{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T07:23:16Z","timestamp":1783408996388,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,23]],"date-time":"2024-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727049600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Fundacion HA Barcelo"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\"><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Recent studies have suggested an association between<jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>pylori<\/jats:italic>and metabolic-disfunction associated fatty liver disease (MASLD). However, epidemiologic studies have yielded inconsistent results. We aim to evaluate the association of<jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>pylori<\/jats:italic>and G-allele PNPLA3 in MASLD diagnosis, and markers of severity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"sec002\"><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A multi-center cross-sectional study was conducted. A total 224 functional dyspepsia (FD) patients cohort who underwent gastroscopy was selected. Biochemical, clinical parameters, ultrasound, FIB-4 score, LSM by VCTE, gastric biopsies,<jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>pylori<\/jats:italic>status, and rs738409 PNPLA3 were evaluated. A second retrospective cohort of 86 patients with biopsy-proven MASLD who underwent gastroscopy with gastric biopsies was analyzed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"sec003\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the FD cohort MASLD was observed in 52%, and<jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>pylori<\/jats:italic>-positive in 51%.<jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>pylori<\/jats:italic>infection was associated with MASLD prevalence, but in multivariate analyses adjusted for G-allele PNPLA3, it became not significant. Then in MASLD-only dyspeptic cohort,<jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>pylori<\/jats:italic>infection was significantly linked to elevated serum AST levels and increased liver stiffness measurements, suggesting a potential role in liver injury and fibrosis. Histopathological analysis in biopsy-proven MASLD patients further supported these findings, showing a significant association between<jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>pylori<\/jats:italic>infection and increased NAS score, fibrosis stage, and prevalence of MASH. Notably, the combination of<jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>pylori<\/jats:italic>infection and G-allele PNPLA3 appeared to exacerbate MASLD severity beyond individual effects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"sec004\"><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results suggest that<jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>pylori<\/jats:italic>infection may play a role in the progression of liver injury and fibrosis in patients with MASLD, especially in those with specific genetic predispositions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0310361","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,23]],"date-time":"2024-09-23T17:30:07Z","timestamp":1727112607000},"page":"e0310361","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The interplay between Helicobacter pylori infection and rs738409 PNPLA3 in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver 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