{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T07:08:32Z","timestamp":1778569712070,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]],"date-time":"2025-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746403200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study aimed to examine the levels of microRNA-107 (miR-107) and its correlation with neurotransmitters (glutamate, serotonin, melatonin) and adiponectin in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) compared to healthy controls. The results showed that serum levels of miR107, melatonin, and adiponectin were significantly lower in OSA patients compared to controls, while serotonin and glutamate levels were significantly higher. Spearman correlation analysis revealed that in the control group, miR-107 levels were moderately correlated with glutamate (negative) and adiponectin (positive), but these associations were disrupted in the OSA group. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis demonstrated that miR-107 had excellent diagnostic performance, with 100% sensitivity and 89.3% specificity at a cut-off of 3.0\u2009ng\/mL. Adiponectin also showed strong diagnostic potential, with 78% sensitivity and 89% specificity. In contrast, serotonin, melatonin, and glutamate exhibited more moderate diagnostic accuracy. These findings suggest that miR-107 and adiponectin could serve as promising biomarkers for diagnosing OSA, and targeting miR-107 to modulate metabolic factors may offer novel therapeutic approaches for improving OSA management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0322128","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]],"date-time":"2025-05-05T17:36:39Z","timestamp":1746466599000},"page":"e0322128","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Evaluating miR-107 and adiponectin as biomarkers in obstructive sleep apnea: Associations with neurotransmitters and metabolic regulation"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Asifa","family":"Ashraf","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Sarwar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-4097-8126","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kaleem","family":"Arshad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Ali","family":"Talat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Khudija","family":"Saleh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0322128.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2023.02.005","article-title":"Sleep physiology, pathophysiology, and sleep hygiene","volume":"77","author":"N Baranwal","year":"2023","journal-title":"Prog Cardiovasc Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0322128.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2018.03.002","article-title":"Sleep-wake neurochemistry","volume":"13","author":"SC Holst","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sleep Med Clin"},{"key":"pone.0322128.ref003","unstructured":"Brinkman JE, Reddy V, Sharma S. Physiology of sleep. 2018."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0322128.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01496-3","article-title":"Pathophysiological mechanisms and therapeutic approaches in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome","volume":"8","author":"R Lv","year":"2023","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"key":"pone.0322128.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2023.117399","article-title":"Autoantibodies of inflammatory cytokines as serum biomarkers in OSA patients","volume":"547","author":"Y Fang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0322128.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5478","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24065478","article-title":"Molecular pathology, oxidative stress, and biomarkers in obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"24","author":"PG Meliante","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0322128.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2017.08.034","article-title":"MicroRNA","volume":"141","author":"TX Lu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0322128.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2021.11.026","article-title":"Life of RISC: formation, action, and degradation of RNA-induced silencing complex.","volume":"82","author":"H Iwakawa","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol Cell"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0322128.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e9813","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000009813","article-title":"MiR-664a-3p expression in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: a potential marker of atherosclerosis","volume":"97","author":"K Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"pone.0322128.ref010","article-title":"Role of miRNA in governing synaptic plasticity","volume":"2016","author":"Y Ye","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neural Plast"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0322128.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13456","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-49940-1","article-title":"Circulating miRNA profile as a potential biomarker for obstructive sleep apnea diagnosis","volume":"9","author":"F Santamaria-Martos","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0322128.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1016\/S0753-3322(02)00285-8","article-title":"II. Glutamine and glutamate","volume":"56","author":"H Tapiero","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0322128.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/s40035-021-00278-7","article-title":"Excitotoxicity, calcium and mitochondria: a triad in synaptic neurodegeneration","volume":"11","author":"M Verma","year":"2022","journal-title":"Transl Neurodegener"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0322128.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2011","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2022.03.039","article-title":"Median preoptic GABA and glutamate neurons exert differential control over sleep behavior","volume":"32","author":"NL Machado","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"key":"pone.0322128.ref015","article-title":"Excitatory amino acid transporter supports inflammatory macrophage responses","author":"Z Gan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci Bull (Beijing)"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0322128.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21805","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-26321-9","article-title":"Development and validation of a metabolite index for obstructive sleep apnea across race\/ethnicities","volume":"12","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0322128.