{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T02:58:24Z","timestamp":1769050704408,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,12]],"date-time":"2025-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747008000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec008\">\n<jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The IMOvifa\u2122 perimeter with a 24plus (1-2) testing mode has additional measurement points within the central 10\u2009degrees, which may help evaluate the visual field within this area. Here, we comparatively evaluated the IMOvifa\u2122 24plus (1-2) and HFA 10-2 for the first time.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec009\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>We included 30 patients (48 eyes) who underwent HFA 24-2 Swedish Interactive Threshold Algorithm Standard and IMOvifa\u2122 24plus (1-2) Ambient Interactive Zippy Estimated tests on the same day and HFA 10-2 within six months. We used Spearman\u2019s rank correlation coefficient to analyze the mean deviation (MD) and pattern standard deviation (PSD) between HFA 10-2 and IMOvifa\u2122. The central 10-degree visual field was divided into four sectors, and concordance of visual field defects between IMOvifa\u2122 24plus (1-2) and HFA 10-2 was evaluated using kappa analysis. Additionally, all sectors showing a sensitivity of 0 dB on the HFA 24-2 were assessed for the presence and agreement of residual visual field in HFA 10-2 and IMOvifa\u2122 24plus (1-2).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec010\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The MD (0.843\/0.804) and PSD (0.852\/0.763) of IMOvifa\u2122 24plus (1-2) and HFA 24-2 correlated strongly with those of HFA 10-2. Regarding the ability to detect visual field defects within the central 10\u2009degrees, agreement with HFA 10-2 was \u03ba\u2009=\u20090.715 (0.611,0.819) and 0.754 (0.654,0.854) for IMOvifa\u2122 24plus (1-2) and HFA 24-2, respectively. In the evaluation of residual visual field, IMOvifa\u2122 24plus (1-2) detected residual visual function in 100% of cases where HFA 10-2 indicated residual function.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec011\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The IMOvifa\u2122 24plus (1-2) may have a higher ability to detect defects in certain areas of the visual field, compared with HFA 24-2, and may also detect residual visual function. However, the IMOvifa\u2122 24plus (1-2) is difficult to substitute for the 10-2 test, as the 10-2 test is necessary for evaluating visual field defects within the central 10\u2009degrees.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0323630","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,12]],"date-time":"2025-05-12T17:41:24Z","timestamp":1747071684000},"page":"e0323630","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Evaluation of visual function within the central 10\u2009degrees using IMOvifa\u2122 24plus (1-2)"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-1535-4894","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yuki","family":"Takagi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryo","family":"Asano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kana","family":"Yamashita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yukihiro","family":"Sakai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sho","family":"Yokoyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kei","family":"Ichikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-6165-154X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kazuo","family":"Ichikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0323630.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0161974","article-title":"Visual field testing with head-mounted perimeter \u201cimo\u201d","volume":"11","author":"C Matsumoto","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0323630.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1882","DOI":"10.18240\/ijo.2021.12.11","article-title":"Comparison of imo and Humphrey Field Analyzer perimeters in glaucomatous eyes","volume":"14","author":"Y Nakai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"pone.0323630.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S190995","article-title":"Comparison of head-mounted perimeter (imo\u00ae) and Humphrey Field Analyzer","volume":"13","author":"T Kimura","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0323630.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0000000000002134","article-title":"Perimetric comparison between the IMOvifa and Humphrey Field Analyzer","volume":"32","author":"T Nishida","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Glaucoma"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0323630.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1007\/s10384-023-01007-5","article-title":"Test-retest repeatability of the imo binocular random single-eye test and Humphrey monocular test in patients with glaucoma","volume":"67","author":"H Toyokuni","year":"2023","journal-title":"Jpn J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0323630.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1080\/01658107.2016.1220593","article-title":"Bilateral concurrent eye examination with a head-mounted perimeter for diagnosing functional visual loss","volume":"40","author":"T Goseki","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuroophthalmology"},{"key":"pone.0323630.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101877","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajoc.2023.101877","article-title":"A case of functional visual loss diagnosed through bilateral randomized visual field testing with a trick method","volume":"32","author":"Y Takagi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0323630.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1167\/tvst.5.2.15","article-title":"The 24-2 visual field test misses central macular damage confirmed by the 10-2 visual field test and optical coherence tomography","volume":"5","author":"LM Grillo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Transl Vis Sci Technol"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0323630.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2013.7656","article-title":"Prevalence and nature of early glaucomatous defects in the central 10\u00b0 of the visual field","volume":"132","author":"I Traynis","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0323630.