{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T23:13:13Z","timestamp":1771369993743,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,18]],"date-time":"2024-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726617600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/zero\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000030","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["6NU50CK000452-04-05"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["6NU50CK000452-04-05"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01CA260584"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01CA260584"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Physician Researcher Program of The Permanente Medical Group Delivery Science and Applied Research Program"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Myalgic encephalomyelitis\/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME\/CFS) can be triggered by infectious agents including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). However, the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on ME\/CFS prevalence is not well characterized.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>In this population-based cross-sectional study, we enrolled a stratified random sample of 9,825 adult participants in the Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC) integrated health system from July to October 2022 to assess overall ME\/CFS-like illness prevalence and the proportion that were identified following COVID-19 illness. We used medical record and survey data to estimate the prevalence of ME\/CFS-like illness based on self-reported symptoms congruent with the 2015 Institute of Medicine ME\/CFS criteria. History of COVID-19 was based on a positive SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid amplification test or ICD-10 diagnosis code in the medical record, or self-report of prior COVID-19 on a survey.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Of 2,745,374 adults in the eligible population, an estimated 45,892 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 32,869, 58,914) or 1.67% (CI 1.20%, 2.15%) had ME\/CFS-like illness. Among those with ME\/CFS-like illness, an estimated 14.12% (CI 3.64%, 24.6%) developed the illness after COVID-19. Among persons who had COVID-19, those with ME\/CFS-like illness after COVID-19 were more likely to be unvaccinated and to have had COVID-19 before June 1, 2021. All persons with ME\/CFS-like illness had significant impairment in physical, mental, emotional, social, and occupational functioning compared to persons without ME\/CFS-like illness.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>In a large, integrated health system, 1.67% of adults had ME\/CFS-like illness and 14.12% of all persons with ME\/CFS-like illness developed it after COVID-19. Though COVID-19 did not substantially increase ME\/CFS-like illness in the KPNC population during the study time period, ME\/CFS-like illness nevertheless affects a notable portion of this population and is consistent with estimates of ME\/CFS prevalence in other populations. Additional attention is needed to improve awareness, diagnosis, and treatment of ME\/CFS.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0309810","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,18]],"date-time":"2024-09-18T17:23:11Z","timestamp":1726680191000},"page":"e0309810","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Impact of COVID-19 on myalgic encephalomyelitis\/chronic fatigue syndrome-like illness prevalence: A cross-sectional survey"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Mariah S.","family":"Wood","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Halmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeanne","family":"Bertolli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura B.","family":"Amsden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joshua R.","family":"Nugent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8286-6593","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jin-Mann S.","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gretchen","family":"Rothrock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joelle","family":"Nadle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shua J.","family":"Chai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer R.","family":"Cope","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jamila H.","family":"Champsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth R.","family":"Unger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1630-5733","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jacek","family":"Skarbinski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"for STOP-ME\/CFS and COVID-SELECT","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0309810.ref001","unstructured":"What is ME\/CFS? | Myalgic Encephalomyelitis\/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME\/CFS) | CDC. 21 Mar 2023 [cited 1 Feb 2024]. 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