{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,7]],"date-time":"2025-06-07T04:07:39Z","timestamp":1749269259808,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,6]],"date-time":"2025-06-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749168000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"NIAAA and NIDCD","award":["U01 AA016501"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01 AA016501"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Increased resistance to uterine artery blood flow is an index for poor pregnancy outcomes. This study aimed to examine the association between maternal uterine artery pulsatility index and cognitive development in infants aged one year, and whether placental dysfunction moderates this relationship.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This was a prospective cohort study in an economically deprived community in South Africa. 1297 pregnant women with singleton gestations and their term infants were assessed. uterine artery pulsatility index, assessed by Doppler ultrasound in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy were examined. Placental dysfunction is indicated by maternal vascular malperfusion and accelerated villous maturation of the placenta. The primary outcome was infant cognitive development, assessed by the composite score of the Mullen Scales of Early Learning, at one year of age.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Higher uterine artery pulsatility index was associated with lower cognitive scores, when adjusting for alcohol consumption and antenatal depression in the second trimester (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u22120.086, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.007), explaining 5% of the variance in the model. There was no evidence of moderation by maternal vascular malperfusion or accelerated villous maturation of the placenta.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Abnormal uterine artery pulsatility indices during the second trimester is associated with cognitive development in infants.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0322806","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,6]],"date-time":"2025-06-06T20:01:22Z","timestamp":1749240082000},"page":"e0322806","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The relationship between maternal uterine artery doppler ultrasound during the second and third trimesters and infant cognitive development at one year of age: Findings from a South African prospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2748-0310","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sydni A.","family":"Weissgold","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noha","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lucy","family":"Brink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amy J.","family":"Elliott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Loth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0654-7990","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Vaheshta","family":"Sethna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hein","family":"Odendaal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0322806.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860110","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.860110","article-title":"Prenatal environment and neurodevelopmental disorders","volume":"13","author":"M Doi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0322806.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.16510","article-title":"Prediction of stillbirth: an umbrella review of evaluation of prognostic variables","volume":"128","author":"R Townsend","year":"2021","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0322806.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1111\/apm.12833","article-title":"Maternal vascular malperfusion of the placental bed","volume":"126","author":"LM Ernst","year":"2018","journal-title":"APMIS"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0322806.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.13275","article-title":"First-trimester uterine artery Doppler and adverse pregnancy outcome: a meta-analysis involving 55,974 women","volume":"43","author":"L Velauthar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0322806.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2009.03.027","article-title":"Uterine artery doppler flow studies in obstetric practice","volume":"201","author":"Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0322806.ref006","first-page":"35","article-title":"Uterine doppler velocimetry of the uterine arteries in the second and third trimesters for the prediction of gestational outcome","volume":"36","author":"M Afrakhteh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet"},{"issue":"24","key":"pone.0322806.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4810","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2020.1865301","article-title":"Increased pulsatility index of uterine artery Doppler between 26 and 28 weeks of gestation and adverse perinatal outcomes","volume":"35","author":"DR Ramos","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0322806.ref008","article-title":"Prognostic accuracy of antenatal Doppler ultrasound for adverse perinatal outcomes in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review","volume":"11","author":"S Ali","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0322806.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1080\/01443615.2019.1666094","article-title":"Can increased resistance to uterine artery flow be a risk factor for adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in childhood? 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