{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T21:13:23Z","timestamp":1787606003239,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,30]],"date-time":"2024-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730246400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Lykos Therapeutics"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This retrospective claims analysis explored the treatment utilization and characteristics among patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) of different severity.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The index date was the first PTSD claim. The analysis observed 12 months pre- and 24 months post-index. Adults with insurance gaps, cancer, or acute PTSD during the observation were excluded. Patients were categorized into three severity cohorts based on treatment and healthcare services utilization for PTSD: 1. Baseline PTSD (BP) (no PTSD visits post-index, no FDA-approved medications\/ psychotherapy, and no severe mental health comorbidities); 2. PTSD without Comorbidities (PwoC) (\u22651 PTSD visits post-index and no severe mental health conditions); 3. PTSD with Comorbidities (PwC) (\u22651 PTSD visits post-index and severe mental health comorbidities present). For the primary analysis, cohorts were propensity-score matched. A sub-analysis examined patients with PTSD and Substance or Alcohol Use Disorder (SUD\/AUD).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The primary analysis observed 1714 BP, 1681 PwoC, and 1681 PwC patients. Treatment utilization rates were highest among PwC vs. other cohorts (84.5% psychotherapy, 76.1% off-label medications, and 26.1% FDA-approved medications [p&lt;0.001]). PwC cohort also had the highest number of psychotherapy sessions and medication prescriptions per patient (20.1 sessions, 12.6 off-label prescriptions, and 2.0 FDA-approved prescriptions [p&lt;0.001]). The proportion of days covered (PDC) indicated low medication adherence (0.25\u20130.40) with adherent patient rates (PDC \u22650.80) between 8.0\u201317.5%. The SUD\/AUD sub-analysis identified 85 BP, 537 PwoC, and 3154 PwC patients. Conclusions were similar, with PwC cohort having highest treatment utilization rates (87.1% psychotherapy, 85.0% off-label medications, 28.2% FDA-approved medications [p\u22640.013] with 24.4 sessions, 16.1 off-label prescriptions, and 2.0 FDA-approved prescriptions per patient [p\u22640.002]). Only 4.7\u201311.4% of patients were adherent.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>PwC patients received psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy more frequently than PwoC and BP patients. Medication adherence among treated patients was low. Patients with SUD\/AUD had numerically higher treatment utilization and lower medication adherence.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0309704","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,30]],"date-time":"2024-10-30T17:33:20Z","timestamp":1730309600000},"page":"e0309704","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Treatment patterns and characteristics of patients with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): A retrospective claims analysis among commercially insured population"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Filip","family":"Stanicic","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1368-4491","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Vladimir","family":"Zah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dimitrije","family":"Grbic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Debra","family":"De Angelo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wendy","family":"Bibeau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0309704.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2022.04.003","article-title":"Post-traumatic stress disorder.","volume":"107","author":"AN Merians","year":"2023","journal-title":"Med Clin North Am"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0309704.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15057","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2015.57","article-title":"Post-traumatic stress disorder.","volume":"1","author":"R Yehuda","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0309704.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2151","DOI":"10.1080\/03007995.2021.1978417","article-title":"Prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder in the United States: a systematic literature review.","volume":"37","author":"J Schein","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0309704.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2017.09.008","article-title":"Post-traumatic stress disorder by gender and veteran status.","volume":"54","author":"K Lehavot","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0309704.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20150","article-title":"How well can post-traumatic stress disorder be predicted from pre-trauma risk factors? 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