{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T07:28:59Z","timestamp":1793604539778,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,14]],"date-time":"2025-02-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739491200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec040\">\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Diabetic foot ulcers have caused significant medical, economic and social consequences for patients, families and society. With appropriate treatment, many diabetic foot ulcers can heal, temporarily avoiding possible amputation. Unfortunately, even if foot ulcers subside, recurrence is still common. The recurrence of ulcer has brought another physical and psychological trauma to diabetic foot patients who yearn for a better life. Therefore, it may be more useful to evaluate the factors associated with ulcer recurrence in diabetic foot ulcer patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec041\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were comprehensively searched for prospective or retrospective studies published up to February 1, 2024. All English or Chinese language studies on diabetic foot ulcer patients who experience recurrence were included, and RevMan 5.3 software was used to analyze the data.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec042\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 22 studies meeting the eligibility criteria were ultimately included in this meta-analysis. 1861 of 5252 diabetic foot ulcer patients experienced recurrence during follow-up. The following variables were associated with an increased risk of ulcer recurrence: male (OR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.10 ~ 1.44, P = 0.0009), smoking history (OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.04 ~ 1.35, P = 0.01), living alone (OR = 1.86, 95% CI = 1.21 ~ 2.86, P = 0.004), plantar ulcers (OR = 2.44, 95% CI = 1.41 ~ 4.23, P = 0.001), diabetic retinopathy (OR = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.35 ~ 1.88, P &lt; 0.00001), diabetic nephropathy (OR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.12 ~ 1.68, P = 0.002), diabetic peripheral neuropathy (OR = 1.78, 95% CI = 1.45 ~ 2.19, P &lt; 0.00001), foot deformity (OR = 2.51, 95% CI = 1.85 ~ 3.40 P &lt; 0.00001) and peripheral arterial disease (OR = 3.10, 95% CI = 2.43 ~ 3.95 P &lt; 0.00001). However, hypertension (OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 0.96 ~ 1.40, P = 0.13) and body mass index (MD = 0.20, 95% CI = \u22120.12 ~ 0.53, P = 0.22) were not associated with diabetic foot ulcer recurrence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec043\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our meta-analysis identified the following important risk factors for diabetic foot ulcer recurrence: male sex, smoking history, living alone, plantar ulcer, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic peripheral neuropathy, foot deformity, and peripheral arterial disease. Understanding these factors and their impact on ulcer recurrence is crucial for multidisciplinary teams to develop management and treatment plans for diabetic foot ulcer patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0318216","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,14]],"date-time":"2025-02-14T13:34:07Z","timestamp":1739540047000},"page":"e0318216","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Risk factors associated with the recurrence of diabetic foot ulcers: A meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Chunmei","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianqing","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhijun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caiyu","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3091-5100","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jinhao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0318216.ref001","volume-title":"IDF Diabetes Atlas","author":"International Diabetes Federation","year":"2021"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0318216.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e123","DOI":"10.52225\/narrax.v2i1.123","article-title":"Can smartphone-based diabetes control apps improve cardiovascular risk among patients with diabetes? A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"2","author":"RY Refin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Narra X"},{"issue":"24","key":"pone.0318216.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2367","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1615439","article-title":"Diabetic foot ulcers and their recurrence","volume":"376","author":"DG Armstrong","year":"2017","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0318216.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.2337\/dc19-1614","article-title":"Global disability burdens of diabetes-related lower-extremity complications in 1990 and 2016","volume":"43","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0318216.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.2337\/dci22-0043","article-title":"Etiology, epidemiology, and disparities in the burden of diabetic foot ulcers","volume":"46","author":"K McDermott","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0318216.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.10578","article-title":"Diabetic foot ulcers: a review","volume":"330","author":"DG Armstrong","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0318216.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1762","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.14017","article-title":"Influencing factors for the recurrence of diabetic foot ulcers: a meta-analysis","volume":"20","author":"Q Guo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int Wound J"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0318216.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1111\/wrr.13039","article-title":"Evaluation of foot ulcer incidence in diabetic patients at a diabetic foot ulcer prevention clinic over a 10-year period","volume":"30","author":"M Oe","year":"2022","journal-title":"Wound Repair Regen"},{"key":"pone.0318216.ref009","first-page":"1199885","article-title":"Development and validation of a risk prediction model for foot ulcers in diabetic patients","author":"J Lv","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Diabetes Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0318216.