{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,7]],"date-time":"2025-06-07T04:06:55Z","timestamp":1749269215119,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":95,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,6]],"date-time":"2025-06-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749168000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004281","name":"Narodowe Centrum Nauki","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021\/41\/B\/HS6\/02844"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021\/41\/B\/HS6\/02844"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004281","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec034\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Depression is a common mental disorder significantly impacting daily functioning. Standard treatments include drugs, psychotherapies, or a combination of both. Treatment selection relies on scientific evidence, though the trustworthiness and applicability of this evidence can vary.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec035\">\n<jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This protocol presents a method to evaluate evidence from systematic reviews for pharmacological and psychological treatments for depression, focusing on trustworthiness and applicability structured into five components: quality of conduct and reporting, risk of bias, spin in abstract conclusions, robustness of meta-analytical results, heterogeneity and clinical diversity.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec036\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>We will conduct a systematic search of systematic reviews in MEDLINE, Embase, PsycInfo, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Our focus will be on systematic reviews of first-line treatments for depression in adults, including antidepressants, psychotherapy, or combined treatments, compared to either active or inactive comparators. We will extract information needed for a comprehensive methodological evaluation using qualitative tools, including AMSTAR 2, ROBIS, Conflict-of-Interest assessment, Referencing Framework for SRs, Spin Measure, and heterogeneity exploration assessment. For quantitative analyses, such as Fragility Index, Ellipse of Insignificance, Region of Attainable Redaction, GRIM test, Leave-N-Out analysis, and prediction intervals, we will select and recalculate two meta-analyses per review. We define a set of outcomes to enable practical and intuitive interpretation of these analyses\u2019 results. Descriptive statistics, non-parametric statistical tests, and narrative summaries will be used to synthesize and compare outcomes across several pre-specified subgroups.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec037\">\n<jats:title>Expected outcomes<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>We expect these analyses to provide an enhanced perspective on the practice of evidence synthesis in the field of mental health, offer methodological guidance for future systematic reviews and meta-analyses, and contribute to improved informed decision-making by clinicians and patients.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec038\">\n<jats:title>OSF registration<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>osf.io\/7f9cj and osf.io\/ynejs<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0325384","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,6]],"date-time":"2025-06-06T17:36:53Z","timestamp":1749231413000},"page":"e0325384","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["How trustworthy and applicable is the evidence from systematic reviews of depression treatments: Protocol for systematic examination"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1276-772X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Iwo","family":"Fober","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3118-1997","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lidia","family":"Baran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Myrto","family":"Samara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Spyridon","family":"Siafis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David Robert","family":"Grimes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9863-2871","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Bartosz","family":"Helfer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0325384.ref001"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0325384.ref002","first-page":"396","article-title":"Evidence-based practice","volume":"86","author":"KA McKibbon","year":"1998","journal-title":"Bull Med Libr Assoc"},{"key":"pone.0325384.ref003","article-title":"Evidence-based medicine.","volume-title":"StatPearls","author":"S Tenny","year":"2024"},{"key":"pone.0325384.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/med\/9780199641116.001.0001","volume-title":"Is evidence-based psychiatry ethical?","author":"M Gupta","year":"2014"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0325384.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881115581093","article-title":"Evidence-based guidelines for treating depressive disorders with antidepressants: a revision of the 2008 British Association for Psychopharmacology guidelines","volume":"29","author":"A Cleare","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"pone.0325384.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2009.06.042","article-title":"Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) clinical guidelines for the management of major depressive disorder in adults. 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