{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T22:48:36Z","timestamp":1792795716620,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]],"date-time":"2025-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737504000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Using the Ordos Basin dry sandstone and sandstone saturated with different saline concentrations as research subjects, a self-developed constant temperature and pressure CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    injection simulation device was employed to conduct permeability tests on sandstone under varying effective stresses and CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    injection pressures. The test results indicated that during the CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    injection process, the permeability of dry sandstone was two orders of magnitude higher than that of sandstones saturated with different saline concentrations. When the effective stress increases from 10 MPa to 28 MPa, the fissure compressibility of reservoir sandstone is influenced by the saturation of different saline concentrations, with the compressibility coefficients for 0%, 15%, and 30% saline-saturated sandstone being 0.00495 MPa\u207b\n                    <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>\n                    , 0.00614 MPa\u207b\n                    <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>\n                    , and 0.01879 MPa\u207b\n                    <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>\n                    , respectively. The primary reasons for the reduced permeability of sandstone are as follows: supercritical CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    lowers the mechanical properties of sandstone; high-concentration saline induces crystallization within the sandstone, resulting in a blockage effect. High-concentration saline increases the fissure compressibility of sandstone, decreases the permeability of the sandstone reservoir, and ultimately affects the injectability of the CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    in the reservoir.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0317134","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]],"date-time":"2025-01-22T13:38:19Z","timestamp":1737553099000},"page":"e0317134","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Experimental study on the effect of CO2 injection on the permeability characteristics of reservoir sandstone"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Bing","family":"Liang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yangqi","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0106-6303","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Weiji","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xu","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guotao","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"03","key":"pone.0317134.ref001","first-page":"15","article-title":"Ecaluation of Effective CO2 Geological Sequestration Potential of Deep Saline Aquifer in Ordos Basin.","volume":"6","author":"Z Bing","year":"2019","journal-title":"Unconventional Oil and Gas."},{"issue":"S1","key":"pone.0317134.ref002","first-page":"181","article-title":"Progress in leakage study of geological CO2 storage.","volume":"38","author":"X Jian","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rock and Soil Mechanics."},{"issue":"04","key":"pone.0317134.ref003","first-page":"837","article-title":"Evolution of coalbed methane output and reservoirpermeability under CO2 injection.","volume":"39","author":"N Guanhua","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Mining and Safety Engineering."},{"issue":"05","key":"pone.0317134.ref004","first-page":"43","article-title":"Experimental study of the influences of CO2 injection on stress-strain and perme-ability of coal reservoir","volume":"46","author":"N Qinghe","year":"2018","journal-title":"Coal Geology and Exploration"},{"issue":"02","key":"pone.0317134.ref005","first-page":"54","article-title":"Study on Laws of Coal Seam Permeability Change in CO2-ECBM","volume":"42","author":"G Shasha","year":"2014","journal-title":"Coal Science and Technology"},{"key":"pone.0317134.ref006","article-title":"Implementing a simple 2D constitutive model for rocks into finite element method.","volume":"167","author":"ZX Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Comput Geotech"},{"issue":"03","key":"pone.0317134.ref007","first-page":"513","article-title":"Experimental study on tensile strength of sandstone under biaxial compressive stress","volume":"9","author":"JU Yingtong","year":"2024","journal-title":"Petroleum Science Bulletin"},{"key":"pone.0317134.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tafmec.2024.104691","article-title":"Study on the characteristics of CO2 fracturing rock damage based on fractal theory.","volume":"134","author":"K Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Theor Appl Fract Mec."},{"key":"pone.0317134.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fuel.2023.129584","article-title":"Study on energy distribution and attenuation of CO2 fracturing vibration from coal-like material in a new test platform.","volume":"356","author":"K Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Fuel"},{"key":"pone.0317134.ref010","article-title":"Study on the deterioration and damage evolution characteristics of mechanical properties of siltstone after supercritical CO2 treatment.","volume":"89","author":"JF Hao","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Co2 Util."