{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T21:06:02Z","timestamp":1788987962755,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]],"date-time":"2024-10-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729209600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018688","name":"Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020704DCC-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020704DCC-00"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018688","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation (NRF) of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2021M3E5D1A02015171"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021M3E5D1A02015171"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002560","name":"Soonchunhyang University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["10210052"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["10210052"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002560","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The incidence of healthcare-associated infections, particularly injection-related infections, can increase patient comorbidities even in countries with adequate medical resources. Although there are clear guidelines for injection practices to prevent infections, their application in clinical settings is insufficient. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify factors affecting injection practices associated with reduced infections by conducting surveys targeting practicing healthcare providers involved in administering injections at each healthcare organization and performing data analysis.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>We administered a survey to healthcare providers responsible for injection practices at each healthcare organization that included items related to infection-safe injection practice guidelines. All survey questions were reviewed by an expert panel of infectious disease and infection control nurses. Survey contents were subjected to exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis, and multivariable robust regression tests to determine the impact of each factor and their correlations.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A total of 842 questionnaires were analyzed. Each questionnaire was classified into four factors: reuse and contamination, compliance with aseptic technique, exchange of infusion set, and use of multidose vials. Nurses with higher careers showed more compliance. Education within one year and awareness of each item of the questionnaire had positive associations with proper injection practice.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Education is thought to be the most important factor in good injection practices that could reduce infections. Relevant knowledge through timely training is expected to have a positive impact on performance and compliance related to safe injections.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0308567","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]],"date-time":"2024-10-18T17:21:21Z","timestamp":1729272081000},"page":"e0308567","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Latent factors affecting safer injection practices that can reduce infections and how education can improve them"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Jung Wan","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samel","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eunjung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tark","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eu Suk","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bongyoung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"So Yeon","family":"Yoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Su Ha","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2920-9038","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tae Hyong","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0308567.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2016.03.010","article-title":"Trends in mortality, length of stay, and hospital charges associated with health care-associated infections, 2006\u20132012","volume":"44","author":"S Glied","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Infect Control"},{"issue":"19","key":"pone.0308567.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S14","DOI":"10.12968\/bjon.2008.17.Sup8.31470","article-title":"Strategies for preventing peripheral intravenous cannula infection","volume":"17","author":"W Morris","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br J Nurs"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0308567.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e91713","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0091713","article-title":"Bloodstream infections in community hospitals in the 21st century: a multicenter cohort study","volume":"9","author":"D. 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Standard Prevention Guidelines for Healthcare-associated infection. 2017. URL: https:\/\/www.kdca.go.kr\/board.es?.mid=a20507020000&bid=0019&act=view&list_no=138061."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0308567.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.14371\/QIH.2019.25.1.52","article-title":"Medication injection safety awareness and practices among health service providers in Korea","volume":"25","author":"H-I Lee","year":"2019","journal-title":"Quality Improvement in Health Care"},{"key":"pone.0308567.ref013","unstructured":"Ministry of Health and Welfare. Guidelines for the safe use of injections 2010. 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