{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T11:20:53Z","timestamp":1789730453490,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]],"date-time":"2025-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746576000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Malaria is an important public health issue in Ethiopia. Accurate malaria diagnosis plays a vital role in effective treatment. However, there is limited data on the diagnostic accuracy of the newly introduced rapid diagnostic test (LDH-based RDT) and existing diagnostic methods.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to compare the diagnostic accuracy of the LDH-based RDT and existing diagnostic methods among uncomplicated malaria patients, 2024.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The health-facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Dembia and North Achefer districts of the Amhara region. A systematic sampling technique was employed to recruit 460 febrile patients. Each patient\u2019s blood sample was investigated for\n                      <jats:italic>Plasmodium<\/jats:italic>\n                      species by RDT, followed by microscopy by different laboratory professionals. The collected blood film slide was sent to the reference laboratory center, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, for confirmatory analysis. The diagnostic accuracy was assessed, and a kappa value\u2009&gt;\u20090.6 was considered as having good agreement between diagnostic techniques.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The sensitivity and specificity of pLDH-based RDT were 99.6 and 100% compared to reference laboratory results. There was a very good consensus between pLDH-based RDT and blood film (Kappa: 0.97, p-value\u2009=\u20090.0001). There was also a good consensus between blood film at the local laboratory and pLDH-based RDT (\n                      <jats:italic>Kappa: 0.748, p-value\u2009=\u20090.0001<\/jats:italic>\n                      ). However, there was the worst disagreement between clinical diagnosis, pLDH-based RDT, and blood film (\n                      <jats:italic>Kappa range: -0.987 to -0.739<\/jats:italic>\n                      ).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec005\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study revealed that pLDH-based RDT and microscopy had higher accuracy as per the WHO recommendation standard. This study implied that clinical diagnosis of malaria must be supported either by RDT or microscopy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0322366","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]],"date-time":"2025-05-07T13:42:11Z","timestamp":1746625331000},"page":"e0322366","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Comparing the diagnostic accuracy of the newly introduced and existing malaria tests in Northwest Ethiopia"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Tilahun Bizuayehu","family":"Demass","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Belay Bezabih","family":"Beyene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5073-6767","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Getasew Mulat","family":"Bantie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melaku","family":"Tadege","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5396-1735","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Agumas Alemu","family":"Alehegn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abraham Amsalu","family":"Berneh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mihretu","family":"Jegnie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mulat Addis","family":"Beshaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amare Alemu","family":"Melese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wondwossen Amogne","family":"Degu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0322366.ref001","volume-title":"Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett\u2019s principles and practice of infectious diseases","author":"JE Bennett","year":"2000"},{"key":"pone.0322366.ref002","unstructured":"Lauren Cohee EA. Clinical manifestation and diagnosis of malaria. 2023."},{"key":"pone.0322366.ref003","volume-title":"WHO guidelines for malaria, 3 June 2022","author":"Organization, W.H","year":"2022"},{"key":"pone.0322366.ref004","volume-title":"WHO Guidelines for malaria","author":"WHO","year":"2021"},{"key":"pone.0322366.ref005","volume-title":"World malaria report","author":"WHO","year":"2023"},{"key":"pone.0322366.ref006","article-title":"Malaria - annual epidemiological report for 2021.","volume-title":"Annual epidemiological report","author":"Control, E.C.F.D.P.A","year":"2021"},{"key":"pone.0322366.ref007","first-page":"1","article-title":"Updates on malaria epidemiology and prevention strategies","author":"M Gonz\u00e1lez-Sanz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr Infect Dis Rep"},{"key":"pone.0322366.ref008","volume-title":"Malaria\u2014annual epidemiological report for 2019","author":"Prevention, E.C.F.D. and Control","year":"2021"},{"key":"pone.0322366.ref009","volume-title":"Global malaria programme","author":"WHO","year":"2024"},{"key":"pone.0322366.ref010","volume-title":"Malaria deaths fall, but vector resistance to insecticides a worrying trend","author":"Africa, W.R.O.F","year":"2023"},{"key":"pone.0322366.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5772\/intechopen.76519","article-title":"The artemisinin resistance in Southeast Asia: An imminent global threat to malaria elimination.","volume-title":"Towards malaria elimination-a leap forward","author":"AP Phyo","year":"2018"},{"key":"pone.0322366.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-29088-5_3","article-title":"Antimalarial drug resistance in Africa: strategies for monitoring and deterrence.","volume-title":"Malaria: drugs, disease and post-genomic biology","author":"C Plowe","year":"2005"},{"key":"pone.0322366.