{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T12:29:08Z","timestamp":1780489748135,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,17]],"date-time":"2024-10-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729123200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Vice-Chancellor for Research at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>To investigate the effects of Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and curcumin, as a final irrigant on the fracture resistance of irradiated root that obturated with an epoxy resin sealer.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Eighty mandibular premolars were randomly divided into non-irradiated (NIR) and irradiated (IR) groups. The teeth were irradiated at 2 Gy per fraction, 5 times a week for a total dose of 60 Gy over 6 weeks. All specimens were decoronated, remaining 13\u00b11 mm root length. Two groups were subdivided into four groups (n = 10): 1) non-instrumented; the intact root served as control. The other roots were instrumented with a pro-taper NiTi rotary system. The final irrigation used was 17% EDTA, followed by three irrigation solution groups; 2) 2.5% NaOCl, 3) 0.02% EGCG, and 4) 0.1% curcumin. Root canals were filled with gutta-percha and AH plus. All specimens were embedded in self-curing acrylic resin and loaded vertically at 1 mm\/min until fracture occurred. Also, sealer penetration was assessed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The data were evaluated statistically using two-way ANOVA and Tukey test (\u03b1 = 0.05).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>In irradiated roots, fracture resistance of EGCG and curcumin groups did not differ from non-instrumented roots, but they were higher than the NaOCl group (P = 0.006). However, NaOCl, EGCG, and curcumin in irradiated roots had comparable strength that was higher than in the non-instrumented group (p&lt;0.001). Difference between irradiated and non-irradiated roots was observed only for NaOCl and non-instrumented groups (P\u22640.004). In irradiated roots, a higher sealer penetration was observed in EGCG and curcumin groups compared to NaOCl.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>EGCG and curcumin could be promising final irrigants to reverse the adverse effect of radiotherapy on the strength of irradiated roots obturated with AH Plus sealer.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0311132","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,17]],"date-time":"2024-10-17T17:29:29Z","timestamp":1729186169000},"page":"e0311132","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Effect of crosslinking\/antioxidant agents as final irrigant on the fracture resistance of endodontically treated root after radiotherapy"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2221-5531","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Maryam S.","family":"Tavangar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fereshteh","family":"Shafiei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sepehr","family":"Eslami Pirharati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohsen","family":"Bakhshandeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasamin","family":"Ghahramani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0311132.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2011.06.002","article-title":"Autophagy contributes to resistance of tumor cells to ionizing radiation.","volume":"99","author":"H Chaachouay","year":"2011","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0311132.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.2013.380","article-title":"The oral management of patients who have received radiotherapy to the head and neck region.","volume":"214","author":"A Ray-Chaudhuri","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br Dent J"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0311132.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1177\/154411130301400305","article-title":"Oral sequelae of head and neck radiotherapy","volume":"14","author":"A Vissink","year":"2003","journal-title":"Crit Rev Oral Biol Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0311132.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1159\/000192799","article-title":"Patterns of demineralization and dentin reactions in radiation-related caries.","volume":"43","author":"AR Silva","year":"2009","journal-title":"Caries Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0311132.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1795","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-017-2275-z","article-title":"Oral cancer radiotherapy affects enamel microhardness and associated indentation pattern morphology","volume":"22","author":"R Seyedmahmoud","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0311132.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2014.05.011","article-title":"Radiation therapy alters microhardness and microstructure of enamel and dentin of permanent human teeth.","volume":"42","author":"LM Gon\u00e7alves","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Dent"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0311132.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(06)70658-1","article-title":"Radiation-related damage to dentition","volume":"7","author":"AM Kielbassa","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0311132.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-013-1034-z","article-title":"The effect of radiotherapy on dental hard tissue\u2014a systematic review.","volume":"18","author":"HF Lieshout","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0311132.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2591.2007.01294.x","article-title":"The effect of head-fractioned teletherapy on pulp tissue.","volume":"40","author":"FV Vier-Pelisser","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0311132.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e488","DOI":"10.4317\/medoral.23499","article-title":"Effect of different solutions in reversing the damage caused by radiotherapy in dentin structure","volume":"25","author":"F Lopes","year":"2020","journal-title":"Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0311132.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034509351251","article-title":"Effect of gamma irradiation on ultimate tensile strength of enamel and dentin","volume":"89","author":"CJ Soares","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0311132.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.12556","article-title":"Influence of therapeutic cancer radiation on the bond strength of an epoxy- or an MTA-based sealer to root dentine","volume":"49","author":"CV Martins","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0311132.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1590\/0103-6440201601267","article-title":"Effect of Gamma Radiation and Endodontic Treatment on Mechanical Properties of Human and Bovine Root Dentin.","volume":"27","author":"VR Novais","year":"2016","journal-title":"Braz Dent J."},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0311132.