{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T01:39:40Z","timestamp":1773365980603,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747094400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020771","name":"Natural Science Foundation for Young Scientists of Shanxi Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021RC006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021RC006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020771","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec017\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Data regarding the association between anthropometric factors and meningioma risk are inconsistent. Our aim was to investigate the association of body mass index (BMI), height, waist to hip ratio (WHR), waist circumference, and meningioma risk through a comprehensive meta-analysis.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec018\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>An extensive review of literature was conducted in PubMed and Embase databases. Random-effects models were used to pool the study-specific relative risk estimates (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Moreover, we employed a dose-response meta-analysis with a one-stage robust error meta-regression (REMR) model.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec019\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>We included nine prospective studies for four anthropometric factors listed above and meningioma risk. Compared with normal weight, both overweight (RR:1.11, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.19; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.003, I<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u20090.0%) and obesity (RR: 1.38, 95% CI:1.16, 1.64; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001, I<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u200954.7%) were statistically significantly associated with meningioma risk. Dose-response analysis showed a nonlinear relationship between BMI and meningioma risk (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.038). For height, a positive association was identified for men (RR:1.30, 95% CI:1.08, 1.56; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.005, I<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u20090.0%) but not women (RR:1.13, 95% CI: 0.94,1.36; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.186, I<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u200949.8%). Highest vs. lowest levels analyses also showed a positive association between meningioma risk and waist circumference (RR:1.89, 95% CI:1.34, 2.66; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001, I<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u20090.0%) and WHR (RR:1.40, 95% CI:1.00, 1.94; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.048, I<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u20090.0%).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec020\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Our meta-analysis indicates greater height (in men) and excess weight and body fat mass were associated with an increased risk of meningioma. Further prospective studies with particular attention to sex disparity and dose-response analysis are warranted to confirm our observation.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0323461","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T17:31:21Z","timestamp":1747157481000},"page":"e0323461","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Association between anthropometric factors and meningioma risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Chao","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8260-4761","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Chuan","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xinmin","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0323461.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noae145","article-title":"CBTRUS statistical report: primary brain and other central nervous system tumors diagnosed in the United States in 2017-2021","volume":"26","author":"M Price","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0323461.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines9030319","article-title":"Meningioma: a review of epidemiology, pathology, diagnosis, treatment, and future directions","volume":"9","author":"C Ogasawara","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0323461.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1770","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwab054","article-title":"Association of anthropometric measures with the risk of prostate cancer in the multiethnic cohort","volume":"190","author":"O Sattayapiwat","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0323461.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1159\/000110195","article-title":"Pre-morbid height and weight as risk factors for development of central nervous system neoplasms","volume":"8","author":"A Helseth","year":"1989","journal-title":"Neuroepidemiology"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0323461.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2003.99.5.0848","article-title":"Sex steroid hormone exposures and risk for meningioma","volume":"99","author":"BS Jhawar","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0323461.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6604445","article-title":"Lifestyle factors and primary glioma and meningioma tumours in the Million Women Study cohort","volume":"99","author":"VS Benson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0323461.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/nor081","article-title":"Risk factors for meningioma in postmenopausal women: results from the Iowa Women\u2019s Health Study","volume":"13","author":"DR Johnson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0323461.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1385","DOI":"10.1158\/1940-6207.CAPR-11-0014","article-title":"Anthropometric measures, physical activity, and risk of glioma and meningioma in a large prospective cohort study","volume":"4","author":"DS Michaud","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cancer Prev Res (Phila)"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0323461.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0b013e32834e9176","article-title":"Blood pressure and other metabolic syndrome factors and risk of brain tumour in the large population-based Me-Can cohort study","volume":"30","author":"M Edlinger","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0323461.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2013.304","article-title":"Body mass index and the risk of meningioma, glioma and schwannoma in a large prospective cohort study (The HUNT Study)","volume":"109","author":"M Wiedmann","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0323461.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1302","DOI":"10.1080\/0284186X.2017.1330554","article-title":"Overweight, obesity and height as risk factors for meningioma, glioma, pituitary adenoma and nerve sheath tumor: a large population-based prospective cohort study","volume":"56","author":"MKH Wiedmann","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0323461.