{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T05:59:51Z","timestamp":1760162391386,"version":"3.33.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,15]],"date-time":"2025-01-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736899200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>To investigate the relationship between nocturnal blood pressure (BP) dip and parapapillary choroidal vessel density (pCVD) in patients with normal-tension glaucoma (NTG)<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This study analyzed 267 eyes of 267 untreated NTG patients who underwent 24-hour (h) intraocular pressure (IOP) and ambulatory BP monitoring in the habitual position. Patients were classified into 3 groups [non-dippers (nocturnal BP dip &lt; 10%), dippers (nocturnal BP dip between 10% and 20%, and over-dippers (nocturnal BP dip &gt; 20%)], and pCVDs were measured by using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) images. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify clinical factors associated with \u201cover-dipper\u201d cases. Linear regression analyses were conducted to determine the correlation between various clinical variables and pCVD.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>In clinical characteristics, over-dippers exhibited lower pCVD values compared to non-dippers or dippers (P <jats:italic>=<\/jats:italic> 0.004). High diurnal intraocular pressure (IOP) fluctuation (P <jats:italic>=<\/jats:italic> 0.031), high diurnal mean arterial pressure (MAP) fluctuation (P <jats:italic>=<\/jats:italic> 0.001), and low pCVD (P <jats:italic>=<\/jats:italic> 0.002) were identified as predictors of being \u201cover-dipper\u201d in multivariable logistic regression analyses. Moreover, peripapillary retinal vessel density (P <jats:italic>=<\/jats:italic> 0.040), presence of choroidal microvasculature dropout (P <jats:italic>=<\/jats:italic> 0.039), and nocturnal MAP dip % (P <jats:italic>=<\/jats:italic> 0.002) showed significant correlations with pCVD according to multivariable linear regression analyses.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Over-dippers presented with lower pCVD than non-dippers or dippers as measured by OCTA choroidal images. Low pCVD was a predictor of \u201cover-dipper\u201d cases and associated with a greater percentage of nocturnal MAP dip in NTG patients. 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring may provide further information for detecting low pCVD in NTG patients with nocturnal BP dip.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0317468","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,15]],"date-time":"2025-01-15T18:30:15Z","timestamp":1736965815000},"page":"e0317468","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Relationship between nocturnal blood pressure dip and \u03b2-parapapillary atrophy zone choroidal vessel density in normal-tension glaucoma patients"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Jimin","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Woo Keun","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Min Su","family":"Baek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jooyoung","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ko Eun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7407-596X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Michael S.","family":"Kook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0317468.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(95)31053-6","article-title":"Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in glaucoma. 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