{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T21:46:18Z","timestamp":1781819178137,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]],"date-time":"2025-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737676800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"D&S Biotrade"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Treatment of peripheral artery disease (PAD) in the region below the knee (BTK) is dissatisfying as failure of treated target lesions (TLF) is frequent and diagnostic imaging is often challenging. In the BTK-region metallic drug-eluting stents (mDES) yielded best results concerning primary patency (PP), but also annihilate signal in magnetic resonance angiography (MR-A). A recently introduced non-metallic drug eluting bioresorbable Tyrocore<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> vascular scaffold (deBVS), that offers an option for re-treatment of lesions due to its full degradation within 3\u20134 years after placement, was investigated with respect to its compatibility with MR-A to unimpededly depict previously treated target lesions.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Patency of the deBVS in the BTK-region was assessed retrospectively using contrast enhanced MR-A of the lower limbs in patients with PAD of Lafontaine-grades II-IV (n = 19). Clinically driven MR-A censoring was triggered by an assumed target lesion failure (CD-TLF), which served to compute the probability of PP during the observation period of 5 years. Compatibility of this particular deBVS with MRI was additionally proven via in-vitro experiments.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The scaffold was found to be fully compatible with MRI. The normalised intra-luminal signal measured in MR-A increased significantly after successful deBVS-placement. The retrospective 5-years PP-probability was 0.87 (CI95%: [0.71,1.0]) with 2 stent-occlusions observed after 90 days. No major adverse events occurred.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Assessment of PAD in the BTK-region after placement of the Tyrocore<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>-deBVS using MRA is feasible. The promising high PP-probability after 5-years and the persistent full interpretability of treated target lesions by MR-A after stent-placement encourage further prospective assessment of this deBVS in treatment of PAD in the BTK-region.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0313696","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]],"date-time":"2025-01-24T19:15:29Z","timestamp":1737746129000},"page":"e0313696","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Magnetic resonance angiography in diagnostic long-term follow-up of primary patency of the MOTIV drug-eluting bioresorbable vascular scaffold in the region below the knee: 5 years of experience"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1418-7924","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Christian","family":"Nasel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Kirschner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karoline","family":"Rizzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Schweinhammer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8278-9583","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ewald","family":"Moser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0313696.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2011.07.099","article-title":"Randomized comparison of everolimus-eluting versus bare-metal stents in patients with critical limb ischemia and infrapopliteal arterial occlusive disease","volume":"55","author":"M Bosiers","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Vascular Surgery"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0313696.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2012.04.035","article-title":"Sirolimus-eluting stents for treatment of infrapopliteal arteries reduce clinical event rate compared to bare-metal stents: long-term results from a randomized trial","volume":"60","author":"A Rastan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of the American College of Cardiology"},{"issue":"22","key":"pone.0313696.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2290","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2012.08.989","article-title":"A prospective randomized multicenter comparison of balloon angioplasty and infrapopliteal stenting with the sirolimus-eluting stent in patients with ischemic peripheral arterial disease: 1-year results from the ACHILLES trial","volume":"60","author":"D Scheinert","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of the American College of Cardiology"},{"issue":"15","key":"pone.0313696.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1580","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2009.11.072","article-title":"Preventing Leg Amputations in Critical Limb Ischemia With Below-the-Knee Drug-Eluting Stents","volume":"55","author":"AJ Feiring","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of the American College of Cardiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0313696.ref005","first-page":"308","article-title":"[Absorbable coronary stents. New promising technology].","volume":"32","author":"R Erbel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Herz"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0313696.