{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T04:22:54Z","timestamp":1747196574653,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,16]],"date-time":"2024-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729036800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"\nIntroduction<\/jats:title>\nStunting is a height-for-age (Z-score) less than minus two standard deviations below the mean of reference standard. It is the most important sign of long-term chronic undernutrition and public health problem in Ethiopia. However, little information was known regarding determinants of stunting among adolescents since it had mostly been investigated in late infancy, especially among children under the age of five. Therefore, identifying determinants of stunting among adolescent girl is still crucial.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n\nObjective<\/jats:title>\nTo identify determinants of stunting among adolescent girls in schools of Digo Tsion Town, Northwest Ethiopia, 2022.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n\nMethods and materials<\/jats:title>\nCase-control study was conducted among 417 adolescent girls (104 cases and 313 controls) in schools of Digo Tsion Town with computer generated simple random sampling technique. World Health Organization Anthroplus 2007 software was used for analyzing anthropometrics data. Data was collected by epicollect5 mobile application through interview by using structured questionnaire. The data was entered in epi data 4.6 and exported into Statistical Package for Social Science version 26. Variables with p- value \u2264 0.25 in bivariable analysis were candidate for multivariable analysis. Model fitness was checked by Hosmer and Lemon Show fitness of test. Variables having a P-value < 0.05 in multivariable analysis were declared as statistically significant at 95% Cl. The result was presented by statement, figures, and tables.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n\nResults<\/jats:title>\nA total of 409 (100 cases and 309 controls) adolescent girls participated, with a response rate of 96% for cases and 98.72% for controls. Food insecurity (AOR = 2.13, CI [1.15, 3.93]), low dietary diversity score (AOR = 1.99, CI [1.06, 3.73]), drinking coffee\/tea immediately while eating meals (AOR = 2.19, CI [1.22, 3.95]), not getting nutritional counsel (AOR = 2.07, CI [1.17, 3.66]), chronic illness (AOR = 3.78, CI [1.16, 12.3]), and not visited by health extension workers at home (AOR = 1.85, CI [1.03, 3.31]) were statistically significant determinants of stunting.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n\nConclusion<\/jats:title>\nStunting among adolescents is influenced by a low dietary diversity score, a food-insecure household, drinking coffee or tea immediately while eating a meal, not receiving nutritional counseling, having a chronic illness, and not being visited by health extension workers at home. Future researchers would do better to undertake prospective studies. Health extension workers are better able to provide nutritional counsel for adolescent.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0309479","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,16]],"date-time":"2024-10-16T17:32:16Z","timestamp":1729099936000},"page":"e0309479","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Determinants of stunting among adolescent girls in schools of Digo Tsion Town, Northwest Ethiopia: Unmatched case control study"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-6928-7174","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ambaw Abebaw","family":"Emrie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Getasew","family":"Tesfa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yeneneh","family":"Ayalew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adugnaw Bantie","family":"Kebie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tamene Fetene","family":"Terefe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Agerie Aynalem","family":"Mewahegn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bogale","family":"Chekole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fisha Alebel","family":"GebreEyesus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Legese Fekede","family":"Abza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Selamsew Kindie","family":"Nega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,16]]},"reference":[{"volume-title":"Physical status: The use of and interpretation of anthropometry, Report of a WHO Expert Committee","year":"1995","author":"Organization, W.H.","key":"pone.0309479.ref001"},{"key":"pone.0309479.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nutres.2020.02.002","article-title":"Adherence to healthy diet is related to better linear growth with open growth plate in adolescent girls.","volume":"76","author":"M. Samadi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrition Research"},{"key":"pone.0309479.ref003","article-title":"Investing in a safe, healthy and productive transition from childhood to adulthood is critical.","author":"UNICEF","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adolescents overview; 2018"},{"journal-title":"Guideline: implementing effective actions for improving adolescent nutrition","year":"2018","author":"Organization, W.H.","key":"pone.0309479.ref004"},{"key":"pone.0309479.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100453","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gfs.2020.100453","article-title":"Measuring malnutrition in all its forms: An update of the net state of nutrition index to track the global burden of malnutrition at country level","volume":"26","author":"H. Luo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Global Food Security"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0309479.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e745","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(17)30204-8","article-title":"Double-duty actions for ending malnutrition within a decade","volume":"5","author":"C. Hawkes","year":"2017","journal-title":"The Lancet Global Health"},{"key":"pone.0309479.ref007","article-title":"Nutritional status of school going adolescent girls in Awash Town, Afar Region, Ethiopia.","author":"M. Kahssay","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Environmental and Public Health, 2020."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0309479.