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2591.2011.01920.x","article-title":"Effect of gamma irradiation and restorative material on the biomechanical behaviour of root filled premolars","volume":"44","author":"CJ Soares","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"key":"pone.0311132.ref015","first-page":"e40","article-title":"Effect of final irrigation protocols on microhardness reduction and erosion of root canal dentin.","volume":"31","author":"FER Baldasso","year":"2017","journal-title":"Braz Oral Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0311132.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.4012\/dmj.2016-137","article-title":"Epigallocatechin-3-gallate increased the push out bond strength of an epoxy resin sealer to root dentin","volume":"35","author":"S Pheenithicharoenkul","year":"2016","journal-title":"Dent Mater J"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0311132.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1465","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-022-04765-7","article-title":"Evaluation of structural integrity effect on adhesion strength of root dentin with a multi-functional irrigation strategy.","volume":"27","author":"Y Huang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"pone.0311132.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1111\/aej.12760","article-title":"Comparative evaluation of fracture resistance among conventional versus herbal irrigants in root canal treated teeth: In vitro study.","volume":"49","author":"DJ Sinha","year":"2023","journal-title":"Aust Endod J"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0311132.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13800","article-title":"Effects of concentration of sodium hypochlorite as an endodontic irrigant on the mechanical and structural properties of root dentine: A laboratory study.","volume":"55","author":"H Xu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0311132.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0722.2010.00714.x","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory effect of catechin on cultured human dental pulp cells affected by bacteria-derived factors","volume":"118","author":"T Nakanishi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Oral Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0311132.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3288","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2014.03.036","article-title":"Galloyl moieties enhance the dentin biomodification potential of plant-derived catechins.","volume":"10","author":"CM Vidal","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0311132.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.09.040","article-title":"Evaluation of antimicrobial efficacy of herbal alternatives (Triphala and green tea polyphenols), MTAD, and 5% sodium hypochlorite against Enterococcus faecalis biofilm formed on tooth substrate: an in vitro study.","volume":"36","author":"J Prabhakar","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Endod."},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0311132.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2014.11.014","article-title":"Effects of Epigallocatechin gallate against Enterococcus faecalis biofilm and virulence","volume":"60","author":"P Lee","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arch Oral Biol"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"pone.0311132.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-006-9170-2","article-title":"Curcumin improves wound healing by modulating collagen and decreasing reactive oxygen species","volume":"290","author":"M Panchatcharam","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biochem"},{"key":"pone.0311132.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24797","DOI":"10.1038\/srep24797","article-title":"Antibiofilm efficacy of photoactivated curcumin, triple and double antibiotic paste, 2% chlorhexidine and calcium hydroxide against Enterococcus fecalis in vitro.","volume":"6","author":"S Devaraj","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep."},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0311132.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2019.08.004","article-title":"Curcumin-A Natural Medicament for Root Canal Disinfection: Effects of Irrigation, Drug Release, and Photoactivation.","volume":"45","author":"JM Sotomil","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Endod."},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0311132.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.12680","article-title":"Effect of final irrigation procedures on fracture resistance of root filled teeth: an ex vivo study.","volume":"50","author":"T Turk","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"key":"pone.0311132.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.2147\/CCIDE.S253251","article-title":"The Effect of Silver, Zinc Oxide, and Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Used as Final Irrigation Solutions on the Fracture Resistance of Root-Filled Teeth.","volume":"12","author":"Z Jowkar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Cosmet Investig Dent."},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0311132.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4163","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-020-03747-x","article-title":"A comparative study of dentinal tubule penetration and the retreatability of EndoSequence BC Sealer HiFlow, iRoot SP, and AH Plus with different obturation techniques.","volume":"25","author":"R Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0311132.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-020-03378-2","article-title":"The effect of radiotherapy delivery time and obturation materials on the fracture resistance of mandibular premolars.","volume":"25","author":"S Aktemur Turker","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0311132.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-017-2165-4","article-title":"Influence of radiotherapy on the dentin properties and bond strength.","volume":"22","author":"RB Rodrigues","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0311132.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2871","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-018-2373-6","article-title":"Radiotherapy alters the composition, structural and mechanical properties of root dentin in vitro.","volume":"22","author":"M Velo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0311132.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1097\/00004770-200405000-00002","article-title":"Treatment outcome in endodontics-the Toronto Study. Phase II: initial treatment.","volume":"30","author":"M Farzaneh","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Endod."},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0311132.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2007.02.011","article-title":"An in vitro comparison of bond strength of various obturation materials to root canal dentin using a push-out test design.","volume":"33","author":"MA Fisher","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0311132.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1097\/00004770-200208000-00011","article-title":"The effect of two different root canal sealers and smear layer on resistance to root fracture.","volume":"28","author":"FK Cobankara","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0311132.