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1583\/04-1349R.1","article-title":"Preliminary results after application of absorbable metal stents in patients with critical limb ischemia.","volume":"12","author":"P Peeters","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Endovasc Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0313696.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCINTERVENTIONS.115.002388","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging of bioresorbable vascular scaffolds: potential approach for noninvasive evaluation of coronary patency.","volume":"8","author":"S Reiss","year":"2015","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Interv."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0313696.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0191413","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0191413","article-title":"Coronary magnetic resonance imaging after routine implantation of bioresorbable vascular scaffolds allows non-invasive evaluation of vascular patency.","volume":"13","author":"MJ Lipinski","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0313696.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2305637","article-title":"Drug-Eluting Resorbable Scaffold versus Angioplasty for Infrapopliteal Artery Disease","volume":"390","author":"RL Varcoe","year":"2024","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"pone.0313696.ref010","article-title":"Absorbable Drug Eluting Stents May Bring LIFE to the Treatment of Below the Knee Lesions in Peripheral Arterial Disease.","author":"J Nordanstig","year":"2024","journal-title":"European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery"},{"key":"pone.0313696.ref011","author":"C. Nasel","year":"2024","journal-title":"Judgement of Vessel Patency Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Infrapoplietal Artery Disease After Treatment with a Drug-Eluting Bioresorbable Scaffold"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0313696.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1177\/1526602815592206","article-title":"An Update on Methods for Revascularization and Expansion of the TASC Lesion Classification to Include Below-the-Knee Arteries","volume":"22","author":"MR Jaff","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Endovascular Therapy"},{"key":"pone.0313696.ref013","author":"WMA","year":"2021","journal-title":"World Medical Association\u2014Declaration of Helsinki"},{"issue":"18","key":"pone.0313696.ref014","first-page":"1832","article-title":"6-Month Clinical and Angiographic Outcomes of a Novel Radiopaque Sirolimus-Eluting Bioresorbable Vascular Scaffold.","volume":"10","author":"A Abizaid","year":"2017","journal-title":"JACC: Cardiovascular Interventions."},{"issue":"23","key":"pone.0313696.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2371","DOI":"10.1016\/S0142-9612(00)00104-6","article-title":"Hydrolytic degradation of tyrosine-derived polycarbonates, a class of new biomaterials. Part I: study of model compounds.","volume":"21","author":"V Tangpasuthadol","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"issue":"23","key":"pone.0313696.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2379","DOI":"10.1016\/S0142-9612(00)00105-8","article-title":"Hydrolytic degradation of tyrosine-derived polycarbonates, a class of new biomaterials. Part II: 3-yr study of polymeric devices.","volume":"21","author":"V Tangpasuthadol","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0313696.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carrev.2017.02.003","article-title":"Follow-up of coronary artery patency after implantation of bioresorbable coronary scaffolds: The emerging role of magnetic coronary artery imaging","volume":"18","author":"M Zuin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cardiovascular Revascularization Medicine"},{"key":"pone.0313696.ref018","article-title":"Sjoberg and, Mark Baillie and, Charlotta Fruechtenicht and, Steven Haesendonckx and, Treis T.","author":"D Daniel","year":"2024","journal-title":"ggsurvfit: Flexible Time-to-Event Figures"},{"key":"pone.0313696.ref019","volume-title":"Modeling Survival Data: Extending the {C}ox Model.","author":"M Terry","year":"2000"},{"key":"pone.0313696.ref020","unstructured":"R-Development CoreTeam. R: a language and environment for statistical computing. R version 4.1.2 ed: R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. ISBN 3-900051-07-0; 2021."},{"key":"pone.0313696.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-24277-4","volume-title":"ggplot2: Elegant Graphics for Data Analysis","author":"H. Wickham","year":"2016"},{"key":"pone.0313696.ref022","author":"D Meyer","journal-title":"VCD: visualizing categorical data. 1.4\u20134 ed2017"},{"key":"pone.0313696.ref023","author":"Eclipse Foundation","journal-title":"The Community for Open Innovation and Collaboration"},{"key":"pone.0313696.ref024","author":"S. Wahlbrink","journal-title":"StatET for R. Eclipse based IDE for the statistical programing language R 2020"},{"issue":"24","key":"pone.0313696.