{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T08:13:37Z","timestamp":1782980017944,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,24]],"date-time":"2024-10-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729728000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Sant\u00e9 publique France"},{"name":"ANRS MIE","award":["ECTZ118440"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ECTZ118440"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A pilot HIV testing programme, Au Labo sans Ordo (ALSO; \u201cto the laboratory without prescription\u201d) was implemented in two French Fast-Track Cities Initiative areas from 07\/2019 to 12\/2020. ALSO aimed to remove barriers to HIV testing by providing free testing with widespread access through all laboratories, extended opening hours, and no prescription requirements.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Assessing the ALSO programme in terms of testing activity, user characteristics, and costs, compared to other HIV testing offers.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Laboratories and STI clinics reported the monthly numbers of tests performed and positive tests. Two short surveys were carried out 12 months apart in people who sought HIV testing. In each offer, the mean costs of HIV testing have been estimated according to negative or positive results using a microcosting approach.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>During the study period, 214\/264 laboratories reported performing 38,941 ALSO tests that accounted for 7.2% of laboratory HIV testing activity. Positivity rates of ALSO and prescribed tests were similar (2.2\/1000) but lower than that in STI clinics (6.0\/1000). Heterosexual men, and individuals with multiple sexual partners, poor health insurance and few visits to GPs were more likely to use the ALSO offer than tests upon prescription. Compared to ALSO, STI clinic users were younger, more exposed to HIV and with a less favourable socio-economic situation. ALSO had low costs: \u20ac13 for a negative test, \u20ac163 for a positive test and \u20ac5,388 to identify an HIV-positive person (versus \u20ac9,068 in STI clinics and \u20ac20,126 with prescribed tests).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec005\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>ALSO has attracted users less likely to visit STI clinics or to seek a prescribed test, particularly heterosexual men. Activities, user profiles and costs suggested the complementarity of the HIV testing offers and the relevance of making them coexist. French health authorities have decided to maintain and expand this programme to complement existing HIV testing offers.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0309754","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,24]],"date-time":"2024-10-24T17:44:20Z","timestamp":1729791860000},"page":"e0309754","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Facilitating the access to HIV testing at lower costs: \u201cTo the laboratory without prescription\u201d (ALSO), a pilot intervention to expand HIV testing through medical laboratories in France"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0328-8279","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Karen","family":"Champenois","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victoire","family":"Sawras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pamela","family":"Ngoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Bouvet de la Maisonneuve","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"Valbousquet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margot","family":"Annequin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoana","family":"Gatseva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Michels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathalie","family":"Lydi\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlotte","family":"Maguet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elodie","family":"A\u00efna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erwann","family":"Le H\u00f4","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eve","family":"Plenel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4397-5097","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Irit","family":"Touitou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3241-7647","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sylvie","family":"Deuffic-Burban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"France","family":"Lert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pascal","family":"Pugliese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"the ALSO group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0309754.ref001","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 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