{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,27]],"date-time":"2025-06-27T04:13:00Z","timestamp":1750997580580,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,26]],"date-time":"2025-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750896000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Basic Research Program of Guizhou Science and Technology Department","award":["ZK[2024]156"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZK[2024]156"]}]},{"name":"the High-level Talents Startup Fund of Guizhou Medical University","award":["J[2022]042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["J[2022]042"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease with persistent synovitis and joint destruction, leading to a huge economic and physical burden on patients. The detection of RA is important for the individual\u2019s guiding therapeutic. However, current signatures lacked enough effects for the diagnosis of RA. Here, a pariwise signature, including genes <jats:italic>ICAM2<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>OSTF1<\/jats:italic>, was derived based on a rank-based method, which was called <jats:italic>ICAM2<\/jats:italic>-<jats:italic>OSTF1<\/jats:italic> signature (IOS). The sensitivity and specificity of IOS in the training dataset were 87.39% and 86.79%, respectively. The accuracy of IOS was 91.07% in the validation dataset that contained a total of 280 samples from two independent datasets. Besides, when using eight methods, such as ssGSEA, xCell and TIMER, to quantitate the immune infiltration characteristics in RA. We found that RA presented elevated pro-inflammation immune infiltration and immune score. In addition, transcriptome analysis demonstrated that the consistent transcriptional differences between RA and healthy control were significantly enriched in some pathways typically related to the immune microenvironments, such as T cell activation. Finally, network analysis demonstrated that <jats:italic>ICAM2<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>CXCL16<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>CKLF<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>SLPI<\/jats:italic> may be related to the occurrence of RA. In brief, IOS can individually distinguish RA from healthy controls measured by different laboratories, and be an auxiliary test for diagnosing RA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0326027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,26]],"date-time":"2025-06-26T17:39:06Z","timestamp":1750959546000},"page":"e0326027","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Individualized diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis: A rank-based qualitative T cell-related signature"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Hang","family":"Su","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xingyi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2604-5253","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yawei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,26]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10055","key":"pone.0326027.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2023","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)30173-8","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"388","author":"JS Smolen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0326027.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2017.115","article-title":"Synovial tissue research: a state-of-the-art review","volume":"13","author":"C Orr","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"key":"pone.0326027.ref003","article-title":"Epidemiology, pathophysiology, and diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis: A Synopsis","volume":"20","author":"A Gibofsky","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Manag Care"},{"issue":"13","key":"pone.0326027.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1360","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.13103","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of rheumatoid arthritis: a review","volume":"320","author":"D Aletaha","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0326027.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2569","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27584","article-title":"2010 Rheumatoid arthritis classification criteria: an American College of Rheumatology\/European League Against Rheumatism collaborative initiative","volume":"62","author":"D Aletaha","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0326027.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1111\/cei.13156","article-title":"Circulating serum miR-223-3p and miR-16-5p as possible biomarkers of early rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"193","author":"M Dunaeva","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0326027.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-020-02689-y","article-title":"Three hematologic\/immune system-specific expressed genes are considered as the potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of early rheumatoid arthritis through bioinformatics analysis","volume":"19","author":"Q Cheng","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"key":"pone.0326027.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726747","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.726747","article-title":"Identifying immune cell infiltration and effective diagnostic biomarkers in rheumatoid arthritis by bioinformatics analysis","volume":"12","author":"S Zhou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"pone.0326027.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724934","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.724934","article-title":"Identification of diagnostic signatures and immune cell infiltration characteristics in rheumatoid arthritis by integrating bioinformatic analysis and machine-learning strategies","volume":"12","author":"R Yu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0326027.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-018-4446-y","article-title":"Quantitative or qualitative transcriptional diagnostic signatures? 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