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.12766","article-title":"Antimalarial drug resistance in Africa: key lessons for the future","volume":"1342","author":"S Takala-Harrison","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0322366.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1590\/0037-8682-0098-2013","article-title":"Possible artemisinin-based combination therapy-resistant malaria in Nigeria: a report of three cases","volume":"46","author":"NA Ajayi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rev Soc Bras Med Trop"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0322366.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0264548","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0264548","article-title":"Molecular profiling of the artemisinin resistance Kelch 13 gene in Plasmodium falciparum from Nigeria","volume":"17","author":"FV Ajogbasile","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"13","key":"pone.0322366.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2101746","article-title":"Evidence of artemisinin-resistant malaria in Africa","volume":"385","author":"B Balikagala","year":"2021","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0322366.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1602","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-020-1005-2","article-title":"Emergence and clonal expansion of in vitro artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium falciparum kelch13 R561H mutant parasites in Rwanda","volume":"26","author":"A Uwimana","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0322366.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2804.212269","article-title":"In vitro confirmation of artemisinin resistance in Plasmodium falciparum from patient isolates, Southern Rwanda, 2019","volume":"28","author":"W van Loon","year":"2022","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"pone.0322366.ref019","unstructured":"Bloland PB. Drug resistance in malaria. 2001."},{"key":"pone.0322366.ref020","unstructured":"Ethiopia, F.M.O.H. Ethiopia malaria elimination strategic plan: 2021-2025. 2020."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0322366.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-017-1752-9","article-title":"Rapid diagnostic tests failing to detect Plasmodium falciparum infections in Eritrea: an investigation of reported false negative RDT results","volume":"16","author":"A Berhane","year":"2017","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0322366.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-018-2481-4","article-title":"Comparison of three diagnostic methods (microscopy, RDT, and PCR) for the detection of malaria parasites in representative samples from Equatorial Guinea","volume":"17","author":"P Berzosa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"key":"pone.0322366.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"898528","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.898528","article-title":"Treatment outcome and factors associated with mortality due to malaria in Munini District Hospital, Rwanda in 2016-2017: retrospective cross-sectional study","volume":"10","author":"F Hakizayezu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0322366.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2404.170141","article-title":"Artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium falciparum with high survival rates, Uganda, 2014-2016","volume":"24","author":"M Ikeda","year":"2018","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0322366.ref025","first-page":"320","article-title":"Comparison of clinical, microscopic, and rapid diagnostic test methods in the diagnosis of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in four districts in the Eastern Region, Ghana","volume":"3","author":"AR Lopez","year":"2022","journal-title":"Health Sci Investig J"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0322366.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-019-2711-4","article-title":"A comparison of thick-film microscopy, rapid diagnostic test, and polymerase chain reaction for accurate diagnosis of Plasmodium falciparum malaria","volume":"18","author":"KO Mfuh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"issue":"13","key":"pone.0322366.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2210956","article-title":"Increasing prevalence of artemisinin-resistant HRP2-negative malaria in Eritrea","volume":"389","author":"S Mihreteab","year":"2023","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0322366.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-022-04422-0","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of pyronaridine-artesunate (Pyramax\u00ae) for the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium vivax malaria in Northwest Ethiopia","volume":"21","author":"H Mohammed","year":"2022","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0322366.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.4103\/1117-1936.180362","article-title":"Comparison of clinical, microscopic and rapid diagnostic test methods in the diagnosis of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Enugu, Nigeria","volume":"14","author":"O Tagbo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Niger Postgrad Med J"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0322366.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0176004","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0176004","article-title":"Therapeutic efficacy of artemether-lumefantrine against uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in a high-transmission area in northwest Ethiopia","volume":"12","author":"M Teklemariam","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0322366.