{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T17:35:45Z","timestamp":1789839345594,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,19]],"date-time":"2024-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724025600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The current study examined whether coping strategies and symptoms of Adjustment Disorder in adults with ADHD differed from what was observed in the general adult population during the Covid-19 pandemic, and compared the extent to which coping strategies and symptom levels of Adjustment Disorder were related to ADHD.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This cross-sectional study was based on survey data collected during the spring of 2021 from 231 adult ADHD patients in specialist care and 1148 volunteers without ADHD in Sweden. The survey included questions about sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, along with the Brief-COPE and Adjustment Disorder\u2013New Module 8 questionnaires. Regression models adjusting for sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were used for between-group comparisons of coping strategies and symptoms of Adjustment Disorder.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>There were some notable differences in the use of coping strategies between persons with and without ADHD; however, many of these differences were not observed in the adjusted models. The use of behavioral disengagement was more frequently observed among individuals with ADHD, whereas planning was more common among individuals without ADHD. Individuals with ADHD appeared to show higher symptom levels of Adjustment Disorder during the pandemic. Passive coping strategies, such as denial, self-blame, and behavioral disengagement, were associated with higher symptom levels of adjustment disorder in both individuals with and without ADHD.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>In conclusion, the results highlight that persons with ADHD may need more support to adjust to large societal changes than the general public. Potential targets for intervention towards members of this group include reducing resignation and maladaptive coping strategies.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0309082","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,19]],"date-time":"2024-08-19T17:34:31Z","timestamp":1724088871000},"page":"e0309082","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Coping strategies and symptoms of Adjustment Disorder among adults with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) during the Covid-19 pandemic"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-9148-7734","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Katarina","family":"Danielsson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filip K.","family":"Arnberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristina","family":"Bondjers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"pone.0309082.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S104","DOI":"10.21037\/tp.2019.09.08","article-title":"Attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder: Diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, risk factors and evaluation in youth","volume":"9","author":"MDI Cabral","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transl Pediatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0309082.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1007\/s12402-016-0208-3","article-title":"The descriptive epidemiology of DSM-IV Adult ADHD in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys","volume":"9","author":"J Fayyad","year":"2017","journal-title":"Atten Defic Hyperact Disord"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0309082.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1177\/1087054712459558","article-title":"Perceived stress and ADHD symptoms in adults","volume":"19","author":"MA Combs","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Attention Disorders"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0309082.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2008.01.016","article-title":"Physiological and psychological stress responses in adults with attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)","volume":"33","author":"H Lackschewitz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0309082.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-014-0544-9","article-title":"The Pressure-Activation-Stress scale in relation to ADHD and cortisol","volume":"24","author":"J Isaksson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"pone.0309082.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.2147\/PRBM.S449369","article-title":"Problematic use of internet associates with poor quality of life via psychological distress in individuals with ADHD","volume":"17","author":"C-Y Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Psychol Res Behav Manag"},{"key":"pone.0309082.ref007","first-page":"04410","article-title":"Exploring mediational roles for self-stigma in associations between types of problematic use of internet and psychological distress in youth with ADHD","volume":"133","author":"K-Y Lee","year":"2023","journal-title":"Res Dev Disabil"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0309082.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.4103\/shb.shb_183_22","article-title":"Social trust and COVID-appropriate behavior: Learning from the pandemic","volume":"6","author":"B Kar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Asian J. 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