},{"issue":"06","key":"pone.0317134.ref011","first-page":"1282","article-title":"Gassy coal thermal-hydraulic-mechanical coupling modeland numerical simulation considering adsorption\/desorption thermal effect","volume":"37","author":"H Jianfeng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Mining and Safety Engineering"},{"issue":"02","key":"pone.0317134.ref012","first-page":"79","article-title":"Influence of different injection methods of CO2 flooding on flow capacity of low permeability reservoirs","volume":"31","author":"L Yiwen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency"},{"issue":"04","key":"pone.0317134.ref013","first-page":"411","article-title":"Modeling of sandstone microscopic pore structure and numerical analysis of carbon dioxide seepage paths","volume":"57","author":"L Shuming","year":"2024","journal-title":"Engineering Journal of Wuhan University"},{"issue":"06","key":"pone.0317134.ref014","first-page":"1265","article-title":"Seepage characteristic and mechanism during liquid CO2 displacing CH4 in coal seam.","volume":"39","author":"L Zhenbao","year":"2022"},{"key":"pone.0317134.ref015","article-title":"Complex wettability behavior triggering mechanism on imbibition: A model construction and comparative study based on analysis at multiple scales.","volume":"275","author":"Q Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Energy"},{"issue":"17","key":"pone.0317134.ref016","article-title":"Microscopic Flow of CO2 in Complex Pore Structures: A Recent 10-Year Review.","volume":"15","author":"Q Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sustainability-Basel."},{"key":"pone.0317134.ref017","article-title":"Complexity upgrade and triggering mechanism of mixed-wettability: Comparative study of CO2 displacement in different phases.","volume":"369","author":"WJ Sun","year":"2024","journal-title":"Fuel"},{"issue":"02","key":"pone.0317134.ref018","first-page":"101","article-title":"Mechanism of hydro-mechanical-thermal field coupling for supercritical CO2 seepage","volume":"53","author":"B Bing","year":"2023","journal-title":"Scientia Sinica (Physica,Mechanica and Astronomica)."},{"issue":"04","key":"pone.0317134.ref019","first-page":"760","article-title":"Experimental study of the seepage behavior of CO2 in raw coal under coupled pressures and temperature condition","volume":"48","author":"T Teng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of China University of Mining and Technology"},{"key":"pone.0317134.ref020","article-title":"CO-brine-rock interactions altering the mineralogical, physical, and mechanical properties of carbonate-rich shale oil reservoirs.","volume":"256","author":"SH Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Energy"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0317134.ref021","first-page":"281","article-title":"Draft ISRM suggested method for the complete stress-strain curve for intact rock in uniaxial compression.","volume":"36","author":"CE Fairhurst","year":"1999","journal-title":"International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences and Geomechanics."},{"key":"pone.0317134.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jct.2017.09.019","article-title":"Demonstration of gas-hydrate assisted carbon dioxide storage through horizontal injection in lab-scale reservoir","volume":"117","author":"M Massah","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Chem Thermodyn"},{"key":"pone.0317134.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3051","DOI":"10.1016\/j.egypro.2014.11.328","article-title":"Permeability evolution in sandstone due to injection of CO2-saturated brine or supercritical CO2 at reservoir conditions.","volume":"63","author":"S Iglauer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Energy Procedia."},{"key":"pone.0317134.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemgeo.2015.03.014","article-title":"Numerical simulation of porosity and permeability evolution of Mount Simon sandstone under geological carbon sequestration conditions","volume":"403","author":"LW Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chem Geol"},{"key":"pone.0317134.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104011","DOI":"10.1016\/j.advwatres.2021.104011","article-title":"Salt precipitation during geological sequestration of supercritical CO2 in saline aquifers: A pore-scale experimental investigation","volume":"155","author":"D Akindipe","year":"2021","journal-title":"Advances in Water Resources"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0317134.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1002\/2013GL058534","article-title":"Rapid porosity and permeability changes of calcareous sandstone due to CO2-enriched brine injection","volume":"41","author":"B Lamy-Chappuis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Geophysical Research Letters"},{"key":"pone.0317134.ref027","article-title":"Hydrologic and geomechanical characterization of deep sedimentary rocks and basement for safe carbon sequestration in the Cook Inlet Basin, Alaska\u2014ScienceDirect.","volume":"106","author":"A SP","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control"},{"key":"pone.0317134.ref028","first-page":"82","volume-title":"Study on Slippage Effect and Stress Sensitivity of Tight Sandstone","author":"H-y Wang","year":"2023"},{"key":"pone.0317134.ref029","first-page":"280","volume-title":"Supercritical CO2 Permeability in Rock: An Experiment Study","author":"B Ye","year":"2018"},{"key":"pone.0317134.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.energy.2013.01.049","article-title":"Sub- and super-critical carbon dioxide permeability of wellbore materials under geological sequestration conditions: An experimental study.","volume":"54","author":"MCM Nasvi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Energy"},{"issue":"02","key":"pone.0317134.ref031","first-page":"67","article-title":"Laboratory study and prediction on coal permeability of Qinshui basin","volume":"11","author":"Z Guiqiang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of North China Institute of Science and Technology"},{"issue":"04","key":"pone.0317134.ref032","first-page":"76","article-title":"Control of effective stress on permeability in high-rank coal reservoirs","volume":"45","author":"C Shida","year":"2017","journal-title":"Coal Geology and Exploration"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0317134","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]],"date-time":"2025-01-22T13:38:32Z","timestamp":1737553112000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0317134"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Kang","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0317134","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]]}}}