{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T00:01:33Z","timestamp":1762300893162,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":96,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747180800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018943","name":"Consejer\u00eda de Conocimiento, Investigaci\u00f3n y Universidad, Junta de Andaluc\u00eda","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UHU-202052"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UHU-202052"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018943","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:p>During the excavations undertaken in 2018 at the Nueva Biblioteca sector of the Valencina Copper Age mega-site, in south-west Spain, an exceptional sperm-whale tooth was found inside a non-burial pit. This remarkable object is the first of its kind ever found for Late Prehistoric Iberia. Due to its rarity and importance, a multidisciplinary study was carried out, including photogrammetric 3D modelling, as well as taphonomic, paleontological, technological and contextual analysis. This led to a full characterisation of the artefact through the analysis of its bioerosion traces, anthropogenic marks, depositional context and socio-cultural background. The ensuing discussion covers the history and processes the tooth went through from the death of the animal and disposal on the seabed, through the disarticulation of the tooth to its collection in a coastal environment and its subsequent use and deposition in the pit.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0323773","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T17:34:32Z","timestamp":1747244072000},"page":"e0323773","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["From the jaws of the \u201cLeviathan\u201d: A sperm whale tooth from the Valencina Copper Age Megasite"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-8563-4528","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Samuel","family":"Ram\u00edrez-Cruzado Aguilar-Galindo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miriam","family":"Lucia\u00f1ez-Trivi\u00f1o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Mu\u00f1iz Guinea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luis Miguel","family":"C\u00e1ceres Puro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Toscano Grande","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7641-300X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Marta","family":"D\u00edaz-Guardamino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan Manuel","family":"Vargas Jim\u00e9nez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas Xavier","family":"Schuhmacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8947-117X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rafael Mar\u00eda","family":"Mart\u00ednez S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4641-4754","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Santiago","family":"Guillam\u00f3n D\u00e1vila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9475-3307","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Joaqu\u00edn","family":"Rodr\u00edguez Vidal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leonardo","family":"Garc\u00eda Sanju\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0323773.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jas.2011.06.029","article-title":"Differentiation of archaeological ivory and bone materials by micro-PIXE\/PIGE with emphasis on two Upper Palaeolithic key sites: Abri Pataud and Isturitz, France","volume":"38","author":"K M\u00fcller","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Archaeol Sci"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1017\/S0003598X00047827","article-title":"The oldest art of the Eurasian Arctic: personal ornaments and symbolic objects from Yana RHS, Arctic Siberia","volume":"86","author":"VV Pitulko","year":"2012","journal-title":"Antiquity"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anthro.2017.11.005","article-title":"Les statuettes en ivoire gravettiennes d\u2019europe occidentale","volume":"122","author":"C Schwab","year":"2018","journal-title":"L\u2019Anthropologie"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref004","first-page":"348","article-title":"Ivory ornaments of the Aurignacian in western Europe: case studies from France and Germany","volume":"122","author":"S Wolf","year":"2018","journal-title":"L\u2019Anthropol"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref005","article-title":"Gravettian ivory ornaments in central europe, moravia (czech republic)","volume":"125","author":"M Laznickova-Galetova","year":"2021","journal-title":"L\u2019Anthropol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0323773.