{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T03:15:48Z","timestamp":1789701348159,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,10]],"date-time":"2025-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739145600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Coyotes are exposed to many parasites and pathogens of veterinary and zoonotic concern. To assess the prevalence of the diseases caused by these microbes, we opportunistically obtained coyote samples from a variety of sources including a GPS collaring study, rabies testing facilities, wildlife resources agents, and road-side mortalities. We performed necropsies, serological testing, fecal flotations, and molecular analyses on coyotes from Tennessee and South Carolina. <jats:italic>Dirofilaria immitis<\/jats:italic> (heartworm) infected 46% (41\/89) of coyotes and was associated with eosinophilic alveolitis and arteritis. <jats:italic>Paragonimus kellicotti,<\/jats:italic> a zoonotic lung fluke, was found in 24% (17\/71) of Tennessee coyotes, including one coyote with extrapulmonary infection affecting the liver and lymph nodes. <jats:italic>Trichinella<\/jats:italic> spp., a zoonotic nematode, was present in 17% (12\/71) of Tennessee coyotes but was not associated with muscular inflammation. <jats:italic>Sarcoptes scabiei,<\/jats:italic> the causative agent of sarcoptic mange, was detected in one Tennessee coyote. Most coyotes (86% [90\/105]) were seropositive for <jats:italic>Toxoplasma gondii,<\/jats:italic> while 8.5% (9\/106) were seropositive for <jats:italic>Trypanosoma cruzi,<\/jats:italic> an emerging zoonotic, vector-borne parasite. This study demonstrated that coyotes are commonly exposed to numerous parasites and pathogens that affect people and pets and are excellent sentinels for these diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0318645","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,10]],"date-time":"2025-02-10T18:43:58Z","timestamp":1739213038000},"page":"e0318645","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Pathology and parasitology of free-ranging coyotes from Tennessee and South Carolina"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6838-8369","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Eliza","family":"Baker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Dennis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8544-174X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Debra","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunlei","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexa","family":"Rosypal von Dohlen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0109-6000","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mohamed A.","family":"Abouelkhair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah A.","family":"Hamer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Gerhold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"759","key":"pone.0318645.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.3897\/zookeys.759.15149","article-title":"Mapping the expansion of coyotes (Canis latrans) across North and Central America","author":"JW Hody","year":"2018","journal-title":"Zookeys"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"pone.0318645.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.14232\/rard.2022.1-2.46-53","article-title":"The reasons for the range expansion of the grey wolf, coyote and red fox","volume":"11","author":"H Bijl","year":"2022","journal-title":"RARD"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0318645.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1007\/s11252-019-00918-x","article-title":"Genetic diversity and relatedness of a recently established population of eastern coyotes (Canis latrans) in New York City","volume":"23","author":"CS Henger","year":"2019","journal-title":"Urban Ecosyst"},{"key":"pone.0318645.ref004","article-title":"Is the urban coyote a misanthropic Synanthrope? 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