{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T13:54:12Z","timestamp":1790344452564,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745452800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/zero\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"USDA-ARS CRIS","award":["8042-31000-114-00D"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["8042-31000-114-00D"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Coccidiosis is a gastrointestinal disease caused by <jats:italic>Eimeria<\/jats:italic> parasites which leads to major economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide. <jats:italic>Eimeria<\/jats:italic> infection may alter the gut microbiota, which has been associated with chicken health and performance. This study aimed to determine the effects of <jats:italic>Eimeria maxima<\/jats:italic> infection on the luminal and mucosal microbiota of the cecum (CeL and CeM) at multiple time points post-infection (days 3, 5, 7, 10, and 14). Infection decreased Shannon diversity at d 3 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.03), increased observed features (ASVs) at d 5 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01), and increased Shannon diversity at d 10 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.04) in the CeL microbiota compared to the control. In CeM microbiota, infection increased observed features at d 5 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.03), but later decreased observed features at d 14 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.01). Relative abundance of potential butyrate-producing bacteria such as [<jats:italic>Ruminococcus<\/jats:italic>] <jats:italic>torques group<\/jats:italic> in CeL and <jats:italic>Butyricicoccus<\/jats:italic> in CeM were decreased in infected birds, and some metabolic pathways related to butyrate production were predicted to be decreased. These findings show <jats:italic>E. maxima<\/jats:italic> may affect cecal microbiota alpha diversity in a time-dependent manner and reduce abundance of bacteria potentially important to gut health.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0321212","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T17:41:46Z","timestamp":1745516506000},"page":"e0321212","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Temporal changes in cecal luminal and mucosal microbiota of broiler chickens with clinical coccidiosis (Eimeria maxima)"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9444-5315","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Philip M.","family":"Campos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katarzyna 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