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1017\/S0959774321000287","article-title":"Crafting idiosyncrasies. Early social complexity, ivory and identity-making in Copper Age Iberia","volume":"32","author":"M Lucia\u00f1ez-Trivi\u00f1o","year":"2021","journal-title":"CAJ"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref007","first-page":"47","article-title":"Nuevas evidencias de restos de mam\u00edferos marinos en el magdaleniense: los datos de la cueva de las caldas (Asturias, Espa\u00f1a)","volume":"59","author":"MS Corch\u00f3n-Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2008","journal-title":"Munibe"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0323773.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.01.015","article-title":"Long range inland-coastal networks during the Late Magdalenian: evidence for individual acquisition of marine resources at Andernach-Martinsberg, German Central Rhineland","volume":"64","author":"MC Langley","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Hum Evol"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref009","first-page":"188","article-title":"Marine resource exploitation during the Middle and early Upper Paleolithic in Europe: overview of the available evidence.","volume-title":"Aurignacian genius: art, technology and society of the first modern humans in Europe. Proceedings of the International Symposium, New York University, Vol. 7","author":"E. \u00c1lvarez-Fern\u00e1ndez","year":"2015"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref010","first-page":"185","article-title":"The use of sperm whale ivory in chalcolithic Portugal","volume":"70","author":"T Schuhmacher","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trabajos de Prehistoria"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref011","first-page":"379","article-title":"Beaker people without beaker pots: the Chalcolithic funerary context from the Galeria da Cisterna (Almonda karst system, Torres Novas, Portugal).","volume-title":"Del Neol\u00edtic a l\u2019Edat del Bronze en el Mediterrani Occidental. Estudis en Homenatge a Bernat Mart\u00ed Oliver, Vol. 119","author":"J Zilh\u00e3o","year":"2016"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref012","first-page":"165","article-title":"Ballenas y delfines en la prehistoria peninsular. Los restos de cet\u00e1ceo de La Vital (Gand\u00eda).","volume-title":"Recursos marins en el passat. IV Jornades d\u2019Arqueozoologia","author":"J PascualBenito","year":"2019"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.3989\/tp.2022.12291","article-title":"Sperm-whale v-perforated buttons from galeria da cisterna (almonda karst system, torres novas, portugal)","volume":"79","author":"J Zilh\u00e3o","year":"2022","journal-title":"Trabajos Prehist"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.4000\/aaa.694","article-title":"Recherches arch\u00e9ologiques \u00e0 Dungo (Angola). Un site de charognage de baleine de plus d\u2019un million d\u2019ann\u00e9es","volume":"6","author":"M Gutierrez","year":"2010","journal-title":"AAA"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.quaint.2013.01.014","article-title":"Occurrence of whale barnacles in Nerja Cave (M\u00e1laga, southern Spain): Indirect evidence of whale consumption by humans in the Upper Magdalenian","volume":"337","author":"E \u00c1lvarez-Fern\u00e1ndez","year":"2014","journal-title":"Quat Int"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106692","DOI":"10.1016\/j.quascirev.2020.106692","article-title":"Interconnected Magdalenian societies as revealed by the circulation of whale bone artefacts in the Pyreneo-Cantabrian region","volume":"251","author":"A Lefebvre","year":"2021","journal-title":"Quat Sci Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0323773.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-7692.2009.00356.x","article-title":"Late Pleistocene and Holocene whale remains (Cetacea) from Denmark and adjacent countries: species, distribution, chronology, and trace element concentrations","volume":"26","author":"K Aaris-S\u00f8rensen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mar Mamm Sci"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref018","first-page":"394","volume-title":"Regionality and biotope exploitation in Danish Erteb\u00f8lle and adjoining periods","author":"IB Enghoff","year":"2011"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16288","DOI":"10.1038\/srep16288","article-title":"Climate-driven environmental changes around 8,200 years ago favoured increases in cetacean strandings and Mediterranean hunter-gatherers exploited them","volume":"5","author":"MA Mannino","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref020","volume-title":"Vanges\u00f8 and Holmegaard: Erteb\u00f8lle fishers and hunters on Djursland","author":"S Andersen","year":"2018"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1017\/S0959774300000093","article-title":"Very like a whale: menhirs, motifs and myths in the Mesolithic-Neolithic transition of northwest Europe","volume":"10","author":"A Whittle","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cambridge Archaeol J"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.15184\/aqy.2021.115","article-title":"Sperm