{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T16:54:36Z","timestamp":1780332876589,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,4]],"date-time":"2024-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733270400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/zero\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000030","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Emerging Infections Program Network"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Emerging Infections Program Network"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Bacterial and viral respiratory coinfections are common, but the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infections among pertussis cases has not been estimated. We examine the prevalence and temporality of SARS-CoV-2 infections among pertussis patients and describe pertussis clinical severity among patients with and without SARS-CoV-2 coinfections.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Confirmed and probable pertussis cases among individuals with cough onset between January 1, 2020 and February 15, 2023 were identified through surveillance in seven Enhanced Pertussis Surveillance (EPS) sites. Pertussis cases with a laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection detected within 30 days before or after pertussis cough onset were defined as coinfections. We describe patient demographics, symptoms, and severe complications and outcomes (seizures, encephalopathy, pneumonia, hospitalization, or death) by coinfection status.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Among 765 pertussis cases reported during the study period, the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 coinfections was 0.78% [6\/765]. Among the six patients meeting the coinfection definition, the majority (83.3% [5\/6]) had SARS-CoV-2 infections detected following pertussis cough onset. Compared to those with no known coinfection, a higher proportion of those with coinfections reported severe complications or outcomes (50.0% [3\/6] vs. 5.2% [36\/694]).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Although the prevalence of pertussis patients with SARS-CoV-2 coinfections was low, patients with coinfections reported more severe complications and outcomes compared to those with pertussis alone. Given the decline in reported pertussis cases during the COVID-19 pandemic, continued monitoring of pertussis incidence alongside respiratory viral infections will be important as the pertussis burden returns to pre-pandemic levels.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0311488","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,4]],"date-time":"2024-12-04T18:35:06Z","timestamp":1733337306000},"page":"e0311488","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["SARS-CoV-2 coinfections among pertussis cases identified through the Enhanced Pertussis Surveillance system in the United States, January 2020\u2013February 2023"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3138-664X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Isha","family":"Berry","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9205-9055","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Matthew","family":"Cole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Silk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fiona P.","family":"Havers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erin","family":"Youngkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam","family":"Misiorski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samantha","family":"Sefton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yeng","family":"Vang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emma","family":"Stanislawski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suzanne","family":"McGuire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noel","family":"Silhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tami H","family":"Skoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy B.","family":"Rubis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5 Suppl","key":"pone.0311488.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S44","DOI":"10.1097\/01.inf.0000160912.58660.87","article-title":"Health burden of pertussis in adolescents and adults","volume":"24","author":"E Rothstein","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0311488.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1086\/315648","article-title":"Morbidity of pertussis in adolescents and adults","volume":"182","author":"G De Serres","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"pone.0311488.ref003","unstructured":"CDC. Pertussis Surveillance and Reporting. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/pertussis\/surv-reporting.html. 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Pertussis (Whooping Cough) (Bordetella pertussis) 2020 Case Definition. https:\/\/ndc.services.cdc.gov\/case-definitions\/pertussis-2020\/. Accessed March 17, 2023."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0311488.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-022-12830-9","article-title":"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Bordetella pertussis infections in England","volume":"22","author":"E Tessier","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"pone.0311488.ref013","first-page":"jiad028","article-title":"Changes in the incidence of invasive bacterial disease during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States, 2014\u20132020","author":"N Prasad","year":"2023","journal-title":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"pone.0311488.ref014","first-page":"100015","article-title":"The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on influenza, respiratory syncytial virus, and other seasonal respiratory virus circulation in Canada: A population-based study","volume":"1","author":"HE Groves","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Reg Health Am"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0311488.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e88","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1723","article-title":"Racial Disparities in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Mortality Are Driven by Unequal Infection Risks","volume":"72","author":"J Zelner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0311488.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-017-2567-6","article-title":"Infants hospitalized for Bordetella pertussis infection commonly have respiratory viral coinfections","volume":"17","author":"A Frassanito","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0311488.ref017","first-page":"476","article-title":"Incidence and severity of pertussis in infants with a respiratory syncytial virus infection","volume":"33","author":"M Moreno Samos","year":"2015","journal-title":"Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0311488","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,4]],"date-time":"2024-12-04T18:35:14Z","timestamp":1733337314000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0311488"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Di Martino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,4]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,4]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0311488","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,4]]}}}