{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T10:09:07Z","timestamp":1770977347543,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,15]],"date-time":"2025-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744675200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>People with Parkinson\u2019s (PwP) can experience both physical and psychological symptoms, and understanding the perspectives of people affected is crucial for improved management, and clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This online survey aimed to gain a better understanding of the relationship between the subjectively experienced physical and psychological symptoms by PwP and their carers, while also considering the influence of personal roles and past symptom experiences.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A UK-wide survey of 251 PwP and 62 carers was conducted. The survey focused on reported diagnosed and non-diagnosed psychological symptoms experienced, their onset, and the perceived impact of physical and psychological symptoms on one another. Responses were summarised using descriptive statistics.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A substantial proportion of respondents reported at least one diagnosed psychological condition (38.5%) or undiagnosed psychological symptoms (44.6%) such as anxiety and depression. Half of respondents reported perceiving a bi-directional interaction between physical and psychological symptoms, with this perception most reported in people with prior experience of psychological symptoms. Our sample shows that while PwP and carers have similar views on the impact of psychological symptoms, carers perceive the impact of physical symptoms to be greater than PwP.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec005\">\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>PwP and carers appear to perceive an interaction between physical and psychological symptoms in Parkinson\u2019s, noting that psychological symptoms frequently precede Parkinson\u2019s diagnosis but are often under-recognised. Improved awareness of the potential link between physical and psychological symptoms in PwP may help to improve assessment, and onward referral processes to enhance care. Further research may assist in identifying potential disease subtypes and allow the prediction of changes in physical and psychological presentation.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0310578","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,15]],"date-time":"2025-04-15T20:06:53Z","timestamp":1744747613000},"page":"e0310578","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The relationship between physical function and psychological symptoms in Parkinson\u2019s: Perceptions of People with Parkinson\u2019s and Carers"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5764-5422","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Philip","family":"Hodgson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alastair","family":"Jordan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charikleia","family":"Sinani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Divine","family":"Charura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0310578.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.4103\/0976-3147.143197","article-title":"Psychiatric aspects of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"6","author":"S Grover","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Neurosci Rural Pract"},{"key":"pone.0310578.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100870","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanepe.2024.100870","article-title":"The impact of psychiatric comorbidity on Parkinson\u2019s disease outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"39","author":"E Burchill","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Reg Health Eur"},{"issue":"634","key":"pone.0310578.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.3399\/bjgp15X684985","article-title":"Mental health and Parkinson\u2019s disease: from the cradle to the grave","volume":"65","author":"YA Alamri","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br J Gen Pract"},{"key":"pone.0310578.ref004","first-page":"4598651","article-title":"The Impact of Living with Parkinson\u2019s Disease: Balancing within a Web of Needs and Demands","volume":"2018","author":"C Sj\u00f6dahl Hammarlund","year":"2018","journal-title":"Parkinsons Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0310578.ref005","first-page":"27","article-title":"Prevalence of mental disorders in persons with Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"142","author":"C de Rijk","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd"},{"key":"pone.0310578.ref006","author":"Research NS","year":"2014"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0310578.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2011.189","article-title":"Depression in Parkinson disease--epidemiology, mechanisms and management","volume":"8","author":"D Aarsland","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0310578.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1125","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26643","article-title":"Prevalence of anxiety in Parkinson\u2019s disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"31","author":"MPG Broen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"issue":"634","key":"pone.0310578.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.3399\/bjgp15X684985","article-title":"Mental health and Parkinson\u2019s disease: from the cradle to the grave","volume":"65","author":"YA Alamri","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br J Gen Pract"},{"key":"pone.0310578.ref010","author":"NICE"},{"key":"pone.0310578.ref011","author":"N England"},{"key":"pone.0310578.ref012","author":"Ao Parkinson\u2019s"},{"key":"pone.0310578.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.11.008","article-title":"The relationship between physical and mental health: A mediation analysis","volume":"195","author":"J Ohrnberger","year":"2017","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0310578.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e14562","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.14562","article-title":"The relationship between physical function and psychological symptoms in Parkinson\u2019s disease: A systematic review and meta-regression analysis","volume":"30","author":"P Hodgson","year":"2024","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0310578.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0249390","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0249390","article-title":"What is the lived experience of anxiety for people with Parkinson\u2019s? 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