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1546","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2013.01.045","article-title":"Parafoveal scotoma progression in glaucoma: humphrey 10-2 versus 24-2 visual field analysis","volume":"120","author":"SC Park","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"pone.0323630.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2018.08.010","article-title":"Performance of the 10-2 and 24-2 visual field tests for detecting central visual field abnormalities in glaucoma","volume":"196","author":"Z Wu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0323630.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1236","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2014-306431","article-title":"Choosing two points to add to the 24-2 pattern to better describe macular visual field damage due to glaucoma","volume":"99","author":"S Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0323630.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1167\/tvst.3.6.6","article-title":"Modifying the conventional visual field test pattern to improve the detection of early glaucomatous defects in the central 10\u00b0","volume":"3","author":"AC Ehrlich","year":"2014","journal-title":"Transl Vis Sci Technol"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0323630.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0000000000001928","article-title":"Comparison of the 24-2 and 24-2C visual field grids in determining the macular structure-function relationship in glaucoma","volume":"30","author":"JW Hong","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Glaucoma"},{"key":"pone.0323630.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2020.06.024","article-title":"Ability of 24-2C and 24-2 grids to identify central visual field defects and structure-function concordance in glaucoma and suspects","volume":"219","author":"J Phu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0323630.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1405","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2021.03.014","article-title":"Comparison of 10-2 and 24-2C test grids for identifying central visual field defects in glaucoma and suspect patients","volume":"128","author":"J Phu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0323630.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0000000000001844","article-title":"Agreement between 10-2 and 24-2C visual field test protocols for detecting glaucomatous central visual field defects","volume":"30","author":"T Chakravarti","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Glaucoma"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0323630.ref018","first-page":"406","article-title":"Comparing static perimetry protocols of central field testing among patients with glaucoma","volume":"100","author":"G Behera","year":"2023","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"pone.0323630.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2024.07.024","article-title":"Comparative analysis of 24-2C, 24-2, and 10-2 visual field tests for detecting mild-stage glaucoma with central visual field defects","volume":"268","author":"E Nishijima","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0323630.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3203","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.15-18798","article-title":"Clustering of combined 24-2 and 10-2 visual field grids and their relationship with circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness","volume":"57","author":"H Nakanishi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0323630.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0000000000001764","article-title":"Central visual field sensitivity with and without background light given to the nontested fellow eye in glaucoma patients","volume":"30","author":"I Mine","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Glaucoma"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0323630.ref022","first-page":"1258","article-title":"Comparison of central visual sensitivity between monocular and binocular testing in advanced glaucoma patients using imo perimetry","volume":"104","author":"T Kumagai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0323630.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0210691","article-title":"Comparison of monocular sensitivities measured with and without occlusion using the head-mounted perimeter imo","volume":"14","author":"A Wakayama","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0323630.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0000000000001675","article-title":"Effect of sensitivity disparity between the two eyes on pointwise monocular sensitivity under binocular viewing in patients with glaucoma","volume":"30","author":"A Wakayama","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Glaucoma"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0323630.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1809","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(00)00284-0","article-title":"Mapping the visual field to the optic disc in normal tension glaucoma eyes","volume":"107","author":"DF Garway-Heath","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0323630.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3018","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.08-1775","article-title":"Mapping standard automated perimetry to the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer in glaucoma","volume":"49","author":"A Ferreras","year":"2008","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0323630.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1500","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.126.11.1500","article-title":"Regional relationship between retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and corresponding visual field sensitivity in glaucomatous eyes","volume":"126","author":"A Kanamori","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"}],"container-title":["PLOS One"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0323630","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,12]],"date-time":"2025-05-12T17:41:32Z","timestamp":1747071692000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0323630"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Ryo","family":"Asaoka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,12]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,12]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0323630","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,12]]}}}