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-010-9491-z","article-title":"Critical evaluation of the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for the assessment of the quality of nonrandomized studies in meta-analyses","volume":"25","author":"A Stang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0318216.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300060520987398","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060520987398","article-title":"Differences in initial versus recurrent diabetic foot ulcers at a specialized tertiary diabetic foot care center in China","volume":"49","author":"Y Cheng","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Int Med Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0318216.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-481X.2012.01022.x","article-title":"Risk factors for recurrence of diabetic foot ulcers: prospective follow-up analysis in the Eurodiale subgroup","volume":"10","author":"M Dubsk\u00fd","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int Wound J"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0318216.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-020-02431-0","article-title":"Predictors of healing, ulcer recurrence and persistence, amputation and mortality in type 2 diabetic patients with diabetic foot: a 10-year retrospective cohort study","volume":"71","author":"C Gazzaruso","year":"2021","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0318216.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.2174\/1573399816666200109094329","article-title":"The frequency and risk factors of diabetic foot ulcer recurrence among Jordanian patients with diabetes","volume":"16","author":"SF Tabanjeh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Diabetes Rev"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0318216.ref015","first-page":"947","article-title":"Recurrence and influencing factors of diabetic foot ulcer in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"36","author":"JF Shen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Zhonghua Shao Shang Za Zhi"},{"key":"pone.0318216.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2019.09.025","article-title":"Incidence and risk factors associated with ulcer recurrence among patients with diabetic foot ulcers treated in a multidisciplinary setting","volume":"246","author":"CW Hicks","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0318216.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtv.2020.02.001","article-title":"Risk factors for plantar foot ulcer recurrence in patients with diabetes - A prospective pilot study","volume":"29","author":"F Freitas","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Tissue Viability"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0318216.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1007\/s13410-019-00744-z","article-title":"Predictive value of the ratio of homocysteine to serum albumin concentrations in the recurrence of diabetic foot ulcer","volume":"39","author":"J An","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries"},{"key":"pone.0318216.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foot.2017.12.004","article-title":"Risk factors for diabetic foot ulcer recurrence: a prospective 2-year follow-up study in Egypt","volume":"35","author":"WA Khalifa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Foot (Edinb)"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0318216.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1697","DOI":"10.2337\/dc13-2470","article-title":"Risk factors for plantar foot ulcer recurrence in neuropathic diabetic patients","volume":"37","author":"R Waaijman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0318216.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2241","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-010-1821-x","article-title":"Depression predicts first but not recurrent diabetic foot ulcers","volume":"53","author":"JS Gonzalez","year":"2010","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0318216.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2077","DOI":"10.2337\/dc07-0445","article-title":"Risk factors for recurrent diabetic foot ulcers: site matters","volume":"30","author":"EJG Peters","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0318216.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.13861","article-title":"Risk factors for foot ulcer recurrence in patients with comorbid diabetic foot osteomyelitis and diabetic nephropathy: a 3-year follow-up study","volume":"20","author":"L Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int Wound J"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0318216.ref024","first-page":"969","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of diabetic patients with initial and recurrent foot ulcers","volume":"53","author":"H-P Gong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0318216.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1524-475x.2001.00353.x","article-title":"Role of neuropathy and plasma nitric oxide in recurrent neuropathic and neuroischemic diabetic foot ulcers","volume":"9","author":"EB Jude","year":"2001","journal-title":"Wound Repair Regen"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0318216.ref026","first-page":"716","article-title":"Risk factors for foot ulcer recurrence in diabetic patients with new-onset foot ulcers","volume":"18","author":"Z Mo","year":"2018","journal-title":"China Trop Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0318216.ref027","first-page":"1024","article-title":"Risk factors of recurrent diabetic foot ulcers","volume":"41","author":"Y Cheng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Beijing Med J"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0318216.ref028","first-page":"501","article-title":"Influencing factors of recurrences of the healed diabetic foot ulcers","volume":"17","author":"Z Xie","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chin J Mult Organ Dis Elderly"},{"issue":"04","key":"pone.0318216.ref029","first-page":"23","article-title":"Analysis of risk factors of foot ulcer recurrence in type 2 diabetes","author":"X Hu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Today Nurse"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0318216.ref030","first-page":"993","article-title":"Construction of risk prediction model for recurrence of diabetic foot ulcer","volume":"36","author":"J Lv","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chin Nurs Res"},{"key":"pone.0318216.