{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T10:28:06Z","timestamp":1788431286721,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]],"date-time":"2024-12-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735603200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The evolution of NAFLD, MAFLD, and MASLD underscores significant advancements and nomenclatural shifts in the realm of chronic liver disorders. This study primarily aimed to investigate the possible link between serum selenium levels and the occurrence of MASLD.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Utilizing data from NHANES for the years 2017 through 2020, we performed an in-depth analysis. To evaluate the relationship between serum selenium concentrations and the prevalence of MASLD and liver fibrosis, we employed a comprehensive multivariable analysis. This approach accounted for a range of variables to enhance the robustness and reliability of our results by mitigating potential confounding factors.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Through the application of linear regression models, our comprehensive data analysis revealed significant insights. Elevated serum selenium levels exhibited a distinct positive correlation with CAP, whereas an inverse relationship with LSM was observed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that higher serum selenium concentrations were significantly associated with an increased likelihood of MASLD, alongside a marked reduction in the probability of liver fibrosis.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The findings of this study highlight a significant positive association between elevated serum selenium levels, CAP, and the prevalence of MASLD, coupled with an inverse relationship with LSM and liver fibrosis.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0314780","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]],"date-time":"2024-12-31T19:00:59Z","timestamp":1735671659000},"page":"e0314780","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Association of serum selenium with MASLD and liver fibrosis: A cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Wenying","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Weng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3874-8722","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yufei","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0314780.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-021-00448-y","article-title":"The complex link between NAFLD and type 2 diabetes mellitus\u2014mechanisms and treatments","volume":"18","author":"G TARGHER","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"pone.0314780.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S17","DOI":"10.3350\/cmh.2022.0367","article-title":"MAFLD: How is it different from NAFLD?","volume":"29","author":"C GOFTON","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Mol Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0314780.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.03.039","article-title":"A new definition for metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease: An international expert consensus statement [J]","volume":"73","author":"M ESLAM","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0314780.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aohep.2023.101133","article-title":"A multisociety Delphi consensus statement on new fatty liver disease nomenclature","volume":"29","author":"M E RINELLA","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann Hepatol"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0314780.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2337494","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.37494","article-title":"Selenium and Vitamin E for Prevention of Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer Recurrence and Progression: A Randomized Clinical Trial","volume":"6","author":"RT BRYAN","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0314780.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00039.2013","article-title":"Selenoproteins: molecular pathways and physiological roles","volume":"94","author":"V M LABUNSKYY","year":"2014","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"pone.0314780.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113647","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.113647","article-title":"Association of blood manganese, selenium with steatosis, fibrosis in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2017\u201318","volume":"213","author":"M SPAUR","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0314780.ref008","first-page":"2259","article-title":"The association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and advanced fibrosis with blood selenium level based on the NHANES 2017\u20132018","volume":"54","author":"J LIU","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Med"},{"key":"pone.0314780.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1301319","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2023.1301319","article-title":"Associations of multiple toxic metal exposures with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease: NHANES 2011\u20132018","volume":"10","author":"Y LI","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"key":"pone.0314780.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1272321","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2023.1272321","article-title":"Association between dietary intakes of B vitamins and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in postmenopausal women: a cross-sectional study","volume":"10","author":"J LI","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"key":"pone.0314780.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1022928","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.1022928","article-title":"Associations of serum folate and vitamin C levels with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in US adults: A nationwide cross-sectional study","volume":"10","author":"Y JIANG","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0314780.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2016.05.014","article-title":"Factors associated with significant liver steatosis and fibrosis as assessed by transient elastography in patients with one or more components of the metabolic syndrome","volume":"30","author":"I MIKOLASEVIC","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Diabetes Complications"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0314780.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2024.01.014","article-title":"Clinical profiles and mortality rates are similar for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"80","author":"Z M YOUNOSSI","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0314780.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2022.1609","article-title":"Association Between Psoriasis and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Among Outpatient US Adults","volume":"158","author":"Z RUAN","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"issue":"19","key":"pone.0314780.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2020","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.14854","article-title":"The Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans","volume":"320","author":"K L PIERCY","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"pone.0314780.