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-019-4160-0","article-title":"Chronic undernutrition (stunting) is detrimental to academic performance among primary schools of adolescent children: a randomized cross sectional survey in Southern Ethiopia.","volume":"12","author":"T. Wolde","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Research Notes"},{"key":"pone.0309479.ref009","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.unicef.org\/nutrition\/middle-childhood-and-adolescence. February, 2022."},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0309479.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1080\/20469047.2016.1230952","article-title":"Piecing together the stunting puzzle: a framework for attributable factors of child stunting.","volume":"37","author":"E. Mosites","year":"2017","journal-title":"Paediatrics and International Child Health"},{"journal-title":"A Comparison of International and National References to the Prevalence of Stunting in Pakistani School-age Girls","year":"2020","author":"A. Karim","key":"pone.0309479.ref011"},{"issue":"Supplement 1","key":"pone.0309479.ref012","article-title":"Determinants of adolescent shortness in Tanjungsari, West Java, Indonesia.","volume":"28","author":"E.P.S. Sasongko","year":"2019","journal-title":"Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0309479.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpam.2016.08.009","article-title":"Prevalence of undernutrition and associated factors: A cross-sectional study among rural adolescents in West Bengal, India","volume":"4","author":"A. Pal","year":"2017","journal-title":"International Journal of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine"},{"key":"pone.0309479.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100469","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2019.100469","article-title":"Explaining the fall of socioeconomic inequality in childhood stunting in Indonesia","volume":"9","author":"M.F. Rizal","year":"2019","journal-title":"SSM-population health"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0309479.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2018-001175","article-title":"How socioeconomic status moderates the stunting-age relationship in low-income and middle-income countries","volume":"4","author":"C. Bommer","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ Global Health"},{"key":"pone.0309479.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/4367145","article-title":"Undernutrition and associated factors among lactating women: Community-based cross-sectional study in Moyale District, Borena Zone, Southern Ethiopia.","volume":"2020","author":"H. Bekele","year":"2020","journal-title":"Advances in Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0309479.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-020-08769-4","article-title":"The evaluation of Suchana, a large-scale development program to prevent chronic undernutrition in north-eastern Bangladesh","volume":"20","author":"N. Choudhury","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0309479.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1080\/02673843.2017.1369889","article-title":"Optimal dietary practices and nutritional knowledge of school adolescent girls in Jimma Town, South West Ethiopia.","volume":"23","author":"Y. Melaku","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Adolescence and Youth"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0309479.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-020-4926-4","article-title":"Magnitude and associated factors of undernutrition (underweight and stunting) among school adolescent girls in Hawzen Woreda (District), Tigray regional state, Northern Ethiopia: cross-sectional study.","volume":"13","author":"K. Berhe","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Research Notes"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0309479.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0245528","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0245528","article-title":"Stunting at birth and associated factors among newborns delivered at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Referral Hospital.","volume":"16","author":"A.T. Gonete","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One,"},{"volume-title":"Sustainable Development Goals","year":"2019","author":"P. Katila","key":"pone.0309479.ref021"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0309479.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1177\/0379572115611768","article-title":"Multisector nutrition program governance and implementation in Ethiopia: opportunities and challenges.","volume":"36","author":"E. Kennedy","year":"2016","journal-title":"Food and nutrition bulletin"},{"key":"pone.0309479.ref023","article-title":"From Promise to Impact","author":"A.E.-I.P. Brief","year":"2019","journal-title":"Reducing Stunting in Ethiopia"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0309479.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1159\/000488865","article-title":"Adolescent undernutrition: global burden, physiology, and nutritional risks","volume":"72","author":"P. Christian","year":"2018","journal-title":"Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0309479.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s41043-021-00269-4","article-title":"Prevalence and associated factors of stunting and thinness among adolescent students in Finote Selam Town, Northwest Ethiopia.","volume":"40","author":"D. Kebede","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0309479.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0254166","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0254166","article-title":"Under nutrition and associated factors among adolescent girls attending school in the rural and urban districts of Debark, Northwest Ethiopia: A community-based comparative cross-sectional study","volume":"16","author":"T.G. Alemu","year":"2021","journal-title":"PloS one"},{"key":"pone.0309479.ref027","article-title":"Magnitude of Stunting and Associated Factors among Adolescent Students in Legehida District, Northeast Ethiopia","author":"W. Ashebir Kebede","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism, 2021."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0309479.