{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,25]],"date-time":"2025-01-25T05:27:09Z","timestamp":1737782829774,"version":"3.33.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]],"date-time":"2025-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737676800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Research Encouragement Program of Juntendo University, Faculty of Health and Sports Scienc"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study explored the relationship between floating toes and athletic performance among collegiate track and field athletes. A total of 422 athletes (sprinters, jumpers, and distance runners) and 136 controls participated in this study. Plantar surface images were captured using a specially designed foot scanner during standing to calculate the floating toe score. The score, which sums the floating toe points of all toes, categorizes them into \u2018floating toe\u2019, \u2018incomplete contact\u2019, or \u2018normal toe\u2019. The World Athletics score served as a measure of athletic performance. Overall, collegiate track and field athletes had a significantly higher mean floating toe score (14.22 \u00b1 4.87 points) than controls (11.06 \u00b1 6.05 points) (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05), suggesting that fewer floating toes may confer a performance advantage. Within the track and field events, sprinters and jumpers showed significantly higher floating toe scores than distance runners (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05), emphasizing the variations in floating toes across different events. Although no significant correlation between floating toe score and World Athletics score was observed overall, a significantly negative correlation was found among distance runners (r = -0.25, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.006), indicating that distance runners with higher athletic performance tend to have more pronounced floating toes. These findings suggest a nuanced relationship between floating toes and various aspects of track and field performance, particularly in distance running.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0314087","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]],"date-time":"2025-01-24T18:41:36Z","timestamp":1737744096000},"page":"e0314087","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Relationship between floating toe score and performance in track and field athletes"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2710-9391","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yohei","family":"Yamazaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0140-0973","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hiroaki","family":"Noro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4299-6294","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Keiichiro","family":"Hata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Misato","family":"Ishikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-5799-9359","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hiyo","family":"Inaba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazuhiko","family":"Yamazaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryoichi","family":"Murayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hideyuki","family":"Arikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aya","family":"Miyamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5360-4305","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Toshio","family":"Yanagiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0314087.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1589\/jpts.23.33","article-title":"Occurrence of Floating Toe from the Viewpoint of the Structure of Foot Arch","volume":"23","author":"K Fukuyama","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Physical Therapy Science"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0314087.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1589\/jpts.32.342","article-title":"Athletic event-specific characteristics in floating toes during the static standing posture","volume":"32","author":"T Yanagiya","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Phys Ther Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0314087.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1589\/jpts.31.282","article-title":"Relationship between foot alignment and floating toes classified in static and dynamic conditions in females","volume":"31","author":"R Saito","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Phys Ther Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0314087.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0246010","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0246010","article-title":"Prevalence of floating toe and its relationship with static postural stability in children: The Yamanashi adjunct study of the Japan Environment and Children\u2019s Study (JECS-Y)","volume":"16","author":"T Fujimaki","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0314087.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1589\/jpts.36.181","article-title":"Relationship between the floating toe and the center-of-pressure position in an upright posture among students","volume":"36","author":"K Koyama","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Phys Ther Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0314087.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2322","DOI":"10.1589\/jpts.28.2322","article-title":"Association between floating toe and toe grip strength in school age children: a cross-sectional study","volume":"28","author":"S Tasaka","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Phys Ther Sci"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0314087.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3159","DOI":"10.1589\/jpts.27.3159","article-title":"Incidence of floating toe and its association with the physique and foot morphology of Japanese children","volume":"27","author":"T Araki","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Phys Ther Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0314087.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1186\/s13047-023-00685-1","article-title":"Are floating toes associated with lifestyle in children? 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