whales in the Neolithic Mediterranean: a tooth from the sanctuary of Monte d\u2019Accoddi (Sardinia, Italy)","volume":"95","author":"MG Melis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Antiquity"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref023","first-page":"193","article-title":"Ossos de cet\u00e1ceo usados no calcol\u00edtico da Estremadura","volume":"5","author":"JL Cardoso","year":"1995","journal-title":"Estud Arqueol Oeiras"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref024","first-page":"349","article-title":"Determinaci\u00f3n de la esc\u00e1pula de ballena encontrada en La Campa Torres.","volume-title":"El castro de la Campa Torres. Periodo prerromano","author":"C Nores","year":"2001"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1017\/eaa.2018.15","article-title":"Whalebone gaming pieces: aspects of marine mammal exploitation in Vendel and Viking Age Scandinavia","volume":"21","author":"A Hennius","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Archaeol"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107470","DOI":"10.1016\/j.quascirev.2022.107470","article-title":"What\u2019s in a whale bone? Combining new analytical methods, ecology and history to shed light on ancient human-whale interactions","volume":"284","author":"A Charpentier","year":"2022","journal-title":"Quat Sci Rev"},{"issue":"82","key":"pone.0323773.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1017\/S0003598X00016513","article-title":"Whales as an economic factor in prehistoric Europe","volume":"21","author":"G Clark","year":"1947","journal-title":"Antiquity"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref028","first-page":"53","article-title":"The development of indigenous whaling: prehistoric and historic contexts","volume":"67","author":"JM Savelle","year":"2005","journal-title":"Senri Ethnol Stud"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0323773.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1007\/s10963-017-9107-6","article-title":"The mega-site of Valencina de la Concepci\u00f3n (Seville, Spain): debating settlement form, monumentality and aggregation in southern Iberian Copper Age societies","volume":"30","author":"L Garc\u00eda Sanju\u00e1n","year":"2017","journal-title":"J World Prehist"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref030","volume-title":"Chalkolithische und fr\u00fchbronzezeitliche elfenbeinobjekte auf der iberischen halbinsel. Studien zu herkunft, austausch, verarbeitung und sozialer bedeutung von elfenbein","author":"T Schuhmacher","year":"2012"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref031","first-page":"119","article-title":"Social complexity in copper age southern Iberia (ca. 3200\u20132200 cal bc): reviewing the \u2018state\u2019 hypothesis at Valencina de la Concepci\u00f3n (Seville, Spain).","volume-title":"The Prehistory of Iberia","author":"L Garc\u00edaSanju\u00e1n","year":"2013"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref032","first-page":"23","article-title":"Ivory, elites and lineages in copper age iberia: exploring the wider significance of the montelirio tomb","volume":"59","author":"L Garc\u00eda Sanju\u00e1n","year":"2018","journal-title":"Madrider Mitteilungen"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1579","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jas.2012.10.028","article-title":"The ivory workshop of Valencina de la Concepci\u00f3n (Seville, Spain) and the identification of ivory from Asian elephant on the Iberian Peninsula in the first half of the 3rd millennium BC","volume":"40","author":"F Nocete Calvo","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Archaeol Sci"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.15184\/aqy.2018.112","article-title":"Siret\u2019s smile","volume":"92","author":"J Guilaine","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antiquity"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref035","volume-title":"Times of their lives: hunting history in the archaeology of Neolithic Europe","author":"A Whittle","year":"2018"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/9781009099837","volume-title":"Megasites in prehistoric Europe. Where strangers and kinfolks met","author":"B Gaydarska","year":"2022"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1017\/RDC.2020.41","article-title":"The intcal20 northern hemisphere radiocarbon age calibration curve (0\u201355 cal kBP)","volume":"62","author":"P Reimer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Radiocarbon"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref038","first-page":"104299","article-title":"Investigating the Late Chalcolithic pottery production and consumption at Valencina de la Concepci\u00f3n (Seville, SW-Spain): an archaeometric analysis using petrographic and LA-ICP-MS techniques","volume":"53","author":"M Kibaro\u011flu","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Archaeol Sci: