{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T23:12:06Z","timestamp":1782169926613,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]],"date-time":"2025-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741824000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100021828","name":"German Academic Exchange Service","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["57507871"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["57507871"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100021828","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Schistosomiasis, a prevalent public health issue specifically in sub-Saharan Africa, is primarily attributed to <jats:italic>Schistosoma haematobium<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Schistosoma mansoni<\/jats:italic>, often occurring concurrently. These schistosome species share similarities in life cycles and transmission, manifesting comparable infection patterns and susceptibility to temperature variations. This study investigates the influence of temperature control not only on the transmission of individual species but also on their mutual interactions and co-infection dynamics using a mathematical model. Sub-models and co-dynamic properties, including reproduction numbers, equilibrium states, and stability conditions, are derived. Sensitivity analysis is performed to clarify the impact of parameter variations on model stability. Results suggest that temperature variation increases the spread of <jats:italic>S. haematobium<\/jats:italic>, which enhances susceptibility to <jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic> co-infection, possibly by altering the immune response. At moderate temperatures (20\u00b0C and 25\u00b0C), infection levels in both single and co-infected individuals are higher, while recovery rates increase with temperature, peaking at 25\u00b0C and 35\u00b0C as infections significantly decrease. <jats:italic>Biomphalaria<\/jats:italic> snails exhibit greater population growth and susceptibility to infection than <jats:italic>Bulinus<\/jats:italic> snails, particularly below 25\u00b0C. Above this temperature, <jats:italic>Biomphalaria<\/jats:italic> population decreases while <jats:italic>Bulinus<\/jats:italic> species are more likely to experience faster mortality. These temperature-related variations differently impact mortality rates of intermediate snails and snail-to-human transmissibility rates for schistosome species, holding significant health implications. Targeting snails during seasons below 25\u00b0C, when susceptibility is higher, and intensifying human treatment interventions around 25\u00b0C\u201335\u00b0C, where recovery rates peak, may yield optimal results, particularly during seasons with intermediate temperatures around 25\u00b0C for both snails and humans. The results underscore the importance of integrating temperature into models for predicting and managing schistosomiasis dynamics for both genera. Therefore, this model is applicable not only to sub-Saharan Africa, but also to other regions where the described temperature ranges match with the local climate.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0318720","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]],"date-time":"2025-03-13T17:24:43Z","timestamp":1741886683000},"page":"e0318720","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Modelling Temperature-dependent Schistosomiasis Dynamics for Single and Co-infections with S. mansoni and S. haematobium"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2531-1468","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zadoki","family":"Tabo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lutz","family":"Breuer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Albrecht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0318720.ref001","author":"World Health Organization. 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