{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T04:57:45Z","timestamp":1788411465387,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PROCAD 21\/2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PROCAD 21\/2018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["310054\/2018-4, 447835\/2014-9, 483404\/2013-6, 444967\/2020-6, and 444982\/2020-5"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["310054\/2018-4, 447835\/2014-9, 483404\/2013-6, 444967\/2020-6, and 444982\/2020-5"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010688","name":"Instituto Nacional de Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia da Criosfera","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["406819\/2022-0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["406819\/2022-0"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010688","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005288","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Amaz\u00f4nia Paraense de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["005\/2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["005\/2016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005288","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Neuroplasticity is the central nervous system\u2019s (CNS) capacity to adapt to injuries or environmental changes. Biochemical neuroplasticity is one such adaptation that may occur in response to physical exercise (PE). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of PE on cerebellar biochemical neuroplasticity.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Following the PICO strategy, this review included in vivo studies with small rodents (Population) subjected to well-defined PE protocols (Intervention) and compared to non-exercised controls (Comparator) to assess cerebellar biochemical alterations (Outcome). Studies published between January 1976 and July 2024 without language restrictions were searched in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central databases. Data were synthesized through meta-analyses and methodological quality was assessed by the SYRCLE risk of bias tool.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Out of 3,107 records screened, six studies met the inclusion criteria for qualitative and quantitative analyses. All studies had a low or unclear risk of bias. Markers of biochemical neuroplasticity assessed included superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GR), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione disulphide (GSSG) and lipid peroxidation (LPO). Meta-analyses showed that moderate-volume PE significantly reduced LPO (SMD\u2009=\u2009\u22122.41; 95% CI: \u22123.89 to \u22120.93), while high-volume PE increased LPO (SMD\u2009=\u20094.55; 95% CI: 1.92 to 7.18). Low-intensity or low-volume PE did not significantly alter oxidative markers.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>PE induces either adaptive or maladaptive biochemical neuroplasticity in the cerebellum depending on protocol variables. While enzymatic activity responds to cellular changes and limits nervous tissue protection, adaptive biochemical neuroplasticity seems to confer greater resistance and efficiency.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0309259","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T17:30:20Z","timestamp":1754069420000},"page":"e0309259","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Biochemical neuroplasticity in the cerebellum after physical exercise: Systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Marcio Gon\u00e7alves","family":"Corr\u00eaa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thais Alves","family":"Lob\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3820-0131","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gabriel Mesquita da Concei\u00e7\u00e3o","family":"Bahia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erica Miranda Sanches","family":"Aires","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebeca da Costa","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3209-5679","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jeffeson Hildo","family":"Medeiros de Queiroz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta Chagas","family":"Monteiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3794-4710","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Carlomagno Pacheco","family":"Bahia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0309259.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-63521-1.00042-X","article-title":"Cellular and molecular neuronal plasticity","volume":"128","author":"GS Griesbach","year":"2015","journal-title":"Handb Clin Neurol"},{"key":"pone.0309259.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2024.103101","article-title":"Aerobic exercise attenuates LPS-induced cognitive dysfunction by reducing oxidative stress, glial activation, and neuroinflammation","volume":"71","author":"J-W Choi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Redox Biol"},{"key":"pone.0309259.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.08.037","article-title":"Stress-induced neuroplasticity: (Mal)adaptation to adverse life events in patients with PTSD \u2013 a critical overview","volume":"283","author":"S Deppermann","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0309259.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1177\/15459683211056662","article-title":"Upper limb motor improvement after traumatic brain injury: systematic review of interventions","volume":"36","author":"SK Subramanian","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurorehabil Neural Repair"},{"key":"pone.0309259.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.008","article-title":"13 reasons why the brain is susceptible to oxidative stress","volume":"15","author":"JN Cobley","year":"2018","journal-title":"Redox Biol"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0309259.