{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T00:53:09Z","timestamp":1785372789140,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":110,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]],"date-time":"2025-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757030400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003093","name":"Ministry of Higher Education of Malaysia","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["PRGS\/1\/2020\/STG05\/UKM\/02\/3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PRGS\/1\/2020\/STG05\/UKM\/02\/3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003093","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Poor vascularization and infections hinder diabetic wound healing, posing challenges in therapy development. A multi-action approach incorporating Dicer-substrate small interfering RNA (DsiRNA) against the prostaglandin transporter (PGT) gene and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) into a Pluronic F-127 (PF127) gel was developed. This study aimed to upscale AuNP biosynthesis using <jats:italic><jats:italic>Lignosus rhinocerotis<\/jats:italic><\/jats:italic> (tiger milk mushroom, TMM) extract and chitosan as stabilizers. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) optimized the synthesis with 0.6\u2009mL chloroauric acid (HAuCl\u2084) and 4.4\u2009mL TMM extract, producing upscaled AuNPs (152.93\u2009\u00b1\u20091.56\u2009nm,\u2009+\u200930 mV) with a Surface Plasmon Resonance peak at 538\u2009nm. Both lab-scale and upscaled AuNPs exhibited antibacterial activity against <jats:italic><jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic><\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic><jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic><\/jats:italic> (MIC: 250 \u03bcg\/mL). The gel formulation demonstrated favourable gelling properties for wound dressing. A 28-day toxicity study confirmed no adverse effects on haematology, biochemistry, or organ morphology. In diabetic Wistar rats, only the wounds treated with Pluronic gels containing AuNPs-DsiRNA showed no signs of infection, while the other groups exhibited infection and pustules in the wounded areas. These findings highlight the potential of AuNP-DsiRNA thermoresponsive gels as an innovative, safe, and effective therapy for diabetic wound healing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0327375","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]],"date-time":"2025-09-05T17:24:03Z","timestamp":1757093043000},"page":"e0327375","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Upscaling, toxicity and efficacy of multifaceted dressing embedded with dsirna-loaded gold nanoparticles for enhancing diabetic wound treatment"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Farha Yasmin","family":"Faris Taufeq","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Luqman","family":"Nordin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7249-1628","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Haliza","family":"Katas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0327375.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2014.04.011","article-title":"The independent contribution of diabetic foot ulcer on lower extremity amputation and mortality risk","volume":"28","author":"D Martins-Mendes","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Diabetes Complications"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0327375.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcmd.2003.09.020","article-title":"The chronic wound: impaired healing and solutions in the context of wound bed preparation","volume":"32","author":"V Falanga","year":"2004","journal-title":"Blood Cells Mol Dis"},{"key":"pone.0327375.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/S1067-2516(07)60001-5","article-title":"Diabetic foot disorders. 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