Rep"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref039","first-page":"43","article-title":"Las cer\u00e1micas pintadas de la edad del cobre en Valencina de la Concepci\u00f3n (Sevilla) y sus contextos","volume":"23","author":"F Fern\u00e1ndezG\u00f3mez","year":"2009","journal-title":"Temas de Est\u00e9tica y Arte"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1007\/s10963-020-09150-4","article-title":"A new perspective on copper age technology, economy and settlement. Grinding tools at the Valencina mega-site","volume":"33","author":"F Mart\u00ednez-Sevilla","year":"2020","journal-title":"J World Prehist"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref041","first-page":"187","article-title":"Rock art an digital technologies: the application of reflectance transformation imaging (rti) and 3d laser scanning to the study of late bronze age iberian stelae","volume":"4","author":"M D\u00edaz-Guardamino","year":"2013","journal-title":"Menga"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.5209\/cmpl.85238","article-title":"Rock art technology, reflectance transformation imaging and experimental archaeology: recent research on Iberian late Bronze Age warrior stelae","volume":"34","author":"M D\u00edaz-Guardamino","year":"2023","journal-title":"Complutumn"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1515\/opar-2018-0005","article-title":"By all means necessary\u20132.5 d and 3d recording of surfaces in the study of southern Scandinavian rock art","volume":"4","author":"C Horn","year":"2018","journal-title":"Open Archaeol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0323773.ref044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17311","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-96754-1","article-title":"First tracks of newborn straight-tusked elephants (Palaeoloxodon antiquus)","volume":"11","author":"C Neto de Carvalho","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref045","first-page":"5","article-title":"Propositions pour une terminologie du travail pr\u00e9historique des mati\u00e8res osseuses. 1. Les techniques","author":"A Averbouh","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pr\u00e9hist Anthropol M\u00e9dit"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref046","volume-title":"Multilingual lexicon of bone industries. Version 1, part I: fran\u00e7ais, english, italiano, espa\u00f1ol","author":"A Averbouh","year":"2010"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1096-3642.2006.00228.x","article-title":"Killer sperm whale: a new basal physeteroid (mammalia, cetacea) from the late miocene of italy","volume":"148","author":"G Bianucci","year":"2006","journal-title":"Zool J Linnean Soc"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref048","first-page":"436","article-title":"Nuevos restos de Scaldicetus (Cetacea, Odontoceti, Physeteridae) del Mioceno superior, sector occidental de la cuenca del Guadalquivir (sur de Espa\u00f1a)","volume":"30","author":"A Toscano","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rev Mex Cienc Geol"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref049","article-title":"How to break a sperm whale\u2019s teeth: dental damage in a large Miocene physeteroid from the North Sea basin","author":"O Lambert","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Vertebr Paleontol"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref050","first-page":"93","article-title":"Restos fragmentarios de odontocetos (cetacea, mammalia) del mioceno de la cuenca del bajo tajo (portugal)","volume":"19","author":"M Estevens","year":"2004","journal-title":"Rev Esp Paleontol"},{"issue":"7302","key":"pone.0323773.ref051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09067","article-title":"The giant bite of a new raptorial sperm whale from the Miocene epoch of Peru","volume":"466","author":"O Lambert","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref052","first-page":"139","article-title":"Whales, dolphins and porpoises: origin and evolution of the cetacea.","volume-title":"Mammals: notes for a short course","author":"L. Barnes","year":"1984"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref053","first-page":"169","article-title":"Evolutionary history of cetaceans: a review.","volume-title":"Secondary adaptation of tetrapods to life in water","author":"RE Fordyce","year":"2001"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref054","first-page":"151","article-title":"Revised phylogeny of the physeteridae (mammalia: cetacea) in the light of placoziphius VAN BENEDEN, 1869 and aulophyseter kellogg, 1927","volume":"72","author":"E Kaz\u00e1r","year":"2002","journal-title":"Bull Inst Sci Nat Belg Sci Terre"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.3354\/meps07164","article-title":"Summer spatial distribution of cetaceans in the Strait of Gibraltar in relation to the oceanographic context","volume":"353","author":"R de Stephanis","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mar Ecol Prog