{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]],"date-time":"2025-08-02T00:11:55Z","timestamp":1754093515125,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Promoting the continuous income increase of the poverty-alleviated population has become one of the key tasks to consolidate the achievements of poverty alleviation, promote rural revitalization and achieve common prosperity. Based on the survey data of 738 farmers in six poverty-alleviated counties (cities) in an underdeveloped region in northwest China, this paper uses the endogenous transformation regression model to empirically explore the income-increasing effect of microcredit for the poverty-alleviated population, and uses the quantile regression model and OLS regression model to explore raising the low effect of microcredit for the poverty-alleviated population. The results show that: (1) Based on the counterfactual hypothesis, if the farmers who obtain microcredit for poverty-alleviated population are not loaned, their production and operating income will decrease by 3.31%, that is, microcredit has a significant income-increasing effect, and the income-increasing effect of obtaining microcredit for the poverty-alleviated population on the monitoring objects is greater than the households that have lifted out of poverty. (2) The mechanism of action shows that the microcredit policy for the poverty- alleviated population promotes income increase by promoting farmers to increase material capital investment and social capital investment. (3) The income-increasing effect of obtain microcredit for poverty-alleviated population on the low-income initial endowment farmers is greater than that on high-income initial endowment farmers, and farmers with low-land initial endowment have a higher income increase effect, that is, a \u2018raising the low \u2018 effect. The overall efficiency effect on \u2018low\u2192high \u2018initial endowment farmers shows a decreasing trend. Therefore, in order to ensure the effectiveness of financial precision assistance, we should promote the microcredit policy of the poverty-alleviated population from the aspects of policy stability and implementation precision.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0327431","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T17:25:49Z","timestamp":1754069149000},"page":"e0327431","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Does microcredit for the poverty-alleviated population have an income-increasing effect? Also on the \u201cRaising the Low\u201d effect"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Yin","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-5607-4000","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lu","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-4561-1882","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Binjian","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0327431.ref001","first-page":"2","article-title":"From escaping from absolute poverty to common prosperity of rural households in rural areas","author":"WL Lin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chinese Rural Economy"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0327431.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1093\/wber\/4.3.351","article-title":"Peer Monitoring and Credit Markets","volume":"4","author":"JE Stiglitz","year":"1990","journal-title":"World Bank Econ Rev"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0327431.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chieco.2010.05.001","article-title":"Informal lending amongst friends and relatives: Can microcredit compete in rural China?","volume":"21","author":"CG Turvey","year":"2010","journal-title":"China Economic Review"},{"issue":"04","key":"pone.0327431.ref004","first-page":"63","article-title":"Informal finance and farmers\u2019 borrowing behavior","author":"Y Jin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Financial Research"},{"issue":"05","key":"pone.0327431.ref005","first-page":"43","article-title":"Analysis of farmers \u2018 formal credit access and credit channel preference-explanation from the perspective of financial knowledge level and education level","author":"Y Wu","year":"2016","journal-title":"China \u2018s rural economy"},{"issue":"04","key":"pone.0327431.ref006","first-page":"11","article-title":"Microfinance in China","author":"SG Wang","year":"1998","journal-title":"Agricultural Economic Issues"},{"issue":"02","key":"pone.0327431.ref007","first-page":"59","article-title":"Active spring from the source: The impact of targeted poverty alleviation policy on household credit in rural China","volume":"36","author":"ZC Yin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Management World"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0327431.ref008","first-page":"22","article-title":"The Miracle of Microfinance? Evidence from a Randomized Evaluation","volume":"7","author":"A Banerjee","year":"2015","journal-title":"American Economic Journal: Applied Economics"},{"issue":"04","key":"pone.0327431.ref009","first-page":"54","article-title":"Evaluation on the effect of income improvement of policy-based financial poverty alleviation projects - Taking Jiangxi Province as an example","author":"GJ Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"China Soft Science"},{"key":"pone.0327431.ref010","first-page":"123","article-title":"Estimating the impact of microcredit on those who take it up: Evidence from a randomized experiment in Morocco","volume":"7","author":"B Cr\u00e9pon","year":"2015","journal-title":"American Economic Journal: Applied Economics"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0327431.ref011","first-page":"151","article-title":"Microcredit impacts: evidence from a randomized microcredit program placement experiment by compartamos banco","volume":"7","author":"M Angelucci","year":"2015","journal-title":"American Economic Journal: Applied Economics"},{"key":"pone.0327431.