{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,6]],"date-time":"2024-12-06T05:18:22Z","timestamp":1733462302139,"version":"3.30.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,5]],"date-time":"2024-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733356800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper theoretically explores the propagation attenuation of normally incident P-waves on a single uncoupled joint exhibiting nonlinear deformation behavior. The stress-deformation model of the single uncoupled joint (g-\u03bb model with \u03bb \u2265 1) is employed to depict the nonlinearity of uncoupled joints, with a greater value of the parameter \u03bb signifying a lower degree of non-linearity in the joint model curve. By making use of the characteristic line approach in conjunction with the discontinuous displacement model, we have obtained the finite difference expressions which precisely represent the particle velocity and energy transmission coefficient of the transmitted wave. The expressions for the stiffness transmission coefficient and the stiffness reflection coefficient, which can effectively reflect the nonlinear variation in joint stiffness, have been accomplished. Parametric investigations are carried out to examine the impacts of nonlinear joint normal deformation on P-wave transmission. The findings suggest that when \u03bb is respectively equal to 4.19, 8.57, 10, and 12.15, the peak particle velocity (PPV) of the transmitted waves is significantly close to the incident wave amplitude. Furthermore, when \u03bb is fixed, the energy transmission coefficient increases with the incident wave amplitude but decreases with the incident wave frequency. The stiffness transmission coefficient rises while the stiffness reflection coefficient drops with the increasing joint closure. And if the value of \u03bb assumes larger values, the distortion in the shape of the transmitted wave is associated with the plastic deformation in the uncoupled rock mass. These results broaden the application scope of the g-\u03bb model and can be employed to identify fault positions in jointed rock masses during the advanced geological prediction of mountain tunnels.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0311359","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,5]],"date-time":"2024-12-05T19:13:57Z","timestamp":1733426037000},"page":"e0311359","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Propagation characteristics of P-wave incident on a single uncoupled joint based on g-\u03bb model"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8196-1927","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zhanfeng","family":"Fan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2885-728X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Qiang","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0311359.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jappgeo.2014.07.005","article-title":"P and S wave anisotropy in fractured media: Experimental research using synthetic samples","volume":"109","author":"PB Ding","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Appl Geophys"},{"key":"pone.0311359.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enganabound.2014.04.026","article-title":"The numerical manifold 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