Ser"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0323773.ref056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2715","DOI":"10.1111\/mec.16898","article-title":"Genomics reveals the role of admixture in the evolution of structure among sperm whale populations within the Mediterranean Sea","volume":"32","author":"B Violi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol Ecol"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0323773.ref057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anthro.2008.02.008","article-title":"Ressources compl\u00e9mentaires et mobilit\u00e9 dans le Magdal\u00e9nien cantabrique. Nouvelles donn\u00e9es sur les mammif\u00e8res marins, les crustac\u00e9s, les mollusques et les roches organog\u00e8nes de la Grotte de Las Caldas (Asturies, Espagne)","volume":"112","author":"MS Corch\u00f3n","year":"2008","journal-title":"L\u2019Anthropologie"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref058","first-page":"227","article-title":"The ichnogenus entobia from the miocene, pliocene and pleistocene of southern italy","volume":"90","author":"RG Bromley","year":"1984","journal-title":"Riv Ital Paleontol Stratigr"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0323773.ref059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.4072\/rbp.2004.3.03","article-title":"Estructuras de bioerosi\u00f3n en moluscos marinos de la Formaci\u00f3n Villa Soriano (Pleistoceno Tard\u00edo-Holoceno) de Uruguay","volume":"7","author":"N Lorenzo","year":"2004","journal-title":"RBP"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref060","unstructured":"Mu\u00f1iz F, Bela\u00fastegui Z, G\u00f3mez P, Rodr\u00edguez J, Bermejo J. El rol de la zonaci\u00f3n icnol\u00f3gica-ecol\u00f3gica en el muelle de la Linterna de Portus; 2021. p. 611\u201333."},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref061","first-page":"283","article-title":"Bioerosion in the Pleistocene of southern Italy: ichnogenera caulostrepsis and maeandropolydora","volume":"89","author":"R Bromley","year":"1983","journal-title":"Riv Ital Paleontol Stratigr"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref062","first-page":"783","article-title":"Bioerosion in shell beds from the Pliocene Roussillon Basin, France: implications for the (macro)bioerosion ichnofacies model","volume":"52","author":"JM Gibert","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acta Palaeontol Pol"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1080\/10420940.2018.1532898","article-title":"Molluskan grazing traces (ichnogenus radulichnus voigt, 1977) on a pleistocene bivalve from southern brazil, with the proposal of a new ichnospecies","volume":"26","author":"R Lopes","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ichnos"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.5710\/AMGH.11.10.2016.2969","article-title":"Encrusting and boring barnacles through the Cretaceous\/Paleogene boundary in northern Patagonia (Argentina)","volume":"54","author":"SS Brezina","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ameghiniana"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref065","first-page":"1","article-title":"Entobia ichnofacies from the Middle Miocene carbonate succession of the northern Western Desert of Egypt","volume":"88","author":"M El-Hedeny","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Soc Geol Pol"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref066","first-page":"379","article-title":"Bioerosion of the plio-pleistocene transgression of southern Italy","volume":"93","author":"RG Bromley","year":"1987","journal-title":"Riv Ital Paleontol Stratigr"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref067","first-page":"373","article-title":"New ichnotaxa based on tooth impressions on dinosaur and whale bones","volume":"53","author":"A Jacobsen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Geol Q"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref068","article-title":"New ichnospecies of Linichnus Jacobsen & Bromley, 2009","author":"F Mu\u00f1iz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ichnos"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref069","first-page":"651","article-title":"Scallop ecology: distributions and behaviour.","volume-title":"Developments in aquaculture and fisheries science","author":"A Brand","year":"2006"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref070","first-page":"191","article-title":"Tr\u00eas ossos de vertebrados quatern\u00e1rios","volume":"61","author":"G Zbyszewski","year":"1977","journal-title":"Comunic Serv Geol Port"},{"issue":"322","key":"pone.0323773.ref071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1017\/S0003598X00099294","article-title":"Sourcing African ivory in Chalcolithic Portugal","volume":"83","author":"TX Schuhmacher","year":"2009","journal-title":"Antiquity"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0323773.ref072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230741","DOI":"10.1098\/rsos.230741","article-title":"The