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165778","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2020.165778","article-title":"Exercise, redox system and neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"1866","author":"H Quan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0309259.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1007\/s10571-014-0056-7","article-title":"Mitochondrial dysfunction in aging rat brain regions upon chlorpyrifos toxicity and cold stress: an interactive study","volume":"34","author":"PM Basha","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Mol Neurobiol"},{"issue":"43","key":"pone.0309259.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38269","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.2c00163","article-title":"Neuroprotective effects of natural antioxidants against branched-chain fatty acid-induced oxidative stress in cerebral cortex and cerebellum regions of the rat brain","volume":"7","author":"S Chaudhary","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0309259.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jbt.22681","article-title":"Ethanol exacerbates manganese-induced oxidative\/nitrosative stress, pro-inflammatory cytokines, nuclear factor-\u03baB activation, and apoptosis induction in rat cerebellar cortex","volume":"35","author":"KW Nkpaa","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Biochem Mol Toxicol"},{"key":"pone.0309259.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2020.00157","article-title":"Ultra-endurance associated with moderate exercise in rats induces cerebellar oxidative stress and impairs reactive GFAP isoform profile","volume":"13","author":"RF de Souza","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Mol Neurosci"},{"key":"pone.0309259.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2017.12.016","article-title":"Low-to-moderate intensity aerobic exercise training modulates irritable bowel syndrome through antioxidative and inflammatory mechanisms in women: results of a randomized controlled trial","volume":"102","author":"B Hajizadeh Maleki","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"key":"pone.0309259.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2415243","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/2415243","article-title":"Aerobic physical exercise as a neuroprotector strategy for ethanol binge-drinking effects in the hippocampus and systemic redox status in rats","volume":"2019","author":"D Pamplona-Santos","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oxid Med Cell Longev"},{"key":"pone.0309259.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2018.00667","article-title":"The effects of moderate physical exercise on adult cognition: a systematic review","volume":"9","author":"RM Fernandes","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"pone.0309259.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6802424","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/6802424","article-title":"Physical exercise attenuates oxidative stress and morphofunctional cerebellar damages induced by the ethanol binge drinking paradigm from adolescence to adulthood in rats","volume":"2019","author":"K Lamar\u00e3o-Vieira","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oxid Med Cell Longev"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0309259.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-1263(199709)17:5<329::AID-JAT452>3.0.CO;2-T","article-title":"Interaction of exercise training and chronic ethanol ingestion on antioxidant system of rat brain regions","volume":"17","author":"SM Somani","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Appl Toxicol"},{"key":"pone.0309259.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2007.10.012","article-title":"Effect of a neuroprotective exercise protocol on oxidative state and BDNF levels in the rat hippocampus","volume":"1188","author":"F Cechetti","year":"2008","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0309259.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1334","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e318213fefb","article-title":"American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Quantity and quality of exercise for developing and maintaining cardiorespiratory, musculoskeletal, and neuromotor fitness in apparently healthy adults: guidance for prescribing exercise","volume":"43","author":"CE Garber","year":"2011","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0309259.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1510","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e3181a0c95c","article-title":"American College of Sports medicine position stand. Exercise and physical activity for older adults","volume":"41","author":"American College of Sports Medicine","year":"2009","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0309259.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-020-04565-y","article-title":"Intraoperative neurophysiology of the cerebellum: a tabula rasa","volume":"36","author":"A D\u2019Amico","year":"2020","journal-title":"Childs Nerv Syst"},{"key":"pone.0309259.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2021.08.014","article-title":"Brain region specificity in reactive oxygen species production and maintenance of redox balance","volume":"174","author":"AY Vinokurov","year":"2021","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0309259.ref021","article-title":"Aging and low-intensity exercise change oxidative biomarkers in brain regions and radiographic measures of femur of Wistar rats","volume":"53","author":"EMS Silveira","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brazilian J Med Biol Res = Rev Bras Pesqui medicas e Biol"},{"key":"pone.0309259.ref022","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"MJ Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"pone.0309259.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-14-43","article-title":"SYRCLE\u2019s risk of bias tool for animal studies","volume":"14","author":"CR Hooijmans","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"pone.0309259.ref024","volume-title":"Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 6.5","author":"JPT Higgins","year":"2024"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0309259.