{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T00:14:48Z","timestamp":1792800888636,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]],"date-time":"2025-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740614400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The deanship of research at Jordan University of Science and technology","award":["20210309"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20210309"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"\n Background and Aim<\/jats:title>\n \n The global emergence of\n Acinetobacter baumannii<\/jats:italic>\n is of great concern, especially inside intensive care units (ICUs). This study investigated the prevalence, antibiotic resistance, biofilm formation and genetic relatedness of\n A. baumannii<\/jats:italic>\n recovered from ICU patients in three major hospitals in Jordan.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n The\n A. baumannii<\/jats:italic>\n isolates included in this study were identified by the detection of the\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n \n OXA-51<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:sub>\n gene, and a multiplex PCR assay. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using the disk diffusion and broth microdilution methods, and the\u00a0ability of the isolates to form biofilms was tested using the 96-well plate assay. All isolates were tested for the presence of carbapenemases-encoding genes by PCR. Clonal relatedness was assessed by Rep-PCR and dendrogram analysis.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Overall, 148\n A. baumannii<\/jats:italic>\n isolates were identified, with 96.7% of the isolates recognized as carbapenem resistant\n A. baumannii<\/jats:italic>\n . Based on their resistance patterns, 90% of the isolates were extensively resistant (XDR). The highest prevalence of carbapenemases-encoding genes was for\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n \n OXA-23-like<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:sub>\n (96.7%), followed by\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n \n ADC<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:sub>\n (93.9.2%),\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n \n VIM<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:sub>\n (56.8%) and\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n \n NDM-1<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:sub>\n (7.4%). Almost 80% of the isolates were able to form biofilms, with 63.2% classified as strong biofilm former. Rep-PCR and clustering analysis revealed 26 different clusters and the circulation of hospital-specific clones.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n Our study revealed an alarming high prevalence of XDR,\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n \n OXA-23<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:sub>\n -carrying and strong biofilm-producing\n A. baumannii<\/jats:italic>\n among ICU patients. These findings call for continuous epidemiological surveillance and implementation of prevention strategies to reduce\u00a0infections and dissemination of such a problematic pathogen inside the ICUs.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0317798","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]],"date-time":"2025-02-27T13:31:53Z","timestamp":1740663113000},"page":"e0317798","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Predominance of extensively-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii carrying bla \nOXA-23\n in Jordanian patients admitted to the intensive care units"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1561-1819","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Qutaiba","family":"Ababneh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neda\u2019a","family":"Aldaken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziad","family":"Jaradat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0756-9131","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ekhlas","family":"Al-Rousan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zeina","family":"Inaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dua\u2019a","family":"Alsaleh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dua\u2019a","family":"Alawneh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6871-5326","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sara","family":"Al Sbei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ismail","family":"Saadoun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0317798.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2022.103227","article-title":"Healthcare-associated infections in adult intensive care unit patients: changes in epidemiology, diagnosis, prevention and contributions of new technologies","volume":"70","author":"S Blot","year":"2022","journal-title":"Intensive Crit Care Nurs"},{"key":"pone.0317798.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1045206","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.1045206","article-title":"Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii: a challenge in the intensive care unit","volume":"13","author":"Y Jiang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front 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