{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T22:19:48Z","timestamp":1792102788043,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":175,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]],"date-time":"2025-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746748800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Cayman Islands Brewery Ltd.","award":["2017-2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017-2018"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The use of citizen science can be a cost-effective tool in conservation science but mostly relies on the collation of incidental sighting reports. This study describes the design, operation, and findings of a novel, closely-guided citizen science program (the \u2018Sharklogger Network\u2019) in the Cayman Islands. Participants from the recreational SCUBA diving community used a standardized, effort-based protocol to monitor local coastal shark populations. Over two years (2017\u20132018) a total of 69 participants conducted 24,442 dives across 472 dives sites and recorded 4,666 shark sightings from eight shark species, of which Caribbean reef shark, nurse shark, and hammerhead spp. were the most frequently observed and encountered throughout the year. The data from dive logs provided evidence for species-specific distribution and abundance patterns across and within islands, indicating a greater abundance of sharks in areas with less anthropogenic activity and with a greater exposure to strong currents, regardless of whether the area was an MPA or not. While both Caribbean reef sharks and nurse sharks showed species-specific depth and habitat preferences, the recording of recognizable individuals showed that some individuals of both species have relatively small home ranges and high site-fidelity to specific areas. The study also provided the first confirmation of reproductive behaviour in both Caribbean reef and nurse sharks taking place in summer (May\u2013August). Experience showed that along with generating valuable data the program, by engaging local stakeholders, also enhanced public awareness of shark conservation issues. This study demonstrates that this citizen science methodology can be an affordable and non-invasive tool for the reliable long-term monitoring of shark populations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0319637","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]],"date-time":"2025-05-09T18:06:29Z","timestamp":1746813989000},"page":"e0319637","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The Sharklogger Network\u2014monitoring Cayman Islands shark populations through an innovative citizen science program"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-8854-5294","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Johanna","family":"Kohler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1850-5352","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mauvis","family":"Gore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rupert","family":"Ormond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy","family":"Austin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeremy","family":"Olynik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0319637.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1002\/aqc.1116","article-title":"Reef shark declines in remote atolls highlight the need for multi-faceted conservation action","volume":"20","author":"NAJ Graham","year":"2010","journal-title":"Aquat Conserv Mar Freshw Ecosyst"},{"key":"pone.0319637.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2314","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2006.09.044","article-title":"Ongoing collapse of coral-reef shark populations","volume":"16","author":"WD Robbins","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"key":"pone.0319637.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.00590","article-title":"Extinction risk and conservation of the world\u2019s sharks and rays","volume":"3","author":"NK Dulvy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"pone.0319637.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2519-y","article-title":"Global status and conservation potential of reef sharks","volume":"583","author":"MA MacNeil","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"pone.0319637.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-018-0233-1","article-title":"Decline of coastal apex shark populations over the past half century","volume":"1","author":"G Roff","year":"2018","journal-title":"Commun Biol"},{"key":"pone.0319637.ref006","first-page":"3","article-title":"Cayman Island fisheries catches: 1950\u20132007","volume-title":"Fisheries Catch Reconstructions: Islands, Part I Fisheries Centre Research Reports","author":"S Harper","year":"2009"},{"key":"pone.0319637.ref007","article-title":"The Fisheries of Cayman Islands","author":"EF Thompson","year":"1945"},{"key":"pone.0319637.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15684","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-15679-w","article-title":"Cascading predator effects in a Fijian coral reef ecosystem","volume":"7","author":"DB Rasher","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"pone.0319637.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tree.2008.01.003","article-title":"Predicting ecological consequences of marine top predator declines","volume":"23","author":"MR Heithaus","year":"2008","journal-title":"Trends Ecol Evol"},{"key":"pone.0319637.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","article-title":"Patterns and ecosystem consequences of shark declines in the ocean.","author":"F Ferretti","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1461-0248.2010.01489.x"},{"key":"pone.0319637.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1586","DOI":"10.1093\/icesjms\/fsu025","article-title":"Ecological importance of sharks and rays in a structural food web analysis in southern Brazil","volume":"71","author":"H Bornatowski","year":"2014","journal-title":"ICES J Mar Sci"},{"key":"pone.0319637.ref012","first-page":"14","article-title":"Protecting Cayman Island sharks: monitoring, movement and motive.","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 69th Gulf and Caribbean Fisheries Institute; 2016 November 7\u201311; Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands. 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