{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T13:49:06Z","timestamp":1788356946760,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,6]],"date-time":"2024-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733443200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/zero\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014718","name":"Innovative Research Group Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014718","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Cytospora chrysosperma<\/jats:italic> is the primary pathogen responsible for walnut rot disease, affecting a wide variety of hosts. Currently, chemical agents, particularly agricultural Fungicides, are commonly utilized for the prevention and management of walnut rot. However, this practice has led to the development of drug-resistant pathogens, complicating disease control efforts. This study aimed to propose a safer and more efficient biocontrol strategy for combating walnut rot disease. The research focused on targeting <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>chrysosperma<\/jats:italic>, and through cross-confrontation methods, an antagonistic strain named <jats:italic>Paecilomyces lilacinus<\/jats:italic> 5\u201338 was isolated from walnut rhizosphere soil, exhibiting a significant inhibitory effect on <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>chrysosperma<\/jats:italic> with an inhibition rate of 78.71%. Results indicated that strain 5\u201338 not only demonstrated effective control but also displayed a broad-spectrum antifungal activity. The study also investigated the impact of different concentrations of antagonistic fermentation filtrate on <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>chrysosperma<\/jats:italic> mycelia, revealing a stronger inhibitory effect with increasing concentrations and a degree of thermal stability. Pot experiments demonstrated that a concentration of 150 mg\/ml of antagonistic fermentation filtrate enhanced seed germination rates and various growth parameters of walnut seedlings, including seedling height, root length, root number, leaf area, and dry weight. Specifically, seedlings treated with <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>lilacinus<\/jats:italic> 5\u201338 showed significant increases of 30.12%, 33.89%, 81.89%, 6.83%, and 98.26% in these respective parameters. This study represents the first documentation of <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>lilacinus<\/jats:italic> as a promising biological agent for walnut rot control.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0314160","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,6]],"date-time":"2024-12-06T18:31:42Z","timestamp":1733509902000},"page":"e0314160","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Identification and growth-promoting effect of Paecilomyces lilacinus a biocontrol fungi for walnut rot disease"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-0525-3049","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zhi-Jin","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu-Lu","family":"Shan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4553-173X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xiao-Fei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0314160.ref001","first-page":"59","volume-title":"Chinzse fruit trees[M].","author":"RT Qie","year":"1996"},{"key":"pone.0314160.ref002","volume-title":"The Xinjiang Statistical Yearbook[M].","author":"The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Bureau of Statistics","year":"2022"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0314160.ref003","first-page":"859","article-title":"Isolation and identification of the antagonistic bacteria against walnut canker in Xinjiang[J].","volume":"52","author":"R Ma","year":"2015","journal-title":"Tursunjan Maimaitiali.Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0314160.ref004","first-page":"443","article-title":"Symptoms of walnut canker disease and identification of pathogenic bacteria[J]","volume":"31","author":"Y Ma","journal-title":"Journal of Fruit Science"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0314160.ref005","first-page":"17","article-title":"Ilsolation and identification of pathogen of walnut rot disease[J]","volume":"38","author":"HJ Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"China Plant Protection"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0314160.ref006","first-page":"103","article-title":"Control Effect of Five Fungicides Rot Disease Prevention on KorlaPear[J].","volume":"11","author":"J Guo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Northern Horticulture"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0314160.ref007","first-page":"68","article-title":"Selection and identification of antagonist Alternaria al-termate and initial analysis of its antipathogenic activity[J]","volume":"37","author":"XL Yang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0314160.ref008","first-page":"132","article-title":"Study overview and outlook of Puecilomyces lilacinus[J].","volume":"26","author":"Li fang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Insect natural enemy,"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0314160.ref009","first-page":"20","article-title":"36-1 bacterial antagonism against plant-pathogenic fungi [J].","volume":"12","author":"MZ Wang","year":"1996","journal-title":"Biological control in China"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0314160.ref010","first-page":"91","article-title":"Effect of single and tnix-ture of antagonistic fungi on the control of root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita[J]","volume":"71","author":"H. 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