{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,25]],"date-time":"2025-01-25T05:28:22Z","timestamp":1737782902999,"version":"3.33.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]],"date-time":"2025-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737676800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Judicious utilisation of tertiary care facilities through appropriate risk stratification assumes priority, in a raging pandemic, of the nature of delta variant-predominated second wave of COVID-19 pandemic in India. Prioritisation of tertiary care, through a scientifically validated risk score, would maximise recovery without compromising individual safety, but importantly without straining the health system.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>De-identified data of COVID-19 confirmed patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital in South India, between April 1, 2021 and July 31, 2021, corresponding to the peak of COVID-19 second wave, were analysed after segregating into \u2018survivors\u2019 or \u2018non-survivors\u2019 to evaluate the risk factors for COVID-19 mortality at admission and formulate a risk score with easily obtainable but clinically relevant parameters for accurate patient triaging. The predictive ability was ascertained by the area under the receiver operator characteristics (AUROC) and the goodness of fit by the Hosmer-Lemeshow test and validated using the bootstrap method.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Of 617 COVID-19 patients (325 survivors, 292 non-survivors), treated as per prevailing national guidelines, with a slight male predilection (358\/617 [58.0%]), fatalities in the age group above and below 50 years were (217\/380 [57.1%]) and (75\/237 [31.6%]), p&lt;0.001. The relative distribution of the various parameters among survivors and non-survivors including self-reported comorbidities helped to derive the individual risk scores from parameters significant in the multivariable logistic regression. The <jats:bold>\u2018OUR-ARCad\u2019<\/jats:bold> risk score components were\u2014<jats:bold>O<\/jats:bold>xygen saturation SaO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>&lt;94%-<jats:bold>23<\/jats:bold>, <jats:bold>U<\/jats:bold>rea &gt; 40mg\/dL-<jats:bold>15,<\/jats:bold> Neutrophil\/Lymphocytic ratio &gt;3\u2013<jats:bold>23<\/jats:bold>, <jats:bold>A<\/jats:bold>ge &gt; 50 years-<jats:bold>8<\/jats:bold>, Pulse <jats:bold>R<\/jats:bold>ate &gt;100\u2013<jats:bold>8<\/jats:bold> and <jats:bold>C<\/jats:bold>oronary Artery disease-<jats:bold>15<\/jats:bold>. A summated score above 50, mandated tertiary care management (sensitivity-90%, specificity-75%; AUC-0.89), validated in 2000 bootstrap dataset.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The OUR-ARCad risk score, could potentially maximize recovery in a raging COVID-19 pandemic, through prioritisation of tertiary care services, neither straining the health system nor compromising patient\u2019s safety, delivering and diverting care to those who needed the most.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0312993","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]],"date-time":"2025-01-24T19:14:37Z","timestamp":1737746077000},"page":"e0312993","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prediction of mortality and prioritisation to tertiary care using the \u2018OUR-ARCad\u2019 risk score gleaned from the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic\u2014A retrospective cohort study from South India"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8049-7541","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Narendran","family":"Gopalan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5039-1538","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Vinod Kumar","family":"Viswanathan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vignes 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