prelude to industrial whaling: identifying the targets of ancient European whaling using zooarchaeology and collagen mass-peptide fingerprinting","volume":"10","author":"Y van den Hurk","year":"2023","journal-title":"R Soc Open Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0323773.ref073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anthro.2004.01.001","article-title":"Les c\u00e9tac\u00e9s des gravures rupestres n\u00e9olithiques de Bangu-dae (Cor\u00e9e du Sud) et les d\u00e9buts de la chasse \u00e0 la baleine dans le Pacifique nord-ouest","volume":"108","author":"S-M Lee","year":"2004","journal-title":"L\u2019Anthropologie"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref074","first-page":"1","article-title":"Arch\u00e4eologische und geophysikalische prospektionen im nordbereich der Chalkolitischen siedlung von Valencina de la Concepci\u00f3n bei Sevilla (Andalusien in Jahr 2014","volume":"56","author":"T Schuhmacher","year":"2015","journal-title":"Madrider Mitteilungen"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.30827\/cpag.v30i0.15867","article-title":"Excavaci\u00f3n arqueol\u00f3gica y prospecci\u00f3n geomagn\u00e9tica en el sector norte del yacimiento de la edad del cobre de Valencina de la Concepci\u00f3n (Sevilla). Campa\u00f1a de 2017","volume":"30","author":"A MederosMart\u00edn","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cuad Prehist Arqueol Univ Granada"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref076","first-page":"285","article-title":"El poblado de la edad del cobre de Valencina de la Concepci\u00f3n (Sevilla). Nuevos datos sobre sus recintos y espacios dom\u00e9sticos. Campa\u00f1a de 2018","volume":"31","author":"A MederosMart\u00edn","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cuad Prehist Arqueol Granada"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref077","first-page":"20","article-title":"Los \u00eddolos calcol\u00edticos del cerro de la cabeza (Valencina de la Concepci\u00f3n, Sevilla)","volume":"21","author":"F Fern\u00e1ndezG\u00f3mez","year":"1980","journal-title":"Madrider Mitteilungen"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref078","first-page":"311","article-title":"Los \u00eddolos del asentamiento de Valencina de la Concepci\u00f3n (Sevilla): una revisi\u00f3n.","volume-title":"El asentamiento prehist\u00f3rico de Valencina de la Concepci\u00f3n. Investigaci\u00f3n y tutela en el 150 aniversario del descubrimiento de La Pastora","author":"L Garc\u00eda Sanju\u00e1n","year":"2013"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref079","first-page":"455","article-title":"Excavaci\u00f3n de urgencia en la finca la gallega, 1\u00aa fase","author":"A Mart\u00edn Espinosa","year":"1992","journal-title":"Anu Arq Andal"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref080","first-page":"421","article-title":"\u00bfCampos de hoyos, campos de compost? Estudio tafon\u00f3mico y paleobiol\u00f3gico del sector de La Gallega del yacimiento de Valencina de la Concepci\u00f3n (Sevilla).","volume-title":"El asentamiento prehist\u00f3rico de Valencina de la Concepci\u00f3n. Investigaci\u00f3n y tutela en el 150 aniversario del descubrimiento de La Pastora","author":"E Bern\u00e1ldez S\u00e1nchez","year":"2013"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref081","first-page":"131","article-title":"Las excavaciones del museo arqueol\u00f3gico de Sevilla en Valencina de la Concepci\u00f3n (Sevilla) en 1975-1976: sectores de La Perrera, La Candelera y Cerro de la Cabeza.","volume-title":"El asentamiento prehist\u00f3rico de Valencina de la Concepci\u00f3n. Investigaci\u00f3n y tutela en el 150 aniversario del descubrimiento de La Pastora","author":"L Garc\u00eda Sanju\u00e1n","year":"2013"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref082","first-page":"7","article-title":"Excavaciones en el yacimiento calcol\u00edtico de Valencina de la Concepci\u00f3n (Sevilla). El corte C (La Perrera)","volume":"25","author":"F Fern\u00e1ndezG\u00f3mez","year":"1985","journal-title":"Notic Arqueol Hisp"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref083","first-page":"157","article-title":"La secuencia ocupacional durante el III milenio ANE en c\/ trabajadores 14-18 (Valencina de la Concepci\u00f3n, Sevilla).","volume-title":"El asentamiento prehist\u00f3rico de Valencina de la Concepci\u00f3n. Investigaci\u00f3n y tutela en el 150 aniversario del descubrimiento de La Pastora","author":"P L\u00f3pez Aldana","year":"2013"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0323773.ref084","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1007\/s10963-018-9114-2","article-title":"Assembling the Dead, Gathering the Living: Radiocarbon Dating and Bayesian Modelling for Copper Age Valencina de la Concepci\u00f3n (Seville, Spain)","volume":"31","author":"L Garc\u00eda Sanju\u00e1n","year":"2018","journal-title":"J World Prehist"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref085","first-page":"21","article-title":"Calle