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s11205-019-02263-0","article-title":"Effect of financial inclusion on poverty and vulnerability to poverty: Evidence using a multidimensional measure of financial inclusion","volume":"149","author":"I Koomson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement"},{"issue":"07","key":"pone.0327431.ref013","first-page":"158","article-title":"Rural inclusive finance development and the sustainability of poverty reduction: dual perspectives based on multidimensional relative poverty and poverty vulnerability","author":"HQ Qi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Inquiry into Economic Issues"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0327431.ref014","first-page":"38","article-title":"Can poverty alleviation microcredit improve the performance of farmers self-employment","author":"C Weng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Agrotechnical Economics"},{"key":"pone.0327431.ref015","first-page":"468","article-title":"Multidimensional relative poverty alleviation of the targeted microcredit in rural China: a gendered perspective. CHINA AGRICULTURAL ECONOMIC REVIEW","volume":"16","author":"B Wu","year":"2024"},{"key":"pone.0327431.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdeveco.2024.103346","article-title":"Unlocking the benefits of credit through saving","volume":"171","author":"SW Mukherjee","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Development Economics"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0327431.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0316014","article-title":"The synergistic effects of microcredit access and agricultural technology adoption on maize farmer\u2019s income in Kenya","volume":"20","author":"S Kipkogei","year":"2025","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"09","key":"pone.0327431.ref018","first-page":"68","article-title":"The policy design of \u2018 top-down \u2018 and \u2018 bottom-up \u2018 integration-based on the empirical analysis of rural development poverty alleviation projects","author":"JX Jia","year":"2017","journal-title":"Social Sciences in China"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0327431.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1991","DOI":"10.18306\/dlkxjz.2022.11.001","article-title":"The impact of China\u2019s inclusive finance on multidimensional poverty in rural areas","volume":"41","author":"L Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Progress in Geography"},{"issue":"05","key":"pone.0327431.ref020","first-page":"77","article-title":"Analysis of the income effect of borrowing by different income groups in rural areas - based on the survey data of farmers in rural northeast China","author":"WC Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chinese Rural Economy"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0327431.ref021","first-page":"128","article-title":"The heterogeneous impact of credit capital on farmers\u2019 income growth effect","volume":"43","author":"Y Wu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Southwest University for Nationalities (Humanities and Social Sciences)"},{"issue":"09","key":"pone.0327431.ref022","first-page":"77","article-title":"Does social capital affect farmers\u2019 income level - empirical analysis from the perspective of relationship network, trust and harmony","author":"W Tang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Economist"},{"issue":"07","key":"pone.0327431.ref023","first-page":"21","article-title":"Performance comparison between fiscal poverty alleviation and financial poverty alleviation in the period of targeted poverty alleviation: From the perspective of heterogeneity of poverty alleviation and multidimensional poverty","author":"BJ Wu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chinese Rural Economy"},{"key":"pone.0327431.ref024","first-page":"32","article-title":"Poverty-alleviating microcredit, farmer income, and anti-poverty performance","volume":"4","author":"J Yan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Financial Economics Research"},{"issue":"01","key":"pone.0327431.ref025","first-page":"112","article-title":"Digital Finance and Farmers\u2019 Entrepreneurship","author":"J He","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chinese Rural Economy"},{"issue":"01","key":"pone.0327431.ref026","first-page":"130","article-title":"The impact of green control technology adoption on cotton farmers\u2019 welfare in Xinjiang","volume":"45","author":"Y Huo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Resources Science"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0327431.ref027","first-page":"2470","article-title":"The impact of digital finance on farmers\u2019 adoption of green production technologies","volume":"44","author":"JH Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Resources Science"},{"key":"pone.0327431.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chieco.2018.06.002","article-title":"Off-farm work, smartphone use and household income: Evidence from rural China","volume":"52","author":"WL Ma","year":"2018","journal-title":"China Economic Review"},{"issue":"05","key":"pone.0327431.ref029","first-page":"96","article-title":"The impacts of land rental market participation on entrepreneurship: an empirical analysis based on the endogenous switching probit model","author":"CS Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chinese Rural Economy"},{"key":"pone.0327431.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdeveco.2012.12.005","article-title":"Risk preferences and pesticide use by cotton farmers in China","volume":"103","author":"EM Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Development Economics"},{"issue":"04","key":"pone.0327431.ref031","first-page":"1","article-title":"Cultural biases in migration: estimating non\u2014monetary migration costs","volume":"2","author":"O Falck","year":"2016","journal-title":"Papers in Regional Science"},{"issue":"06","key":"pone.0327431.ref032","first-page":"19","article-title":"The impact of participation degree and time of returning farmland to forest on farmers\u2019 household income: Empirical analysis based on a multiple endogenous regression model","author":"D Pan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Agrotechnical Economics"},{"issue":"07","key":"pone.0327431.ref033","first-page":"18","article-title":"Analysis of income effect differences of scientific fertilization technology\u2014an empirical estimation based on farmers\u2019 initial endowment","author":"YJ Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Agrotechnical Economics"}],"container-title":["PLOS One"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0327431","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T17:25:56Z","timestamp":1754069156000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0327431"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Amar","family":"Razzaq","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0327431","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]]}}}