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1177\/0145445516673998","article-title":"Intercoder reliability and validity of WebPlotDigitizer in extracting graphed data","volume":"41","author":"D Drevon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Behav Modif"},{"key":"pone.0309259.ref026","article-title":"When continuous outcomes are measured using different scales: guide for meta-analysis and interpretation","author":"MH Murad","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0309259.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1136\/eb-2013-101699","article-title":"How to assess publication bias: funnel plot, trim-and-fill method and selection models","volume":"17","author":"D Mavridis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Evid Based Ment Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0309259.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.20f13698","article-title":"Understanding the basics of meta-analysis and how to read a forest plot","volume":"81","author":"C Andrade","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0309259.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nutres.2015.05.007","article-title":"Quercetin supplementation does not enhance cerebellar mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative status in exercised rats","volume":"35","author":"RA Casuso","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nutr Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0309259.ref030","first-page":"539","article-title":"Diversity of endurance training effects on antioxidant defenses and oxidative damage in different brain regions of adolescent male rats","volume":"66","author":"M Chalimoniuk","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Physiol Pharmacol"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0309259.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2013.09.008","article-title":"Exercise Induces Hippocampal BDNF through a PGC-1\u03b1\/FNDC5 Pathway","volume":"18","author":"CD Wrann","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"pone.0309259.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2016.01.024","article-title":"Physical exercise, reactive oxygen species and neuroprotection","volume":"98","author":"Z Radak","year":"2016","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"pone.0309259.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2017.01.027","article-title":"Interoceptive modulation of neuroendocrine, emotional, and hypophagic responses to stress","volume":"176","author":"JW Maniscalco","year":"2017","journal-title":"Physiol Behav"},{"issue":"18","key":"pone.0309259.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4069","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2014.275867","article-title":"Forkhead BoxO transcription factors restrain exercise-induced angiogenesis","volume":"592","author":"D Slopack","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0309259.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.08.005","article-title":"Forkhead box, class O transcription factors in brain: regulation and behavioral manifestation","volume":"65","author":"A Polter","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0309259.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2009.09.014","article-title":"FoxO3 regulates neural stem cell homeostasis","volume":"5","author":"VM Renault","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0309259.ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.3390\/genes10090720","article-title":"Physical Activity and Brain Health","volume":"10","author":"CM Di Liegro","year":"2019","journal-title":"Genes (Basel)"},{"issue":"19","key":"pone.0309259.ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4270","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15194270","article-title":"Effects of regular exercise and intermittent fasting on neurotransmitters, inflammation, oxidative stress, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in cortex of ovariectomized rats","volume":"15","author":"T Albrahim","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0309259.ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(96)12745-2","article-title":"Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, but not neurotrophin-3, prevents ischaemia-induced neuronal cell death in organotypic rat hippocampal slice cultures","volume":"211","author":"AK Pringle","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0309259.ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1007\/s12017-013-8270-x","article-title":"BDNF and exercise enhance neuronal DNA repair by stimulating CREB-mediated production of apurinic\/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1","volume":"16","author":"J-L Yang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuromolecular Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0309259.ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1999.1125","article-title":"Transcriptional activation of apurinic\/apyrimidinic endonuclease (Ape, Ref-1) by oxidative stress requires CREB","volume":"261","author":"S Gr\u00f6sch","year":"1999","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"issue":"30","key":"pone.0309259.ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21242","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M800282200","article-title":"Brain-derived neurotrophic factor-tropomyosin-related kinase B signaling contributes to activity-dependent changes in synaptic proteins","volume":"283","author":"J-M Jia","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"pone.0309259.ref043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbabio.2008.05.010","article-title":"Sites of generation of reactive oxygen species in homogenates of brain tissue determined with the use of respiratory substrates and inhibitors","volume":"1777","author":"AP Kudin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"pone.0309259.ref044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4320(02)00094-5","article-title":"Oxidative stress and diabetes in pregnant rats","volume":"72","author":"DC Damasceno","year":"2002","journal-title":"Anim Reprod Sci"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0309259.ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2407","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20102407","article-title":"Chemical basis of reactive oxygen species reactivity and involvement in neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"20","author":"F Collin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0309259.ref046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-020-0230-3","article-title":"Reactive oxygen species (ROS) as pleiotropic physiological signalling agents","volume":"21","author":"H Sies","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0309259.ref047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibs.2010.04.002","article-title":"Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species regulate cellular signaling and dictate biological outcomes","volume":"35","author":"RB Hamanaka","year":"2010","journal-title":"Trends Biochem Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0309259.ref048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2007.04.004","article-title":"Exercise, oxidative stress and hormesis","volume":"7","author":"Z Radak","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0309259.ref049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1007\/s11892-017-0867-2","article-title":"The Janus head of oxidative stress in metabolic diseases and during physical exercise","volume":"17","author":"D Pesta","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Diab Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0309259.ref050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.3.1019","article-title":"Effect of ethanol on cytochrome P450 in the rat brain","volume":"91","author":"M Warner","year":"1994","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0309259.ref051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(90)90154-V","article-title":"Regional distribution of ethanol-inducible cytochrome P450 IIE1 in the rat central nervous system","volume":"34","author":"T Hansson","year":"1990","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0309259.ref052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.2174\/138920007782109797","article-title":"Brain metabolism of ethanol and alcoholism: an update","volume":"8","author":"L Hipolito","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr Drug Metab"},{"key":"pone.0309259.ref053","first-page":"39","article-title":"Alcohol-induced oxidative\/nitrosative stress alters brain mitochondrial membrane properties","volume":"375","author":"VD Reddy","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biochem"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0309259.ref054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1249\/00005768-199412000-00007","article-title":"Effect of swimming exercise and ethanol on rat liver P450-dependent monooxygenases","volume":"26","author":"CM Ardies","year":"1994","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"pone.0309259.ref055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2018.05.007","article-title":"Repeated cycles of binge-like ethanol exposure induce immediate and delayed neurobehavioral changes and hippocampal dysfunction in adolescent female rats","volume":"350","author":"LMP Fernandes","year":"2018","journal-title":"Behav Brain Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0309259.ref056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.2174\/1570159X14666160412150223","article-title":"The long run: neuroprotective effects of physical exercise on adult neurogenesis from youth to old age","volume":"15","author":"D Saraulli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Neuropharmacol"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0309259.ref057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jshs.2013.03.006","article-title":"Mitochondrial redox metabolism in aging: effect of exercise interventions","volume":"2","author":"H Bo","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Sport Health Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0309259.ref058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a029769","article-title":"Adaptations to endurance and strength training","volume":"8","author":"DC Hughes","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med"},{"key":"pone.0309259.ref059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2015.02.005","article-title":"Exercise and oxidative stress: potential effects of antioxidant dietary strategies in sports","volume":"31","author":"A Pingitore","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"pone.0309259.ref060","article-title":"Biomarkers Part II: biomarkers to estimate bioefficacy of dietary\/supplemental antioxidants in sport","volume-title":"Antioxidants Sport Nutr","author":"C Vassalle","year":"2015"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0309259.ref061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2006.07.001","article-title":"Free radicals and antioxidants in normal physiological functions and human disease","volume":"39","author":"M Valko","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Biochem Cell Biol"},{"key":"pone.0309259.ref062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2019.05.002","article-title":"Intervention with a combined physical exercise training to reduce oxidative stress of women over 40\u00a0years of age","volume":"123","author":"MP Mota","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp Gerontol"}],"container-title":["PLOS One"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0309259","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T17:30:36Z","timestamp":1754069436000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0309259"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Vara Prasad","family":"Saka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0309259","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]]}}}