{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,28]],"date-time":"2025-05-28T04:18:12Z","timestamp":1748405892148,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":93,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,27]],"date-time":"2025-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748304000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["(848096 \u2014 SHARP JA \u2014 HP-JA-2018\/HP-JA-2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["(848096 \u2014 SHARP JA \u2014 HP-JA-2018\/HP-JA-2018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec029\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The World Health Organisation emphasises the importance of a whole-of-society approach to the management of health emergencies, which includes a need to involve citizens. Yet, little guidance is found on how this should occur and, more importantly, the citizen\u2019s current perspective of their role. Understanding citizens\u2019 perceptions is the first step in preparing for citizen engagement during a future pandemic.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec030\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A qualitative research study of 16 focus groups comprising 89 participants was conducted in Finland, Slovenia, Spain, and the Netherlands. Four age-stratified focus groups in each country were organised online in the country\u2019s primary language. Inductive analysis of each focus group transcript was used to identify important themes that captured the participants\u2019 perceptions of their role in COVID-19 preparedness, response, and recovery.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec031\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Three common themes were found in the cross-country analysis. The first theme was the citizen\u2019s personal involvement, with specific references to the citizen\u2019s responsibilities and their concrete actions during COVID-19 preparedness, response, and recovery. The second theme was that of the citizen as an information receiver, with specific references to the quantity and quality of the information received. The final theme was the relationship between the citizen and decision-makers, with specific references to the citizen\u2019s level of trust in the decision-maker, the decision-maker\u2019s communication style as perceived by the citizens, as well as the level of interaction between the citizens and decision-makers as perceived by the citizens.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec032\">\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Generally, citizens included in this study from Finland, the Netherlands, Slovenia, and Spain felt a shared responsibility in curbing the spread of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) during the pandemic. However, they emphasised the imperative need to be better informed about the likelihood of, and the developments during a pandemic in their country. Furthermore, the quality of the information provision emerged as an important theme.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0322019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,27]],"date-time":"2025-05-27T18:06:58Z","timestamp":1748369218000},"page":"e0322019","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The citizen\u2019s perception of a shared responsibility during the COVID-19 management: Insights from a focus group study across four European countries"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4615-4606","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"L. S.","family":"Kengne Kamga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A. C. G.","family":"Voordouw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. 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