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2497","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.02.013","article-title":"2024 ACC\/AHA\/AACVPR\/APMA\/ABC\/SCAI\/SVM\/SVN\/SVS\/SIR\/VESS Guideline for the Management of Lower Extremity Peripheral Artery Disease","volume":"83","author":"HL Gornik","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of the American College of Cardiology"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0313696.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2020.10.007","article-title":"Comparison Between Below Knee Contrast Enhanced Tomographic 3D Ultrasound and CT, MR or Catheter Angiography for Peripheral Artery Imaging.","volume":"61","author":"S Rogers","year":"2021","journal-title":"European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0313696.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5334\/jbsr.3385","article-title":"Peripheral Artery Disease: Why Do We Need CT Imaging?","volume":"108","author":"T. Jardinet","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of the Belgian Society of Radiology."},{"key":"pone.0313696.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111539","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2024.111539","article-title":"Utility of Dual-Energy Computed Tomography in lesion characterization and treatment planning for peripheral Chronic Total Occlusions: A comprehensive analysis of crossing difficulty","volume":"176","author":"N Matthaiou","year":"2024","journal-title":"European Journal of Radiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0313696.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1093\/rpd\/ncac277","article-title":"Comparison of the 64- and 80-Detector Row Computed Tomography among the Ct Number and Radiation Dose during Lower Extremity Computed Tomography Angiography","volume":"199","author":"R Moriwake","year":"2023","journal-title":"Radiation Protection Dosimetry"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0313696.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2483071686","article-title":"DNA double-strand breaks after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty","volume":"248","author":"D Geisel","year":"2008","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"20","key":"pone.0313696.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"iii-iv, xi-xiii, 1","DOI":"10.3310\/hta11200","article-title":"A systematic review of duplex ultrasound, magnetic resonance angiography and computed tomography angiography for the diagnosis and assessment of symptomatic, lower limb peripheral arterial disease.","volume":"11","author":"R Collins","year":"2007","journal-title":"Health Technol Assess"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0313696.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1007\/s10554-017-1251-7","article-title":"Comparative assessment of three drug eluting stents with different platforms but with the same biodegradable polymer and the drug based on quantitative coronary angiography and optical coherence tomography at 12-month follow-up.","volume":"34","author":"RJ Gil","year":"2017","journal-title":"The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging."},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0313696.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-23-0877","article-title":"The Absorb GT1 Bioresorbable Vascular Scaffold System-5-Year Post-Market Surveillance Study in Japan \u2015","volume":"88","author":"M Nakamura","year":"2024","journal-title":"Circulation Journal"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0313696.ref034","first-page":"900","article-title":"Impact of Strut Width in Periprocedural Myocardial Infarction.","volume":"8","author":"H Kawamoto","year":"2015","journal-title":"JACC: Cardiovascular Interventions."},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0313696.ref035","article-title":"Clinical and Angiographic Outcomes With a Novel Radiopaque Sirolimus-Eluting Bioresorbable Vascular Scaffold","volume":"12","author":"B Chevalier","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circulation: Cardiovascular Interventions"},{"key":"pone.0313696.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100368","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2022.100368","article-title":"Advances in the development of biodegradable coronary stents: A translational perspective","volume":"16","author":"J Zong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Materials Today Bio"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0313696.ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.2967\/jnmt.118.220012","article-title":"Pharmacology, Part 5: CT and MRI Contrast Media.","volume":"47","author":"GM Currie","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0313696.ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2020202903","article-title":"Use of Intravenous Gadolinium-based Contrast Media in Patients with Kidney Disease: Consensus Statements from the American College of Radiology and the National Kidney Foundation.","volume":"298","author":"JC Weinreb","year":"2021","journal-title":"Radiology"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0313696","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]],"date-time":"2025-01-24T19:15:48Z","timestamp":1737746148000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0313696"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Wenguo","family":"Cui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0313696","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]]}}}