{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T13:20:26Z","timestamp":1793193626894,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]],"date-time":"2025-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744761600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011042","name":"Instituto Cient\u00edfico Pfizer","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["72469575"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["72469575"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011042","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"\n Introduction<\/jats:title>\n Antimicrobial resistance surveillance plays an important role in generating information about the prevalence of resistant microorganisms. In this study, we summarize a surveillance of antimicrobial resistance and carbapenemase-encoding genes for selected pathogens in Mexican healthcare centers.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n Databases of identification and susceptibility results collected from January 1 to March 31, 2024, from forty-one centers were gathered and analyzed using the WHONET software. Some relevant gram-negatives and gram-positives, which were isolated from relevant clinical specimens were included. Isolates were stratified by patient\u00b4s age, clinical specimens, and site of attention, and were classified as multidrug-resistant (MDR). Clinical isolates were collected from January 1 to June 30 and were genotyped for carbapenemase-encoding genes by a polymerase chain reaction test.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n In total, 8 708 strains were included.\n Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n had a higher resistance to carbapenems (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.05) in the 0\u201317 years group and\n Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.017)\n , Pseudomonas aeruginosa,<\/jats:italic>\n and\n Acinetobacter baumannii<\/jats:italic>\n (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.05) in the 18\u201359 years group.\n P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n had higher resistance to ceftazidime-avibactam, ceftolozane-tazobactam, cefepime, and imipenem (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.05) in the 18\u201359 years group.\n K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n had the highest resistance to carbapenems (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.05) and cefepime (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001) in clinical isolates recovered from blood. For\n P. aeruginosa,<\/jats:italic>\n the highest resistance to cefepime (\n p =<\/jats:italic>\n 0.012) and ceftazidime (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.018) was seen in isolates from urine. For\n Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n , a higher resistance was observed for cefoxitin in lower respiratory tract specimens (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.05).\n E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n had the highest resistance to carbapenems (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.01), and\n P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n for ceftazidime (\n p =<\/jats:italic>\n 0.005), cefepime (\n p =<\/jats:italic>\n 0.003), piperacillin-tazobactam (\n p =<\/jats:italic>\n <0.01), IPM (\n p =<\/jats:italic>\n 0.006), and meropenem (\n p =<\/jats:italic>\n <0.01) in clinical isolates recovered from patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). For\n K. pneumoniae,<\/jats:italic>\n the highest resistance to ertapenem was observed in clinical isolates from the ICU area (p < 0.035). Finally, 67.9% of\n A. baumannii<\/jats:italic>\n and 53.8% of\n E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n strains were Multidrug-resistant.\n Candida albicans<\/jats:italic>\n isolated from blood had susceptibility to caspofungin 100% and 90.2% for voriconazole. Regarding\n E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n non-susceptible to meropenem, 16 (59.2%) were carriers of\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n \n NDM,<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:sub>\n and the\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n KPC<\/jats:sub>\n gene was detected in 2 (40%) strains of\n K. pneumoniae.<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:p>\n \n In conclusion, carbapenem resistance was higher for\n E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n in the 0\u201317 years group and for\n K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n P. aeruginosa,<\/jats:italic>\n and\n A. baumannii<\/jats:italic>\n in the 18\u201359 years group.\n K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n has the highest resistance to carbapenems in blood isolates and the ICU area.\n E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n and\n P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n had the highest carbapenem resistance in the intensive care unit. A high multidrug resistance was observed for\n A. baumannii<\/jats:italic>\n and\n E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n strains. A high susceptibility to caspofungin and voriconazole was observed for\n Candida albicans<\/jats:italic>\n collected from blood.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0319441","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]],"date-time":"2025-04-16T13:44:26Z","timestamp":1744811066000},"page":"e0319441","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["The ongoing antibiotic resistance and carbapenemase encoding genotypes surveillance. The first quarter report of the INVIFAR network for 2024."],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Claudia Adriana","family":"Col\u00edn-Castro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7387-0937","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Luis Esa\u00fa","family":"L\u00f3pez-J\u00e1come","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda 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