{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]],"date-time":"2025-04-17T04:13:38Z","timestamp":1744863218129,"version":"3.40.4"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]],"date-time":"2025-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744761600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Impaired fasting glucose (IFG) is a condition when a person\u2019s blood glucose level is above the normal range, but below the diagnostic cut-off for a formal diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of IFG among adults aged 18 years and older in Malaysia and its\u2019 associated factors. Data were obtained as part of the National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS) 2019 [1]. It was a community-based, cross-sectional study that was conducted among a targeted population in both urban and rural areas in all 13 states and 3 federal territories in Malaysia, using a two stage stratified random sampling method. Adults aged 18 years and older with fasting capillary blood glucose (FBG) readings of \u2264\u20096.9 mmol\/L were selected, except those known to have diabetes. IFG was defined according to World Health Organization (WHO) criteria as FBG between 6.1 and 6.9 mmol\/L. The data were analyzed using SPSS Version 28.0. A total of 6183 respondents - 2842 men and 3341 women participated in this study. The overall prevalence of IFG was 22.6% (95% CI: 20.4, 24.9). Respondents aged 60 years and older had the highest percentage of IFG at about 30.2% (95% CI: 26.4, 34.4), followed by respondents with hypercholesterolemia at 29.2% (95% CI: 25.2, 33.6) and respondents with hypertension at 27.7% (95% CI: 24.3, 31.4). Multivariate analysis revealed that age of 60 years and above (aOR 1.51, 95% CI: 1.01, 2.06) and marriage (aOR 1.46, 95% CI: 1.16, 1.84) were significantly associated with IFG. The prevalence of IFG among Malaysian adults according to data obtained in 2019 was 22.6%, with an age of 60 and above and married being the associated factors. Policies need to be tailored for more vigorous screening among this group for prompt diagnosis and treatment to prevent complications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0320993","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]],"date-time":"2025-04-16T17:25:15Z","timestamp":1744824315000},"page":"e0320993","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prevalence of impaired fasting glucose and associated risk factors among Malaysian adult population: Findings from the National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS) 2019"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-5777-7340","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Murnizar","family":"Mokhtar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nor Azian Mohd","family":"Zaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nurul Huda","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0320993.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-017-2571-3","article-title":"The prevalence of impaired fasting glucose and undiagnosed diabetes mellitus and associated risk factors among adults living in a rural Koladiba town, northwest Ethiopia","volume":"10","author":"A Worede","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0320993.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3022","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-011-2291-5","article-title":"Prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes (impaired fasting glucose and\/or impaired glucose tolerance) in urban and rural India: Phase I results of the Indian Council of Medical Research-INdia DIABetes (ICMR-INDIAB) study","volume":"54","author":"RM Anjana","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"pone.0320993.ref003","article-title":"National health and morbidity survey (NHMS) 2019: Vol. I: NCDs \u2013 Non-communicable diseases: Risk factors and other health problems","volume":"I","author":"Institute for Public Health (IPH), National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia","year":"2020","journal-title":"Natl Health Morbidity Surv"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0320993.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-018-0694-z","article-title":"The effect of change in fasting glucose on the risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, and all-cause mortality: A nationwide cohort study","volume":"17","author":"G Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"issue":"4 Pt 1","key":"pone.0320993.ref005","first-page":"311","article-title":"Impaired fasting glycaemia and undiagnosed diabetes: Prevalence, cardiovascular and behavioural risk factors","volume":"28","author":"P Lecomte","year":"2002","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0320993.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.5539\/gjhs.v10n8p153","article-title":"Prevalence of undiagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated factors among the malaysian population: The 2015 National Health and Morbidity Survey, Malaysia","volume":"10","author":"H Ismail","year":"2018","journal-title":"Glob J Health Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0320993.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0263139","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0263139","article-title":"Prevalence of type-2 diabetes and prediabetes in Malaysia: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"17","author":"S Akhtar","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"pone.0320993.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cegh.2023.101279","article-title":"Prevalence and factors associated with prediabetes and diabetes mellitus among adults: Baseline findings of PURE Malaysia cohort study","volume":"21","author":"R Ismail","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Epidemiol Glob Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0320993.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0228570","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0228570","article-title":"Prevalence and factors associated with prediabetes and diabetes in fishing communities in penang, Malaysia: A cross-sectional study","volume":"15","author":"FF Rahim","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0320993.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1362","DOI":"10.2337\/dc11-0005","article-title":"Prevalence of abnormal glucose tolerance and risk factors in urban and rural Malaysia","volume":"34","author":"N Mustafa","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"pone.0320993.ref011","first-page":"1","article-title":"Obesity: Preventing and managing the global epidemic. 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