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-021-00962-4","article-title":"Plasmodium falciparum is evolving to escape malaria rapid diagnostic tests in Ethiopia","volume":"6","author":"SM Feleke","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0322366.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.19-0890","article-title":"Case report: primaquine failure for radical cure of plasmodium vivax malaria in Gambella, Ethiopia","volume":"103","author":"A Teklehaimanot","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"pone.0322366.ref033","volume-title":"The use of malaria rapid diagnostic tests","author":"WHO","year":"2004"},{"key":"pone.0322366.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1186\/s41182-019-0176-3","article-title":"A validation study of microscopy versus quantitative PCR for measuring Plasmodium falciparum parasitemia","volume":"47","author":"E Ballard","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trop Med Health"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0322366.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0001879","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgph.0001879","article-title":"Diagnostic performance of PfHRP2\/pLDH malaria rapid diagnostic tests in elimination setting, northwest Ethiopia","volume":"3","author":"MT Zeleke","year":"2023","journal-title":"PLOS Glob Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0322366.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-021-03629-x","article-title":"Detection of high prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2\/3 gene deletions in Assosa zone, Ethiopia: implication for malaria diagnosis","volume":"20","author":"GS Alemayehu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0322366.ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0241807","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0241807","article-title":"High prevalence and extended deletions in Plasmodium falciparum hrp2\/3 genomic loci in Ethiopia","volume":"15","author":"L Golassa","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0322366.ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2803.211499","article-title":"Plasmodium falciparum pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 gene deletions from persons with symptomatic malaria infection in Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, and Rwanda","volume":"28","author":"E Rogier","year":"2022","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"pone.0322366.ref039","volume-title":"National malaria guideline, ed. t. edition","author":"FMOH","year":"2022"},{"key":"pone.0322366.ref040","author":"WHO","year":"2024"},{"issue":"06","key":"pone.0322366.ref041","first-page":"1","article-title":"Malaria epidemiology and interventions in Ethiopia from 2001 to 2016","volume":"7","author":"HS Taffese","year":"2018","journal-title":"Infect Dis Poverty"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0322366.ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-021-03660-y","article-title":"Genomic analysis reveals independent evolution of Plasmodium falciparum populations in Ethiopia","volume":"20","author":"D Abera","year":"2021","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0322366.ref043","article-title":"Potentials, challenges and economic contributions of tourism resources in the South Achefer district, Ethiopia","volume":"8","author":"E Teshome","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cogent Soc Sci"},{"key":"pone.0322366.ref044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-020-05092-4","article-title":"High malaria parasitemia among outpatient febrile children in low endemic area, East-Central Tanzania in 2013","volume":"13","author":"B Chipwaza","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"},{"key":"pone.0322366.ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-13-334","article-title":"Variation in malariometric and red cell indices in children in the Mount Cameroon area following enhanced malaria control measures: evidence from a repeated cross-sectional study","volume":"13","author":"IUN Sumbele","year":"2014","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"key":"pone.0322366.ref046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-12-193","article-title":"Malaria and haematologic parameters of pupils at different altitudes along the slope of Mount Cameroon: a cross-sectional study","volume":"12","author":"HK Kimbi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"key":"pone.0322366.ref047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Koram KA, et al. Severe anemia in young children after high and low malaria transmission seasons in the Kassena-Nankana district of northern Ghana. 2000.","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2000.62.670"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0322366.ref048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.11613\/BM.2012.031","article-title":"Interrater reliability: the kappa statistic","volume":"22","author":"ML McHugh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biochem Med (Zagreb)"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0322366.ref049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-777X.201626","article-title":"Analysis of the clinical profile in patients with plasmodium falciparum malaria and its association with parasite density","volume":"9","author":"P Mangal","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Glob Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0322366.ref050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.18231\/j.ijmpo.2023.007","article-title":"Analysis of correlation between the parasite density and clinical profile of malaria","volume":"9","author":"A. Bhagora","year":"2023","journal-title":"IP