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2019.02.071","article-title":"Enhanced renewal of erythroid progenitors in myelodysplastic anemia by peripheral serotonin","volume":"26","author":"D Sibon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0322128.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11800","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-38842-y","article-title":"An exploratory study on the association between serotonin and sleep breathing disorders","volume":"13","author":"M Wieckiewicz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0322128.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00838.2020","article-title":"Mirtazapine reduces susceptibility to hypocapnic central sleep apnea in males with sleep-disordered breathing: a pilot study","volume":"131","author":"J Prowting","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol (1985)"},{"key":"pone.0322128.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2018.06.015","article-title":"Beyond a neurotransmitter: the role of serotonin in inflammation and immunity.","volume":"140","author":"H Wu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"key":"pone.0322128.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6768323","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/6768323","article-title":"Systems biology genetic approach identifies serotonin pathway as a possible target for obstructive sleep apnea: results from a literature search review","volume":"2017","author":"R Jagannathan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sleep Disord"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0322128.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.3390\/biom10091211","article-title":"Melatonin\u2019s impact on antioxidative and anti-inflammatory reprogramming in homeostasis and disease","volume":"10","author":"DM Chitimus","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0322128.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3480","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13103480","article-title":"Circadian rhythm dysregulation and restoration: the role of melatonin","volume":"13","author":"C Vasey","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"16","key":"pone.0322128.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3190","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.14116","article-title":"New perspectives on the role of melatonin in human sleep, circadian rhythms and their regulation","volume":"175","author":"N Zisapel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0322128.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.2174\/1567205014666170523094938","article-title":"Melatonin effects in REM sleep behavior disorder associated with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: a case series","volume":"14","author":"C Schaefer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Alzheimer Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0322128.ref026","first-page":"589","article-title":"Diurnal and nocturnal serum melatonin concentrations after treatment with continuous positive airway pressure in patients with obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"127","author":"M Barna\u015b","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pol Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0322128.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255-019-0041-z","article-title":"Metabolic messengers: adiponectin","volume":"1","author":"LG Straub","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Metab"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0322128.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1321","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18061321","article-title":"Adiponectin, a therapeutic target for obesity, diabetes, and endothelial dysfunction","volume":"18","author":"AE Achari","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0322128.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-022-04286-2","article-title":"Adipokines, adiposity, and atherosclerosis","volume":"79","author":"L Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci"},{"issue":"24","key":"pone.0322128.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15627","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232415627","article-title":"Role of adiponectin in cardiovascular diseases related to glucose and lipid metabolism disorders","volume":"23","author":"W Han","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0322128.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21041219","article-title":"Multifaceted physiological roles of adiponectin in inflammation and diseases","volume":"21","author":"HM Choi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0322128.ref032","first-page":"738","article-title":"Evaluation of plasma\/serum adiponectin (an anti-inflammatory factor) levels in adult patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"A Najafi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Life (Basel)"},{"key":"pone.0322128.ref033","first-page":"1\u20138","article-title":"Association between serum\/plasma levels of adiponectin and obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome: a meta-analysis","volume":"18","author":"M Lu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lipids Health Dis"},{"key":"pone.0322128.ref034","first-page":"1","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea is associated with lower adiponectin and higher cholesterol levels independently of traditional factors and other sleep disorders in middle-aged adults: the ELSA-Brasil cohort","author":"WA Silva","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sleep Breath"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0322128.ref035","first-page":"908","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"26","author":"DB Kirsch","year":"2020","journal-title":"Continuum (Minneap Minn)"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0322128.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4170","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_56_20","article-title":"Comparison of clinical and polysomnographic parameters between obese and nonobese obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"9","author":"P Kumar","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Fam Med Prim Care"}],"container-title":["PLOS One"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0322128","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]],"date-time":"2025-05-05T17:36:49Z","timestamp":1746466609000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0322128"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Phakkharawat","family":"Sittiprapaporn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0322128","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]]}}}