{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T05:11:55Z","timestamp":1790053915070,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,9]],"date-time":"2025-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744156800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project","award":["PNURSP2025R162"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PNURSP2025R162"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Frankincense resin exhibits antibacterial potential against various microorganisms, but little is available on its effectiveness against dental root canal biofilm. This study aimed to assess its efficacy as a root canal irrigant against <jats:italic>Enterococcus faecalis<\/jats:italic> biofilm. A standard <jats:italic>E. faecalis<\/jats:italic> strain underwent antibacterial sensitivity testing with frankincense derived from <jats:italic>Boswellia sacra Fl\u00fcck<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Boswellia frereana Birdw<\/jats:italic> trees. Frankincense, demonstrating inhibition of bacterial growth, was further evaluated as an irrigant. Root canals of 50 single-canalled human teeth were prepared, then contaminated with <jats:italic>E. faecalis<\/jats:italic> and placed into three groups: Group A was irrigated with saline (negative control), Group B was irrigated with 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaClO), and Group C was irrigated with frankincense. Microbial sampling pre- and post-irrigation was conducted under aseptic conditions. Colony count reduction percentages were calculated, and the data was analyzed using one-way analyses of variance followed by Tukey\u2019s post-hoc test (significance level set at 5%). The antibacterial susceptibility test revealed that only <jats:italic>Boswellia sacra Fl\u00fcck<\/jats:italic> frankincense was effective against <jats:italic>E. faecalis<\/jats:italic>. Both NaClO and frankincense significantly reduced colony counts compared to saline (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt;\u2009 0.0001), with no difference between frankincense and NaClO irrigation. Therefore, root canal irrigation with <jats:italic>B. sacra<\/jats:italic> frankincense proved as effective against <jats:italic>E. faecalis<\/jats:italic> biofilm as NaClO. Further exploration of its potential as a root canal irrigant is recommended.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0321458","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,9]],"date-time":"2025-04-09T17:26:11Z","timestamp":1744219571000},"page":"e0321458","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Assessing the efficacy of frankincense extract as a root canal irrigant against Enterococcus faecalis"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Rahaf A.","family":"Almohareb","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4952-1400","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Reem M.","family":"Barakat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0201-955X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Eltayeb 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