Int J Med Paediatr Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0322366.ref051","article-title":"Clinical profile of severe Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax malaria in Jazan Region, Saudi Arabia","volume":"16","author":"MA Darraj","year":"2020","journal-title":"Malays J Med Health Sci"},{"issue":"9448","key":"pone.0322366.ref052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1896","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)17446-1","article-title":"Malaria misdiagnosis: effects on the poor and vulnerable","volume":"364","author":"M Amexo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"pone.0322366.ref053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5837890","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/5837890","article-title":"Comparative performance evaluation of routine malaria diagnosis at Ho Municipal Hospital","volume":"2016","author":"J Osei-Yeboah","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Parasitol Res"},{"key":"pone.0322366.ref054","first-page":"3954717","article-title":"Evaluating malaria prevalence using clinical diagnosis compared with microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests in a tertiary healthcare facility in Rivers State, Nigeria","volume":"2018","author":"MN Wogu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Trop Med"},{"issue":"08","key":"pone.0322366.ref055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.4236\/aim.2015.58063","article-title":"Comparison of microscopic determination and Rapid Diagnostic Tests (RDTs) in the detection of plasmodium infection","volume":"05","author":"OL Anagu","year":"2015","journal-title":"AiM"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0322366.ref056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2008.79.385","article-title":"Challenges in routine implementation and quality control of rapid diagnostic tests for malaria--Rufiji District, Tanzania","volume":"79","author":"ML McMorrow","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0322366.ref057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00035-07","article-title":"Update on rapid diagnostic testing for malaria","volume":"21","author":"CK Murray","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"pone.0322366.ref058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-7-118","article-title":"Evaluation of light microscopy and rapid diagnostic test for the detection of malaria under operational field conditions: a household survey in Ethiopia","volume":"7","author":"T Endeshaw","year":"2008","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0322366.ref059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-021-03928-3","article-title":"Genetic variation of Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2 and 3 in Assosa zone, Ethiopia: its impact on the performance of malaria rapid diagnostic tests","volume":"20","author":"GS Alemayehu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0322366.ref060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-024-04904-3","article-title":"Widespread pfhrp2\/3 deletions and HRP2-based false-negative results in southern Ethiopia","volume":"23","author":"B Mekonen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0322366.ref061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-017-1768-1","article-title":"False-negative malaria rapid diagnostic tests in Rwanda: impact of Plasmodium falciparum isolates lacking hrp2 and declining malaria transmission","volume":"16","author":"CT Kozycki","year":"2017","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"issue":"Pt 10","key":"pone.0322366.ref062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1491","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.052506-0","article-title":"Malaria rapid diagnostic tests: challenges and prospects","volume":"62","author":"JC Mouatcho","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Med Microbiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0322366.ref063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir143","article-title":"Evaluation of a PfHRP2 and a pLDH-based rapid diagnostic test for the diagnosis of severe malaria in 2 populations of African children","volume":"52","author":"ICE Hendriksen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0322366.ref064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2007.76.1092","article-title":"Comparison of HRP2- and pLDH-based rapid diagnostic tests for malaria with longitudinal follow-up in Kampala, Uganda","volume":"76","author":"H Hopkins","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"pone.0322366.ref065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-016-1085-0","article-title":"Field evaluation of the 22 rapid diagnostic tests for community management of malaria with artemisinin combination therapy in Cameroon","volume":"15","author":"IM Ali","year":"2016","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"key":"pone.0322366.ref066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.c930","article-title":"Rapid testing for malaria in settings where microscopy is available and peripheral clinics where only presumptive treatment is available: a randomised controlled trial in Ghana","volume":"340","author":"EK Ansah","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMJ"}],"container-title":["PLOS One"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0322366","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]],"date-time":"2025-05-07T13:42:23Z","timestamp":1746625343000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0322366"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Enoch","family":"Aninagyei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0322366","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]]}}}