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S81","DOI":"10.2337\/dc14-S081","article-title":"Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus [J]","volume":"37","author":"AMERICAN DIABETES A.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"19","key":"pone.0314780.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.11.005","article-title":"2017 ACC\/AHA\/AAPA\/ABC\/ACPM\/AGS\/APhA\/ASH\/ASPC\/NMA\/PCNA Guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults: Executive Summary: A Report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines","volume":"71","author":"P K WHELTON","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0314780.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jand.2018.05.007","article-title":"Dietary Guidelines 2020\u20132025: Update on Academy Efforts","volume":"119","author":"PA. TUMA","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Acad Nutr Diet"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0314780.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aohep.2020.03.006","article-title":"Blood lead level is associated with advanced liver fibrosis in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A nationwide survey (NHANES 2011\u20132016)","volume":"19","author":"D REJA","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Hepatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0314780.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6706a3","article-title":"Prevalence of Obesity Among Youths by Household Income and Education Level of Head of Household\u2014United States 2011\u20132014","volume":"67","author":"C L OGDEN","year":"2018","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"pone.0314780.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1000403","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.1000403","article-title":"Lead exposure as a causative factor for metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and a lead exposure related nomogram for MAFLD prevalence","volume":"10","author":"C YANG","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0314780.ref022","article-title":"Selenium-Dependent Antioxidant Enzymes: Actions and Properties of Selenoproteins","volume":"7","author":"E ZOIDIS","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antioxidants (Basel)"},{"key":"pone.0314780.ref023","first-page":"2074","article-title":"An Overview of Selenium Uptake, Metabolism, and Toxicity in Plants","volume":"7","author":"M GUPTA","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front Plant Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0314780.ref024","article-title":"The Role and Mechanisms of Selenium Supplementation on Fatty Liver-Associated Disorder","volume":"11","author":"L XU","year":"2022","journal-title":"Antioxidants (Basel)"},{"issue":"21","key":"pone.0314780.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21828","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-019-05397-3","article-title":"Effect of selenium nanoparticles against abnormal fatty acid metabolism induced by hexavalent chromium in chicken\u2019s liver","volume":"26","author":"M LUO","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ Sci Pollut Res Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0314780.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-013-9734-4","article-title":"Relative and combined effects of selenium, protein deficiency and ethanol on hepatocyte ballooning and liver steatosis","volume":"154","author":"E GONZALEZ-REIMERS","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biol Trace Elem Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0314780.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1062","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2015.11.006","article-title":"Adipokines in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"65","author":"S A POLYZOS","year":"2016","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0314780.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1244","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1746.2001.02621.x","article-title":"Anti-oxidant ebselen causes the resolution of experimentally induced hepatic fibrosis in rats","volume":"16","author":"S WASSER","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0314780.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1007\/s10753-013-9761-5","article-title":"Selenium inhibits LPS-induced pro-inflammatory gene expression by modulating MAPK and NF-kappaB signaling pathways in mouse mammary epithelial cells in primary culture","volume":"37","author":"W ZHANG","year":"2014","journal-title":"Inflammation"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0314780.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101491","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aohep.2024.101491","article-title":"Dietary macro and micronutrients associated with MASLD: Analysis of a national US cohort database","volume":"29","author":"M NEMER","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann Hepatol"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0314780.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1625","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.116.229955","article-title":"High Dietary Selenium Intake Alters Lipid Metabolism and Protein Synthesis in Liver and Muscle of Pigs","volume":"146","author":"Z ZHAO","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"issue":"24","key":"pone.0314780.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8852","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0308096101","article-title":"Development of insulin resistance and obesity in mice overexpressing cellular glutathione peroxidase","volume":"101","author":"J P MCCLUNG","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"pone.0314780.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2021.111190","article-title":"Serum selenium and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in U.S. adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011\u20132016","volume":"197","author":"X WANG","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0314780.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1080\/00325481.2019.1701864","article-title":"Gender difference in the association of serum selenium with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality","volume":"132","author":"J LI","year":"2020","journal-title":"Postgrad Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0314780.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2065","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23937","article-title":"Drug-induced acute liver failure: results of a U.S. multicenter, prospective study","volume":"52","author":"A REUBEN","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"pone.0314780.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1412516","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2024.1412516","article-title":"Association between composite dietary antioxidant index and metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease: result from NHANES, 2017\u20132020","volume":"11","author":"Z ZHANG","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Nutr"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0314780","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]],"date-time":"2024-12-31T19:01:12Z","timestamp":1735671672000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0314780"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Anna","family":"Di Sessa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0314780","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]]}}}