trabajadores. Una aproximaci\u00f3n al poblamiento calcol\u00edtico de Valencina a trav\u00e9s de su industria l\u00edtica","volume":"17","author":"D Dom\u00ednguezFern\u00e1ndez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arq Terr"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref086","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1017\/S0079497X00001778","article-title":"Pit-digging and structured deposition in the Neolithic and Copper Age","volume":"66","author":"J Chapman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc Prehist Soc"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref087","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1558\/jmea.v21i1.19","article-title":"Structured deposition in early neolithic northern Italy","volume":"21","author":"M Pearce","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Mediterr Archaeol"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref088","first-page":"145","article-title":"Structured deposition and ditched enclosures in the late prehistory of southern Iberia (IV-III millennia BC).","volume-title":"Monumental questions. Prehistoric megaliths, mounds, and enclosures. Proceedings of the XV World Congress (Lisbon, 4-9 September 2006). BAR International Series, Vol. 2122","author":"V Jim\u00e9nezJ\u00e1imez","year":"2010"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref089","first-page":"939","article-title":"Enclosures, structured deposits and selective innovations: riedling and the role of the South Bavarian M\u00fcnchsh\u00f6fen Culture in the new networks of the Late Neolithic.","volume-title":"Megaliths, societies, landscapes. Early monumentality and social differentiation in Neolithic Europe. Fr\u00fche monumentalit\u00e4t und soziale differenzierung, Vol. 18","author":"D Hofmann","year":"2019"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0323773.ref090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1017\/S0959774314001127","article-title":"A reappraisal of Iberian Copper Age goldwork: craftmanship, symbolism and art in a non-funerary gold sheet from Valencina de la Concepci\u00f3n","volume":"25","author":"M Murillo-Barroso","year":"2015","journal-title":"CAJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0323773.ref091","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9594","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-36368-x","article-title":"Amelogenin peptide analyses reveal female leadership in Copper Age Iberia (c. 2900-2650 BC)","volume":"13","author":"M Cintas-Pe\u00f1a","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0323773.ref092","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1179\/1461957113Y.0000000037","article-title":"Ivory craftsmanship, trade and social significance in the southern Iberian Copper Age: the evidence from the PP4-Montelirio Sector of Valencina de la Concepci\u00f3n (Seville, Spain)","volume":"16","author":"LG Sanju\u00e1n","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Archaeol"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref093","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jas.2013.09.001","article-title":"Marine bioerosion in rocks of the prehistoric tholos of La Pastora (Valencina de la Concepci\u00f3n, Seville, Spain): archaeological and palaeoenvironmental implications","volume":"41","author":"LM C\u00e1ceres","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Archaeol Sci"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0323773.ref094","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4621","DOI":"10.1007\/s12520-019-00870-z","article-title":"Natural \u201cmegalithic art\u201d at Valencina (Seville): a geoarchaeological approach to stone, architecture, and cultural choice in Copper Age Iberia","volume":"11","author":"LM C\u00e1ceres","year":"2019","journal-title":"Archaeol Anthropol Sci"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref095","first-page":"69","article-title":"La fauna del sector pp4-montelirio del yacimiento prehist\u00f3rico de valencina de la concepci\u00f3n (sevilla). Econom\u00eda y simbolismo de los animales en una comunidad del iii milenio","volume":"5","author":"C Liesau","year":"2014","journal-title":"Menga"},{"key":"pone.0323773.ref096","first-page":"345","article-title":"Los textiles elaborados con cuentas perforadas de Montelirio.","volume-title":"Montelirio. Un gran monumento megal\u00edtico de la Edad del cobre","author":"M D\u00edaz-Guardamino","year":"2016"}],"container-title":["PLOS One"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0323773","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T17:34:59Z","timestamp":1747244099000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0323773"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Annalisa","family":"Zaccaroni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]]},"references-count":96,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0323773","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]]}}}