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Despite the importance of this agent, research on achieving its elimination from dairy farms is limited, which complicates risk mitigation and control efforts. This study thus aimed to assess the prevalence of <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. Dublin on a farm with a history of outbreaks, to understand the dynamics of the infection, characterize the antimicrobial resistance of the isolates, and evaluate their genetic similarity. Multiparous cows in the postpartum phase are nearly five times more likely to shed <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> sp. A total of 39 cases of fatal septicemic salmonellosis caused by <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. Dublin were confirmed in calves aged 3\u20135 months. Antimicrobial susceptibility was evaluated in 45 strains of <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. Dublin, with 48.9% of the isolates classified as multidrug resistant, including resistance to penicillin (48.9%), tetracyclines (42.2%), and fluoroquinolones (33.3%). Seven multidrug-resistant isolates were selected for genomic sequencing. Among the resistance determinants identified, a mutation in the <jats:italic>gyrA<\/jats:italic> gene, present in all sequenced isolates, was notable. Analyses of cgMLST and SNPs revealed that the isolates from healthy animals were closely related to those found in animals with confirmed cases of <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. Dublin, confirming that the agent was circulating among healthy animals across various categories. A high similarity was also found between the isolates in this study and strains causing salmonellosis in humans in Brazil, thus reinforcing the zoonotic nature and possible epidemiological link between cattle, and the occurrence of this disease in humans.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0318007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,23]],"date-time":"2025-01-23T18:32:31Z","timestamp":1737657151000},"page":"e0318007","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Dynamics of Salmonella Dublin infection and antimicrobial resistance in a dairy herd endemic to salmonellosis"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9912-2566","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Victor Santos","family":"do Amarante","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joelma Kellen","family":"de Castro Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9046-1358","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Matheus Ferreira","family":"Serafini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolina Pantuzza","family":"Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6098-0907","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Isabela P\u00e1dua","family":"Zanon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7611-7403","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Thayanne Gabryelle Viana","family":"de Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0808-1955","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tiago Facury","family":"Moreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ant\u00f4nio Ultimo","family":"de Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodrigo Melo","family":"Meneses","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1067-1882","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Flavia Figueira","family":"Aburjaile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vasco","family":"Azevedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elias Jorge","family":"Facury Filho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0074-2488","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rodrigo Ot\u00e1vio Silveira","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0318007.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1110","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics11081110","article-title":"Salmonella enterica Serovar Dublin from Cattle in California from 1993\u20132019: Antimicrobial Resistance Trends of Clinical Relevance.","volume":"11","author":"HM Fritz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Antibiotics."},{"key":"pone.0318007.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.2011.00692.x","article-title":"Prevalence of major enteric pathogens in Australian dairy calves with diarrhoea.","volume":"89","author":"M Izzo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Aust Veterinary J"},{"key":"pone.0318007.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1331767","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2023.1331767","article-title":"Review: Salmonella Dublin in dairy cattle.","volume":"10","author":"A Velasquez-Munoz","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci"},{"key":"pone.0318007.ref004","first-page":"107","article-title":"Bacterial Causes of Intestinal Disease in Dairy Calves.","volume":"38","author":"T. 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