{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T20:13:53Z","timestamp":1783109633582,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,12]],"date-time":"2024-11-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731369600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Narotam Sekhsaria Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Hospitalization provides a key opportunity to address tobacco use. Few studies have examined cessation treatment in hospitals in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). We aimed to measure tobacco abstinence among individuals discharged from a Mumbai hospital after the implementation of cessation counseling compared to abstinence among those discharged pre-implementation.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Pre-post intervention study in the Prince Aly Khan Hospital, Mumbai pre- (11\/2015-10\/2016) and post-implementation (02\/2018-02\/2020) of LifeFirst counseling. LifeFirst is multi-session (up to six sessions) counseling extending from hospitalization up to six months post-discharge. Primary analyses compare self-reported 6-month continuous abstinence among hospitalized individuals post-implementation (intervention) with pre-implementation (comparator) using an intent-to-treat approach that includes all participants offered LifeFirst post-implementation in the intervention group. Secondary analyses compare those who received \u2265 1 LifeFirst session with the pre-implementation group.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>We enrolled n = 437 individuals pre-implementation (8.7% dual use, 57.7% smokeless tobacco, 33.6% smoking) and n = 561 post-implementation (8.6% dual use, 64.3% smokeless tobacco, 27.1% smoking). Post-implementation, 490 patients (87.3%) accepted \u2265 1 counseling session. Continuous abstinence 6-months post-discharge was higher post-implementation (post: 41.6% vs. pre: 20.0%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.86, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.94\u20134.21). Those who received LifeFirst had higher odds of continuous abstinence compared to pre-implementation (aOR: 2.95, 95% CI 1.98\u20134.40).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Post-discharge abstinence was more common after implementation of a multi-session tobacco counseling program for hospitalized patients compared to abstinence among patients hospitalized before implementation. These findings represent observational evidence of a promising association between post-discharge abstinence and a hospital-based tobacco cessation program implemented within routine practice in an LMIC setting.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0312319","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,12]],"date-time":"2024-11-12T18:30:16Z","timestamp":1731436216000},"page":"e0312319","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Post-discharge tobacco abstinence in a Mumbai hospital after implementation of tobacco cessation counseling: A pragmatic evaluation of the LifeFirst program"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6290-2419","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Himanshu 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