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We conducted web-based surveys among academic scientists and applied machine learning techniques to model behaviors during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Using model-agnostic explanations, we identified the determinants of research publication quality across 66 activity models. These models reflect the variety of behaviors among academic scientists during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Our two-fold perspective distinguishes between research activities of academic scientists who increase research publication quality and those who maintain it. Notably, our findings reveal a diversity within activity models in shaping research publication quality. Academic institutions can apply our approach to analyze research staff behavior, stimulate activities, and ensure alignment with institutional objectives, thereby fostering individual and team complementarity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0308952","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,14]],"date-time":"2025-01-14T18:38:03Z","timestamp":1736879883000},"page":"e0308952","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A twofold perspective on the quality of research publications: The use of ICTs and research activity models"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7273-6357","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jolanta","family":"Wartini-Twardowska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalia Paulina","family":"Twardowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0308952.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101065","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joi.2020.101065","article-title":"Predicting publication productivity for researchers: A piecewise Poisson model.","volume":"14","author":"Z. 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