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noz005","article-title":"Body mass index, comorbidities, and hormonal factors in relation to meningioma in an ethnically diverse population: the Multiethnic Cohort","volume":"21","author":"IS Muskens","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol"},{"key":"pone.0323461.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2020.06.001","article-title":"Body mass index and height in relation to brain tumor risk in a Japanese population","volume":"51","author":"T Ogawa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Epidemiol"},{"key":"pone.0323461.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-020-07292-4","article-title":"Height as a risk factor in meningioma: a study of 2 million Israeli adolescents","volume":"20","author":"M Ben-Zion Berliner","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0323461.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/0284186X.2021.2009562","article-title":"The impact of body mass index and height on risk for primary tumours of the spinal cord, spinal meninges, spinal and peripheral nerves in 1.7 million norwegian women and men: a prospective cohort study","volume":"61","author":"A Gheorghiu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0323461.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1080\/01635589409514339","article-title":"Diet and serum markers in relation to primary brain tumor risk in China","volume":"22","author":"WD Guo","year":"1994","journal-title":"Nutr Cancer"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0323461.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cdp.2005.07.002","article-title":"Predisposing conditions and risk factors for development of symptomatic meningioma in adults","volume":"29","author":"B Schneider","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cancer Detect Prev"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0323461.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1152","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.21950","article-title":"Association of meningioma with reproductive factors","volume":"119","author":"E Lee","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"pone.0323461.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-6-152","article-title":"Hormonal exposures and the risk of intracranial meningioma in women: a population-based case-control study","volume":"6","author":"B Custer","year":"2006","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0323461.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.3171\/2012.9.JNS12811","article-title":"Exogenous hormone use, reproductive factors, and risk of intracranial meningioma in females","volume":"118","author":"EB Claus","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0323461.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1007\/s10147-012-0408-6","article-title":"The relationship between urinary bisphenol A levels and meningioma in Chinese adults","volume":"18","author":"B Duan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0323461.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.3171\/2013.12.JNS131170","article-title":"Endogenous and exogenous hormone exposure and the risk of meningioma in men","volume":"120","author":"JM Schildkraut","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0323461.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2284","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.13667","article-title":"Metabolic syndrome in relation to risk of meningioma","volume":"8","author":"C Seliger","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0323461.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.2174\/1573401317666210319091104","article-title":"Body mass index and waist hip ratio as a risk factor for meningioma incidence","volume":"17","author":"H Yuniarti","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr Nut Food Sci"},{"key":"pone.0323461.ref025","article-title":"Male obesity is associated with meningiomas: a U.S. population-based study with validation in an institutional cohort","volume":"84","author":"KR Nandoliya","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Neurol Surg B Skull Base"},{"key":"pone.0323461.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2067","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2017.35.15_suppl.2067","article-title":"Epidemiologic study of risk factors for meningioma in the Mayo Clinic study of aging","volume":"35","author":"A Butts","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0323461.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2018.07.026","article-title":"Factors associated with meningioma detected in a population-based sample","volume":"94","author":"JH Cerhan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"pone.0323461.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-36186-6","article-title":"Mendelian randomization provides support for obesity as a risk factor for meningioma","volume":"9","author":"H Takahashi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0323461.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0090167","article-title":"Overweight, obesity and meningioma risk: a meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"C Shao","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0323461.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0136974","article-title":"Obesity and risk for brain\/CNS tumors, gliomas and meningiomas: a meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"TN Sergentanis","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"15","key":"pone.0323461.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1342","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000002020","article-title":"Body mass index, physical activity, and risk of adult meningioma and glioma: a meta-analysis","volume":"85","author":"T Niedermaier","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0323461.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1038\/ejcn.2016.4","article-title":"Body mass index and risk of brain tumors: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis","volume":"70","author":"D Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0323461.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000097","article-title":"Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement","volume":"6","author":"D Moher","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0323461.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-2456(86)90046-2","article-title":"Meta-analysis in clinical trials","volume":"7","author":"R DerSimonian","year":"1986","journal-title":"Control Clin Trials"},{"issue":"7414","key":"pone.0323461.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.327.7414.557","article-title":"Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses","volume":"327","author":"JPT Higgins","year":"2003","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"pone.0323461.ref036","article-title":"Infertility, recurrent pregnancy loss, and risk of stroke: pooled analysis of individual patient data of 618\u2009851 women","volume":"377","author":"C Liang","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"9403","key":"pone.0323461.ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)15268-3","article-title":"Appropriate body-mass index for Asian populations and its implications for policy and intervention strategies","volume":"363","author":"WHO Expert Consultation","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0323461.ref038","article-title":"Body mass index and risk of Parkinson\u2019s disease: a dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies","volume":"10","author":"Y-L Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"pone.0323461.ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878233","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.878233","article-title":"Oral contraceptive and glioma risk: a prospective cohort study and meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"C Shao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0323461.ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1097\/XEB.0000000000000132","article-title":"The robust error meta-regression method for dose-response meta-analysis","volume":"16","author":"C Xu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Evid Based Healthc"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0323461.ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(15)00474-X","article-title":"Divergent associations of height with cardiometabolic disease and cancer: epidemiology, pathophysiology, and global implications","volume":"4","author":"N Stefan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0323461.ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.3109\/03014460.2010.507221","article-title":"A cross-sectional analysis of the associations between adult height, BMI and serum concentrations of IGF-I and IGFBP-1 -2 and -3 in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)","volume":"38","author":"FL Crowe","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Hum Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0323461.ref043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-030507","article-title":"Do height-related variations in insulin-like growth factors underlie the associations of stature with adult chronic disease?","volume":"89","author":"D Gunnell","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0323461.ref044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc3215","article-title":"The insulin and insulin-like growth factor receptor family in neoplasia: an update","volume":"12","author":"M Pollak","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0323461.ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noab049","article-title":"Height in adolescence as a risk factor for glioma subtypes: a nationwide retrospective cohort study of 2.2 million subjects","volume":"23","author":"R Tschernichovsky","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0323461.ref046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annonc.2020.02.010","article-title":"Height as a mediator of sex differences in cancer risk","volume":"31","author":"BC Fu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0323461.ref047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21499","article-title":"Global patterns in excess body weight and the associated cancer burden","volume":"69","author":"H Sung","year":"2019","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0323461.ref048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2859","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13122859","article-title":"Associations of general and abdominal obesity with the risk of glioma development","volume":"13","author":"S Ahn","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"pone.0323461.ref049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933921","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.933921","article-title":"Body mass index and glioma risk: a prospective multicenter study","volume":"13","author":"C Shao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"pone.0323461.ref050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2018.11.001","article-title":"Obesity and cancer risk: emerging biological mechanisms and perspectives","volume":"92","author":"KI Avgerinos","year":"2019","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0323461.ref051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1007\/s11912-010-0139-7","article-title":"Obesity and cancer risk: recent review and evidence","volume":"13","author":"K Basen-Engquist","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Oncol Rep"},{"key":"pone.0323461.ref052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2023.03.002","article-title":"Obesity and main urologic cancers: current systematic evidence, novel biological mechanisms, perspectives and challenges","volume":"91","author":"G Papavasileiou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Semin Cancer Biol"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0323461.ref053","first-page":"111","article-title":"Immunohistochemical expression of progesterone and estrogen receptors in meningiomas","volume":"44","author":"A Omulecka","year":"2006","journal-title":"Folia Neuropathol"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0323461.ref054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1985.62.5.0757","article-title":"Modulation of meningioma cell growth by sex steroid hormones in vitro","volume":"62","author":"JR Jay","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0323461.ref055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0215(19970904)72:5<714::AID-IJC2>3.0.CO;2-V","article-title":"Constitutive co-expression of estrogen and progesterone receptor mRNA in human meningiomas by RT-PCR and response of in vitro cell cultures to steroid hormones","volume":"72","author":"V Speirs","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"pone.0323461.ref056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1428142","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2024.1428142","article-title":"Lifestyle and metabolic factors affect risk for meningioma in women: a prospective population-based study (The Cohort of Norway)","volume":"14","author":"A Gheorghiu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0323461.ref057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3171\/FOC-07\/10\/E7","article-title":"Inflammatory response and meningioma tumorigenesis and the effect of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors","volume":"23","author":"BT Ragel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"key":"pone.0323461.ref058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-015-0388-3","article-title":"Mast cells in meningiomas and brain inflammation","volume":"12","author":"S Polyzoidis","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"}],"container-title":["PLOS One"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0323461","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T17:31:35Z","timestamp":1747157495000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0323461"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Zhaoqing","family":"Du","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0323461","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]]}}}