect of treatment over time (p &gt; 0.05). However, significant differences were found between groups for all post-treatment assessments (p &lt; 0.0001 for all comparisons), indicating greater effectiveness with aPDT. No association was found between the initial reading and the presence of coated tongue.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy using annatto and blue LED proved to be a viable therapeutic option for the treatment of halitosis in mouth-breathing children.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0307957","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,3]],"date-time":"2024-09-03T13:30:42Z","timestamp":1725370242000},"page":"e0307957","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Assessment of photodynamic therapy with annatto and led for the treatment of halitosis in mouth-breathing children: Randomized controlled clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7708-5186","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Laura Hermida","family":"Bruno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda Rafaelly Hon\u00f3rio","family":"Mandetta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6846-6574","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ana Paula Taboada","family":"Sobral","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcela Leticia","family":"Leal Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elaine Marcilio","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Laura","family":"Fossati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juliana Maria Altavista Sagretti","family":"Gallo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pamella de Barros","family":"Motta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro Melo","family":"Deana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna Carolina Ratto Tempestini","family":"Horliana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lara Jansiski","family":"Motta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raquel Agnelli Mesquita","family":"Ferrari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristianne Porta","family":"Santos Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9853-1138","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sandra","family":"Kalil Bussadori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0307957.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.1952.0099","article-title":"Mouth breathing. 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