{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T06:51:52Z","timestamp":1774335112194,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,2]],"date-time":"2025-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735776000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Monitoring core temperature is important for patients under anesthesia. Esophageal and pulmonary artery blood temperatures can be used for measuring core temperature during general anesthesia. However, these methods pose challenges, especially when the placement of an esophageal thermometer and pulmonary artery catheter (PAC) is either impractical or not the preferred approach. An endotracheal tube (ETT) with a thermometer on the cuff allows for the measurement of tracheal temperature, providing a suitable alternative to core temperature measurement. This study aimed to assess the clinical reliability and accuracy of the thermometer in the ETT in comparison to the core temperature measured using a PAC.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Eleven patients who underwent coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery were enrolled in this study. The patients were intubated using an ETT equipped with a thermometer on the cuff, and a PAC was inserted. Temperature measurements of both the trachea and pulmonary artery blood were recorded at 5-minute intervals for 1 hour before starting cardiopulmonary bypass. The agreement between the two temperature measurement methods was investigated using the Bland-Altman plot with multiple measurements per subject, and the correlation was evaluated using the concordance correlation coefficient (CCC).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Eleven patients with a total of 143 pairs of data were included for analysis. The mean difference between the tracheal and pulmonary artery temperatures was \u22120.10\u00b0C. The 95% limit of agreement (LoA), calculated as \u00b1 1.96 standard deviation, ranged from \u22120.35\u00b0C to 0.15\u00b0C. The 95% confidence interval for the lower and upper LoA was \u22120.51\u00b0C to \u22120.27\u00b0C and 0.07\u00b0C to 0.31\u00b0C, respectively. The maximum allowed difference (\u0394) was set at 0.5\u00b0C. The majority of temperature differences fell within the LoA and were well below the maximum allowed difference. The CCC was 0.95, which indicates a substantial strength of agreement.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The agreement between the tracheal and pulmonary artery temperature measurements using the ETT thermometer and pulmonary artery catheter, respectively, was found to be clinically reliable and accurate. Therefore, the tracheal temperature measurement can effectively represent the core temperature of the patients. Employing an ETT equipped with a thermometer on the cuff can serve as a reliable and independent method for measuring core temperature.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec005\">\n<jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Clinical trial registration number:<\/jats:bold> <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT05595616\" xlink:type=\"simple\">NCT05595616<\/jats:ext-link>.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0314322","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,2]],"date-time":"2025-01-02T19:26:14Z","timestamp":1735845974000},"page":"e0314322","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Comparison of core temperature using tracheal thermometer and pulmonary artery catheter in adult patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7183-1811","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Seyeon","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hee Young","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hye-Jin","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jieun","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seo-Ho","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yeon-Soo","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dong-Hyeon","family":"Ha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Da-Eun","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9511-4566","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ji-Uk","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0314322.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000001695","article-title":"Evaluation of the temple touch pro, a novel noninvasive core-temperature monitoring system.","volume":"125","author":"S Evron","year":"2017","journal-title":"Anesthesia & Analgesia."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0314322.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000003481","article-title":"Perioperative Temperature Monitoring.","volume":"134","author":"DI Sessler","year":"2021","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"20","key":"pone.0314322.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10606","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph182010606","article-title":"Core Temperature Measurement\u2014Principles of Correct Measurement, Problems, and Complications","volume":"18","author":"H Hymczak","year":"2021","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"},{"key":"pone.0314322.ref004","article-title":"Monitoring Body Core Temperature from the Trachea.","volume":"83","author":"J Hayes","year":"1995","journal-title":"ANESTHESIOLOGY-PHILADELPHIA THEN HAGERSTOWN-."},{"key":"pone.0314322.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A563","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199209001-00563","article-title":"Tracheal cuff as a new core temperature site","volume":"77","author":"Y Kawano","year":"1992","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0314322.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2009.10.001","article-title":"Statistical methods for assessing agreement between two methods of clinical measurement","volume":"47","author":"JM Bland","year":"2010","journal-title":"International journal of nursing studies"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0314322.ref007","article-title":"Sample size for assessing agreement between two methods of measurement by Bland\u2212 Altman method.","volume":"12","author":"M-J Lu","year":"2016","journal-title":"The International Journal of Biostatistics"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0314322.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1569","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e3181e47a20","article-title":"Temperature monitored on the cuff surface of an endotracheal tube reflects body temperature.","volume":"38","author":"M Haugk","year":"2010","journal-title":"Critical care medicine."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0314322.ref009","first-page":"1","article-title":"Comparison of tracheal temperature and core temperature measurement in living donor liver transplant recipients: a clinical comparative study.","volume":"22","author":"S-M Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC anesthesiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0314322.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/cc974","article-title":"Measurement of tracheal temperature is not a reliable index of total respiratory heat loss in mechanically ventilated patients.","volume":"5","author":"L Thomachot","year":"2000","journal-title":"Critical Care."},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0314322.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-199304000-00020","article-title":"The utility of tracheal temperature monitoring.","volume":"76","author":"M Yamakage","year":"1993","journal-title":"Anesthesia & Analgesia."}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0314322","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,2]],"date-time":"2025-01-02T19:26:24Z","timestamp":1735845984000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0314322"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Ey\u00fcp Serhat","family":"\u00c7al\u0131k","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,2]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0314322","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,2]]}}}