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0240677","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0240677","article-title":"Undernutrition and its determinants among adolescent girls in low land area of Southern Ethiopia","volume":"16","author":"Y.H. Handiso","year":"2021","journal-title":"PloS one"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0309479.ref029","first-page":"1","article-title":"The science of food security","volume":"2","author":"M.B. Cole","year":"2018","journal-title":"npj Science of Food"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0309479.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/2055-0928-1-2","article-title":"Is the adapted Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) developed internationally to measure food insecurity valid in urban and rural households of Ethiopia?","volume":"1","author":"S.H. Gebreyesus","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC nutrition"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0309479.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/ejcn.2015.118","article-title":"Dietary diversity score and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.","volume":"70","author":"A. Salehi-Abargouei","year":"2016","journal-title":"European journal of clinical nutrition"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0309479.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s40795-020-00378-z","article-title":"Modeling the predictors of stunting in Ethiopia: analysis of 2016 Ethiopian demographic health survey data (EDHS).","volume":"6","author":"H.G. Mengesha","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC nutrition"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0309479.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s41043-021-00227-0","article-title":"Assessment of nutritional status and associated factors among adolescent girls in Afar, Northeastern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study","volume":"40","author":"G. Hadush","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition"},{"volume-title":"The state of food security and nutrition in the world 2018: building climate resilience for food security and nutrition","year":"2018","author":"Organization, W.H.","key":"pone.0309479.ref034"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0309479.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-0500-7-130","article-title":"Food Insecurity in Farta District, Northwest Ethiopia: a community based cross\u2013sectional study.","volume":"7","author":"W. Endale","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC research notes"},{"key":"pone.0309479.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/4898970","article-title":"Malnutrition in School-Going Adolescents in Dessie Town, South Wollo, Ethiopia","volume":"2021","author":"G. Mulu Birru","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0309479.ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13052-018-0459-z","article-title":"One in three adolescent schoolgirls in urban northwest Ethiopia is stunted","volume":"44","author":"S.M. Birru","year":"2018","journal-title":"Italian journal of pediatrics"},{"key":"pone.0309479.ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/8323982","article-title":"Prevalence of thinness and stunting and associated factors among adolescent school girls in Adwa town, North Ethiopia","volume":"2016","author":"T. Gebregyorgis","year":"2016","journal-title":"International journal of food science"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0309479.ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1832824","DOI":"10.1080\/23311932.2020.1832824","article-title":"Low dietary diversity and its determinants among adolescent girls in Southern Ethiopia.","volume":"6","author":"Y. Halala Handiso","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cogent Food & Agriculture"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0309479.ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-019-1572-x","article-title":"Prevalence and determinants of stunting and wasting among public primary school children in Gondar town, northwest, Ethiopia.","volume":"19","author":"Z. Getaneh","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC pediatrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0309479.ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1136\/practneurol-2015-001162","article-title":"Effects of coffee\/caffeine on brain health and disease: What should I tell my patients?","volume":"16","author":"A. Nehlig","year":"2016","journal-title":"Practical neurology"},{"key":"pone.0309479.ref042","first-page":"91","volume-title":"Nutritional assessment and intervention, in Pediatric Hematology-Oncology in Countries with Limited Resources","author":"P.C. Rogers","year":"2014"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0309479.ref043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.152.9.871","article-title":"Disordered eating among adolescents with chronic illness and disability: the role of family and other social factors.","volume":"152","author":"D. Neumark-Sztainer","year":"1998","journal-title":"Archives of pediatrics & adolescent medicine"},{"key":"pone.0309479.ref044","first-page":"433","article-title":"Health extension workers in Ethiopia: improved access and coverage for the rural poor.","author":"N.K. Bilal","year":"2011","journal-title":"Yes Africa Can: Success Stiroes from a Dynamic Continent, 2011."},{"journal-title":"Essential Health Services Package of Ethiopia","year":"2019","author":"A. Ababa","key":"pone.0309479.ref045"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0309479.ref046","first-page":"1","article-title":"Health extension program factors, frequency of household visits and being model households, improved utilization of basic health services in Ethiopia","volume":"14","author":"M. Yitayal","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC health services research"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0309479","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,16]],"date-time":"2024-10-16T17:32:37Z","timestamp":1729099957000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0309479"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Abu","family":"Sayeed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,16]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,16]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0309479","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1932-6203"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,16]]}}}