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2006.06.054","article-title":"Influence of resin-based adhesive root canal fillings on the resistance to fracture of endodontically treated roots: an in vitro preliminary study","volume":"103","author":"E Sch\u00e4fer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0311132.ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2013.04.005","article-title":"Wettability of root canal sealers on intraradicular dentine treated with different irrigating solutions.","volume":"41","author":"NV Ballal","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Dent."},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0311132.ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1067\/moe.2000.108951","article-title":"Evaluation of root reinforcement of endodontically treated teeth","volume":"90","author":"ME Johnson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0311132.ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2006.09.014","article-title":"Push-out bond strength of a new endodontic obturation system (Resilon\/Epiphany).","volume":"33","author":"MM Sly","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Endod."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0311132.ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1111\/edt.12025","article-title":"Resistance to vertical fracture of MTA-filled roots.","volume":"30","author":"EL-Ma AM","year":"2014","journal-title":"Dent Traumatol."},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0311132.ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2015.12.006","article-title":"Final Irrigation Regimens Affect Fracture Resistance Values of Root-filled Teeth.","volume":"42","author":"E Uzunoglu","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Endod."},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0311132.ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/S0099-2399(87)80132-2","article-title":"A scanning electron microscopic evaluation of four root canal irrigation regimens.","volume":"13","author":"JC Baumgartner","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0311132.ref043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1016\/S0099-2399(82)80073-3","article-title":"The efficacy of several endodontic irrigating solutions: a scanning electron microscopic study: Part 2.","volume":"8","author":"M Goldman","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0311132.ref044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2591.2011.01945.x","article-title":"Effect of intracanal irrigants on the bond strength of epoxy resin-based and methacrylate resin-based sealers to root canal walls.","volume":"45","author":"WV Vilanova","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0311132.ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.10.020","article-title":"Effects of different exposure times and concentrations of sodium hypochlorite\/ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid on the structural integrity of mineralized dentin.","volume":"36","author":"K Zhang","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Endod."},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0311132.ref046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2012.04.026","article-title":"Effect of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid on root fracture with respect to concentration at different time exposures.","volume":"38","author":"E Uzunoglu","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Endod."},{"key":"pone.0311132.ref047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1007\/s12039-009-0061-4","article-title":"Collagen-curcumin interaction\u2014A physico-chemical study","volume":"121","author":"N Nishad Fathima","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of chemical sciences"},{"key":"pone.0311132.ref048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2019.01.025","article-title":"Influence of curcumin photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy on the mechanical properties and push-out bond strength of glass-fiber posts to intraradicular dentin.","volume":"25","author":"HB Strazzi Sahyon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0311132.ref049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-020-03378-2","article-title":"The effect of radiotherapy delivery time and obturation materials on the fracture resistance of mandibular premolars.","volume":"25","author":"S Aktemur T\u00fcrker","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0311132.ref050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.4012\/dmj.2017-116","article-title":"Inhibitory effect of curcuminoid pretreatments on endogenous dentin proteases","volume":"37","author":"R Seseogullari-Dirihan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dent Mater J"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0311132.ref051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2014.02.013","article-title":"Extracts of irradiated mature human tooth crowns contain MMP-20 protein and activity.","volume":"42","author":"JD McGuire","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Dent."},{"key":"pone.0311132.ref052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijadhadh.2016.08.007","article-title":"Influence of dentin biomodification with epigallocatechin-3-gallate on the bond strength of self-etch adhesive: Twelve-month results","volume":"71","author":"JR Neri","year":"2016","journal-title":"International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0311132.ref053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12837","DOI":"10.1111\/eos.12837","article-title":"Long-term effect of curcuminoid treatment on resin-to-dentin bond strength","volume":"130","author":"M Tekbas Atay","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Oral Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0311132.ref054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13252","article-title":"Effect of carbodiimide and chlorhexidine on the bond strength longevity of resin cement to root dentine after radiation therapy.","volume":"53","author":"FC Lopes","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0311132.ref055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1111\/aej.12440","article-title":"Resistance to compressive force in continuous chelation.","volume":"47","author":"PP Wright","year":"2021","journal-title":"Aust Endod J"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"pone.0311132.ref056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13722","article-title":"A critical analysis of research methods and experimental models to study the load capacity and clinical behaviour of the root filled teeth","volume":"55 Suppl 2","author":"R Ordinola-Zapata","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int Endod J"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0311132","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,17]],"date-time":"2024-10-17T17:29:47Z","timestamp":1729186187000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0311132"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Mohmed Isaqali","family":"Karobari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,17]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,17]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0311132","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,17]]}}}