{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]],"date-time":"2026-03-02T14:16:40Z","timestamp":1772461000443,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,2]],"date-time":"2025-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735776000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Shenzhen Science and Technology Program","award":["No. JCYJ20230807153604010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. JCYJ20230807153604010"]}]},{"name":"Shenzhen High-level Hospital Construction Fund","award":["No. G2022157"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. G2022157"]}]},{"name":"Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Tuberculosis","award":["No. 20210617141509001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 20210617141509001"]}]},{"name":"National College Students' innovation and entrepreneurship training program","award":["202310661058"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202310661058"]}]},{"name":"Students' innovation and entrepreneurship training program of Guizhou Province","award":["S202310661110"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["S202310661110"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The emergence of drug-resistant Tuberculosis (TB) has made treatment challenging. Although fluoroquinolones (FQs) are used as key drugs in the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), the problem of FQs resistance is becoming increasingly serious. Rifampicin (RIF) resistance is considered a risk factor for FQs resistance. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of RIF and isoniazid (INH) resistance on the FQs resistance in vitro experiment.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>FQs resistant strains were selected in vitro from RIF and\/or INH resistant <jats:italic>Mycobacterium smegmatis<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>sm<\/jats:italic>). The sequencing of the <jats:italic>gyrA<\/jats:italic> gene, and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of FQs (ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin) were performed for FQs-resistant strains.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A total of 222 FQs-resistant <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>sm<\/jats:italic> strains were selected, all of which had the <jats:italic>gyrA<\/jats:italic> mutation. Seven <jats:italic>gyrA<\/jats:italic> mutations were detected, with mutations at loci 90 and 94 being the most common. There were no differences in FQs resistance developed from RIF and\/or INH resistant <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>sm<\/jats:italic>. There was a significant difference in the MIC of the <jats:italic>gyrA<\/jats:italic> mutant types to FQs. The highest resistance to FQs was observed in the Gly88Cys mutant strains. <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>sm<\/jats:italic> with the identical <jats:italic>gyrA<\/jats:italic> mutation showed the highest resistance to ciprofloxacin and relatively low resistance to gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>In this study, we found no evidence that RIF and\/or INH resistance directly affects FQs resistance in <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>sm<\/jats:italic> in vitro experiments. Resistance profiles of different <jats:italic>gryA<\/jats:italic> mutations to the four FQs drugs were also presented. These findings provide a more comprehensive understanding of FQs resistance.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0315512","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,2]],"date-time":"2025-01-02T19:25:07Z","timestamp":1735845907000},"page":"e0315512","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Rifampicin and isoniazid resistance not promote fluoroquinolone resistance in Mycobacterium smegmatis"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Qin","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Na","family":"Pu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ge","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hangchi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xudong","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaomin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3467-3871","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Peng","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0315512.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1547","DOI":"10.1111\/jam.14478","article-title":"Recent updates on drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"128","author":"R Singh","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Appl Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0315512.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-5247(22)00359-7","article-title":"WHO\u2019s Global Tuberculosis Report 2022","volume":"4","author":"S. 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