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15347346231191583","DOI":"10.1177\/15347346231191583","article-title":"Risk factors for ulcer recurrence in diabetic patients managed by an integrated foot care protocol","author":"L Giurato","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Low Extrem Wounds"},{"key":"pone.0318216.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11786329231174336","DOI":"10.1177\/11786329231174336","article-title":"The high re-ulceration rate in lower extremity amputation intervention in type 2 diabetic Vietnamese patients after 24-month follow-up at Cho Ray Hospital, Vietnam","volume":"16","author":"H Tan Dat","year":"2023","journal-title":"Health Serv Insights"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0318216.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3644","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.3644","article-title":"Guidelines on interventions to enhance healing of foot ulcers in people with diabetes (IWGDF 2023 update)","volume":"40","author":"P Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Res Rev"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0318216.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1373","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.13200","article-title":"Risk factors for the recurrence of diabetic foot ulcers among diabetic patients: a meta-analysis","volume":"16","author":"Z-H Huang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int Wound J"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0318216.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0239236","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0239236","article-title":"Risk factors for lower extremity amputation in patients with diabetic foot ulcers: a meta-analysis","volume":"15","author":"C Lin","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0318216.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2796.1999.00523.x","article-title":"Factors predicting lower extremity amputations in patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus: a population-based 7-year follow-up study","volume":"246","author":"H H\u00e4m\u00e4l\u00e4inen","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0318216.ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2408","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000328","article-title":"Men, masculinity, and pain","volume":"156","author":"E Keogh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0318216.ref038","first-page":"184","article-title":"Gender differences in pain and its relief","volume":"52","author":"S Pieretti","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Ist Super Sanita"},{"issue":"19","key":"pone.0318216.ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1795","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.017926","article-title":"Relation of smoking with total mortality and cardiovascular events among patients with diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis and systematic review","volume":"132","author":"A Pan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0318216.ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(15)00316-2","article-title":"Relation of active, passive, and quitting smoking with incident type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"3","author":"A Pan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0318216.ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3651","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.3651","article-title":"Guidelines on the prevention of foot ulcers in persons with diabetes (IWGDF 2023 update)","volume":"40","author":"SA Bus","year":"2024","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Res Rev"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0318216.ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvn.2017.07.002","article-title":"Relationship between person\u2019s health beliefs and diabetes self-care management regimen","volume":"35","author":"M Albargawi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Vasc Nurs"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0318216.ref043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3802","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.14219","article-title":"Effects of home-based chronic wound care training for patients and caregivers: a systematic review","volume":"20","author":"Y Huang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int Wound J"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0318216.ref044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.6.1.26","article-title":"Dynamic foot pressure and other studies as diagnostic and management aids in diabetic neuropathy","volume":"6","author":"AJ Boulton","year":"1983","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0318216.ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4109","DOI":"10.2337\/dc13-0996","article-title":"Effect of custom-made footwear on foot ulcer recurrence in diabetes: a multicenter randomized controlled trial","volume":"36","author":"SA Bus","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"5 Suppl","key":"pone.0318216.ref046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2008.09.055","article-title":"The pathologic continuum of diabetic vascular disease","volume":"53","author":"G Orasanu","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"Sup1","key":"pone.0318216.ref047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S4","DOI":"10.12968\/jowc.2019.28.Sup1.S4","article-title":"Risk factor analysis on the healing time and infection rate of diabetic foot ulcers in a referral wound care clinic","volume":"28","author":"KK Kee","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Wound Care"},{"key":"pone.0318216.ref048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2017.10.022","article-title":"The impact of glycaemic variability on wound healing in the diabetic foot - A retrospective study of new ulcers presenting to a specialist multidisciplinary foot clinic","volume":"135","author":"KK Dhatariya","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0318216.ref049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.43.4.817","article-title":"The prevalence by staged severity of various types of diabetic neuropathy, retinopathy, and nephropathy in a population-based cohort: the Rochester Diabetic Neuropathy Study","volume":"43","author":"PJ Dyck","year":"1993","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0318216.ref050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-008-0940-0","article-title":"Prediction of outcome in individuals with diabetic foot ulcers: focus on the differences between individuals with and without peripheral arterial disease. The EURODIALE Study","volume":"51","author":"L Prompers","year":"2008","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"issue":"5A","key":"pone.0318216.ref051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34S","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9610(03)00302-7","article-title":"The role of surgical revascularization in the management of diabetic foot wounds","volume":"187","author":"PL Faries","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0318216.ref052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.25.5.894","article-title":"UKPDS 59: hyperglycemia and other potentially modifiable risk factors for peripheral vascular disease in type 2 diabetes","volume":"25","author":"AI Adler","year":"2002","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0318216.ref053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e51","DOI":"10.52225\/narra.v2i1.51","article-title":"Association between depression and HbA1c levels in the elderly population with type 2 diabetes mellitus during COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"2","author":"Z Zahra","year":"2022","journal-title":"Narra J"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0318216.ref054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2015.05.004","article-title":"Lower-extremity arterial revascularization: is there any evidence for diabetic foot ulcer-healing?","volume":"42","author":"J Vouillarmet","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0318216.ref055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2017.12.079","article-title":"The Society for Vascular Surgery Wound, Ischemia, and foot Infection (WIfI) classification independently predicts wound healing in diabetic foot ulcers","volume":"68","author":"CW Hicks","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0318216.ref056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3648","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.3648","article-title":"Guidelines on the classification of foot ulcers in people with diabetes (IWGDF 2023 update)","volume":"40","author":"M Monteiro-Soares","year":"2024","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Res Rev"},{"key":"pone.0318216.ref057","first-page":"9742665","article-title":"Effects of special therapeutic footwear on the prevention of diabetic foot ulcers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","author":"B Luo","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Diabetes Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0318216.ref058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2022.08.004","article-title":"A comprehensive therapeutic patient education may improve wound healing and reduce ulcer recurrence and mortality in persons with type 2 diabetes","volume":"47","author":"A Coppola","year":"2023","journal-title":"Can J Diabetes"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0318216.ref059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3549","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.3549","article-title":"Efficacy of at home monitoring of foot temperature for risk reduction of diabetes-related foot ulcer: a meta-analysis","volume":"38","author":"J Golledge","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Res Rev"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0318216.ref060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3805","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.3805","article-title":"Cost-effectiveness of temperature monitoring to help prevent foot ulcer recurrence in people with diabetes: a multicenter randomized controlled trial","volume":"40","author":"JJ Van Netten","year":"2024","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Res Rev"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0318216.ref061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1089\/wound.2023.0199","article-title":"Objective evidence that nerve decompression surgery reduces neuropathic DFU recurrence risk to less than 5%","volume":"13","author":"DS Nickerson","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle)"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0318216.ref062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1866","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.14045","article-title":"Recurrent diabetic foot ulcers: results of a maximal multidisciplinary approach including reconstructive foot\/ankle surgery","volume":"20","author":"W Brekelmans","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int Wound J"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0318216","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,14]],"date-time":"2025-02-14T13:34:27Z","timestamp":1739540067000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0318216"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Iqhrammullah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,14]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,14]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0318216","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,14]]}}}